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Unit 3单元话题阅读理解专项练习
(名校最新真题)
（2022·广东·罗定邦中学高一期中）If you think that running marathons (马拉松) will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.
Scientists in Denmark have been studying 1,000 joggers(慢跑者)and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a proper pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die.The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes the heart and arteries(动脉)structural changes. Over time, this can cause serious injuries.
Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said, “If your goal is to decrease the risk of death and improve life expectancy(预期寿命), jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy. Anything more is just unnecessary, and it may be harmful.”
The implications(暗示)of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and walking may be better for us than triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott, another researcher involved in the study, you don’t actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much.
1．The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to “________”.
A．regular B．hard C．practical D．relaxing
2．The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to ________ .
A．suggest giving up jogging B．show risks of doing sports
C．provide supportive evidence D．introduce the research process
3．What can be inferred from the text?
A．No exercise is the best choice. B．More exercise means a healthier life.
C．Marathon runners are least likely to die. D．Proper exercise contributes to good health.
（2022·山东聊城·高一期末）There are some great winter sports that are just waiting to be explored. Some or more extreme than others, but still definitely worth a try...
Ice Skating
Invented more than 4000 years ago by the Finnish, it remains loved by so many all over the world. People of all ages can take advantage of this fun sport, as it is a great way to be outdoors and get a bit of exercise. Experts say that the more you practice, the belter your balance, co-coordination, and flexibility will become. So put on a pair of skates and get moving on the rink.
Snowcross
Snowcross is a sport suitable for people who are a bit more adventurous. Over the last several years, snowcross has increased in popularity and is one of the most sought-after forms of snowmobile races and a really trendy winter sport. Snowcross is popular in the USA, Canada, Sweden, and Finland. Sound fun? Why not give it a try?
Ice Hockey
Ice hockey is not just one of the most popular winter Olympic sports but has also recently become a common international sport. Ice hockey is fast passed and full of energy that also involved numerous intricate（复杂精细的）tricks and movements. It doesn’t only have a competitive side, it also is super fun!
Snowboarding
Snowboarding is another really fun snow sport that is definitely worth trying this winter. It’s not the same as skiing, the main difference between snowboarding and skiing is that snowboarding does not use poles and most people use softer boots for flexibility. Snowboarding has only recently been added to the winter Olympics. There are hundreds of different resorts around the world that allow you to experience this popular sport.
4．What can we know about Snowcross?
A．It needs more practice. B．It suits those willing to take risks.
C．It covers numbers of tricks and movements. D．It is popular only in Europe.
5．Of the following sports, which is new in the winter Olympics?
A．Ice Skating. B．Snowcross. C．Ice Hockey. D．Snowboarding.
6．What do the listed sports have in common?
A．They have a long history. B．They appeal to people of all ages.
C．They are full of fun. D．They are more extreme than any other sport.
（2022·黑龙江·齐齐哈尔市建华区衡齐中小学校高一期末）Ten fitness exercises you can do at home
Walking
An effective walking workout at home will help to strengthen your legs, while getting some low impact aerobic exercise as well. If you don’t have any stairs available, just walk around the house a few times —it may not be very exciting, but it will do the job!
Jumping jacks
These are always fun, as they bring back memories of being a kid! Who hasn’t done jumping jacks for fun as a child? Well, surprise —they are also great cardio exercises, and good for warming up, too.
Push-ups
These are probably not the most favorite exercise of many people, but while they can be hard to do, you can find easier ways to do them. You don’t need to pretend you’re “Rocky”, and do them with one hand: just do what works for you. Do them on your knees, instead of keeping your legs straight. Or, do them by standing up against a wall. You will build up arm strength and work out muscles in your chest area.
Leg lifts
These are great for building up strength and muscles in your legs. If you find it hard to do the exercises with your legs straight, try bending them slightly.
Crunches
It’s the best exercise for building up and strengthening belly muscles. When you’re just getting started, don’t worry about getting your head all the way up. So long as you’re going up until you feel the stretching of the muscles, you will see some benefit.
Jogging in place
Jogging is a great exercise for your heart. You can jog in place at home while watching TV or listening to music. The only equipment you will require is a good pair of shoes, to eliminate any stress to your legs.
Squats
These are wonderful exercises for your legs and bottoms. You can even just try these by sitting and standing up again from a regular chair, if you’re finding them to be too difficult. As long as you’re able to do a few repetitions, you will provide some benefit to your body.
Dancing
Dancing is a wonderful exercise, which is great for your heart. Not only that, but it can lift your spirits as well, and give your overall feeling a boost.
7．Which column does this article belong to if in the newspaper?
A．Health. B．Entertainment. C．Travel. D．Advertisement.
8．If Tom wants to strengthen his chest muscle, which exercise is most suitable for him?
A．Walking. B．Push-ups. C．Jumping jacks. D．Squats.
9．What exercises are best for heart?
A．Walking and Push-up. B．Leg lifts and Crunches.
C．Squats and Dancing. D．Dancing and Jogging in place.
（2022·广东·普宁市华侨中学高一期末）If you thought running was just great for the body, then think again. Scientists have found that the sport not only keeps people fit but also improves your brain power (脑力).
The research found that people who keep fit are more likely to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking. They also found that unfit people tended to have smaller brains and reduced cognitive skills. The findings add to a growing body of evidence which links exercise with helping protect the brain against ageing (老化) and also helping it replace dying cells (死细胞). This might reduce the risk of many illnesses and diseases such as Alzheimer’s.
One research paper within its latest issue sees scientists at Kentucky University putting 30 adults aged 59-69 on a treadmill (跑步机). Their heart and lung capacity was measured and an MRI scanner was used to assess the blood flow to their brains. Those who were less fit had smaller brains compared to the fitter volunteers who had larger brains. Scientists in Germany followed 21 adults aged between 60-77. As they went through a three-month fitness program, they saw improvements in their memory.
Researchers are not yet sure why exercise helps to protect brain cells but some research in mice has produced results. Mice, examined at the National Institute on Ageing, in Baltimore, found that cells in the hippocampus (海马体), an area of the brain used for memory, were actively reproducing while their fatter peers were in decline.
Linda Clare, professor of clinical psychology of ageing and dementia at Exeter University and a member of the Global Council on Brain Health told The Sunday Times: “Moderate intensity aerobic (有氧的) activity such as walking, cycling or running can produce changes in brain structure and function.”
10．Who tend to have larger brains, better memories and clearer thinking?
A．People who are healthy. B．People who are thin.
C．People who are unhealthy. D．People who are fat.
11．What do we learn from the experiment in paragraph 3?
A．Those who were less fit had larger brains.
B．Those who were fitter had smaller brains.
C．Exercise helps people improve their memory.
D．Old people doing exercise improve memory better than young people.
12．Accord to Linda Clare, what kind of activity can NOT produce changes in brain structure and function?
A．Walking. B．Singing.
C．Cycling. D．Running.
13．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A．To tell you sport improves your brain power.
B．To introduce some good ways to keep healthy.
C．To teach you how to best spend time in doing sports.
D．To introduce several ways to improve your memory.
（2022·山东烟台·高一期末）Simone Biles was a bright, bouncy little girl. She couldn’t sit still, and her favorite place was the trampoline (蹦床) in her grandparents’, backyard, where she jumped and twisted (扭动) in the air for hours.
Simone was born in 1997. When she was 6 years old, her day-care group went on a field trip to a gym. Simone loved watching the gymnasts train and perform. She couldn’t just watch them, though-she had to try their moves. She was so good that one of the coaches sent a letter home with her, inviting Simone to take gymnastics (体操) classes.
Simone loved the classes, and she was excellent at climbing, swinging and jumping. She had a lot to learn, though. Most of the gymnasts in her class had started lessons when they began to learn to walk. At 6, Simone was the oldest child in her class. But that would change quickly.
Several times a year, the gym held exhibitions to demonstrate the gymnasts’ skills. At one of these, young gymnasts had to climb 10 feet up a rope, using just their arms and holding their legs straight in front of them. Simone was so strong that she climbed 20 feet into the air.
At 9, Simone learned why she couldn’t sit still: She had ADHD(多动症). Her brain moved fast and her body did too, which made it hard for her to concentrate in school. “The challenges we face help us become who we are, ” Simone wrote. “My challenge is also my superpower: ADHD．” Simone’s superpower would help make her one of the most brilliant gymnasts ever seen.
At age 16, she won two gold medals at the Artistic Gymnastics World Championships, including the all-around. She has now won 25 world medals, 19 of them gold. That’s the most in world gymnastics history. So outstanding is she that several signature moves have been named after Simone.
14．What does the underlined word “bouncy” in paragraph 1 mean?
A．Confident. B．Active. C．Curious. D．Gifted.
15．What does the writer want to show with the exhibition in paragraph 4?
A．Simone liked to show off.
B．Simone didn’t need to learn more.
C．How excellently Simone performed.
D．Why Simone fell behind her classmates.
16．What does the last paragraph focus on?
A．Simone’s superpower.
B．Simone’s signature moves.
C．Simone’s great achievements.
D．Simone’s experience in competitions.
17．What does Simone’s story convey?
A．Practice makes perfect.
B．Interest is the best teacher.
C．Talent is the key to success.
D．Challenges can be superpower.
（2022·山东·济南市教育教学研究院高一期末）A woman who lost one leg to cancer is seeking to break a world record by completing 102 marathon-length runs in 102 days.
Jacky Hunt-Broersma, who lost the bottom half of her left leg to a rare form of cancer in 2001, set her goal in mid-January. And every day since then, she has been running the distance of a marathon. “Part of my body was gone. For me the biggest struggle was accepting my disability,” she told the reporter.
Until five years ago, she was not very active. But then she looked into running and decided to give it a try. The sport ended up being quite costly. Currently, the carbon fiber blade she uses, which is designed specifically for running, costs about $10,000.
“Running really changed my life,” she said. “It helped me accept myself as a person with disability. It gave me a sense of freedom. I fell in love with the process of pushing my body further just to see what I could do.”
However, she has faced both physical and mental difficulties during her record-breaking attempt. On one recent day, Hunt-Broersma felt near breakdown at 24 kilometers and began to cry. In that moment, she felt like her planned goal might not happen at all. By dividing it into little goals, she finally picked herself up and carried on.
Hunt-Broersma’s main support team is her husband and their two young children. She is posting her progress online and has also got a large social media following.
As she nears the end of her goal, Hunt-Broersma is hoping to inspire a single thought in others: You’re stronger than you think and you’re capable of so much more.
18．What was the biggest struggle for Hunt-Broersma?
A．Fighting against cancer. B．Living with a disability.
C．Breaking a world record. D．Completing the marathon.
19．What might “the carbon fiber blade” underlined in Paragraph 3 be?
A．A running aid. B．A sports skill. C．A training field. D．A support team.
20．Why did Hunt-Broersma almost break down one day?
A．She was not hopeful about her goal. B．She wasn’t supported by the family.
C．She lost a record breaking chance. D．She wanted a sense of freedom.
21．What can we learn from Hunt-Broersma’s story?
A．A thousand-mile journey begins with one step. B．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.
C．Experience is the father of wisdom. D．Happiness is the key to success.
（2022·内蒙古赤峰·高一期末）Veteran Oksana Chusovitina, the 46-year-old, made a heart shape with her hands and waved to the crowd inside Tokyo’s Gymnastics Center on Sunday night after competing at a record eighth Olympic Games, while the athletes, officials and media workers gave her a standing applause as she left the sport’s biggest stage for the last time. She said she had been crying “tears of happiness, because so many people have supported me for such a long time”, adding, “I’m just so thankful.”
Born in Uzbekistan in 1976, she rose to fame as a gymnast at age 7, and was selected for the national team at age 13. She made her Olympic appearance at the 1992 Barcelona Games as part of the gold medal-winning Unified team, composed of athletes from former Soviet Union. She then represented Uzbekistan at the 1996 Olympic
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