Unit-3-Diverse-Cultures-B卷综合能力提升练(解析版).docx

必修Book 3 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures
B卷·综合能力提升练
(时间：90分钟　满分：120分)
第一部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
（2022秋·四川凉山·高一统考期中）Gifting flowers is a norm on International Women’s Day. People express love and appreciation to every woman in their lives. Daffodils, tulips and roses are all exceptional flowers to gift to your loved one. In this article, we introduce some of the best flowers to give to a lady on this special day.
Roses
Who would reject a lovely rose? A bouquet of roses is considered a symbol of love and affection. Many choose to give roses on Valentine’s Day, but love can be shown on any occasion.
Peonies
The fluffy flower is always a favorite among ladies. Peonies are long-lived perennials, some can even live up to 100 years. The popular garden flower symbolizes prosperity and love in general.
Tulips
The classic flower is among the most popular in the world. The widely known meaning of tulips is perfect love. If you have deep love for someone, tulips are the perfect choice.
Daisies
Beautiful daisies can be found in various colors. They are symbols of innocence and purity. The flower is easy to grow, and fresh-cut daisies can last for a long time in a vase.
International Women’s Day commemorates and celebrates the achievements of women. So no matter what you give, love and respect for women as well as the efforts taken to reach gender equality are most important and valuable.
1．If you want flowers to last long in a vase, which one is perfect to choose?
A．Rose B．Peony C．Tulip D．Daisy
2．What’s the author’s purpose of writing this article?
A．To explain the meaning of Women’s Day
B．To advertise some perfect flowers
C．To introduce some flowers for Women’s Day
D．To honour great women
3．Which section of a web page can this article be taken from?
A．Entertainment B．Fashion C．Culture D．Celebrity
【答案】1．D    2．C    3．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几种适合在国际妇女节送给女士的花。
1．细节理解题。根据Daisies表格内最后一句“The flower is easy to grow, and fresh-cut daisies can last for a long time in a vase.(这种花很容易生长，而鲜切的雏菊在花瓶里可以保存很长时间)”可知，如果想在花瓶里让花存活较长时间，可以选择养雏菊。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“In this article, we introduce some of the best flowers to give to a lady on this special day.(在这篇文章中，我们将介绍一些在这个特殊的日子送给女士的最好的花)”可知，本文的目的是介绍适合妇女节的花。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据第一段前两句“Gifting flowers is a norm on International Women's Day. People express love and appreciation to every woman in their lives.(送花是国际妇女节的标配。人们向自己生活中的每位女性表达爱和感激)”可知，送花是节日文化的一种表达，由此可推知，本文可能摘自网页的“文化”版块。故选C。

B
（2022秋·新疆昌吉·高一校考期末）China is a country with many colorful days and festivals. The Dragon Head Raising Day (Longtaitou) is one of them. This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar (阴历). It stands for the start of spring and farming. This year, the day falls on March 4th.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. We Chinese people call ourselves the “descendants (传人) of the dragon”. Therefore, people celebrate the Dragon Head Raising Day with many customs about dragons.
On the day in ancient times, people put ashes (灰) in the kitchen. This was to “lead the dragon into the house”. People believed that with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest in autumn.
Also, people eat special foods on that day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (细须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
Today, many customs have faded away. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. It was said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
4．Why is the dragon deeply rooted (扎根) in Chinese culture?
A．Chinese people think the dragon is a symbol of power.
B．Chinese people see the dragon as a symbol of good luck.
C．Chinese people think the dragon stands for the start of spring and farming..
D．Chinese people consider themselves the descendants of the dragon.
5．The underlined word in the last paragraph means ________.
A．disappear gradually B．become stronger
C．run away D．die off
6．On the day in ancient times, why did people put ashes in the kitchen?
A．Because the dragon liked the ashes.
B．Because the ashes led the dragon into the house.
C．Because the ashes brought a good harvest.
D．Because the ashes could bring good luck.
7．Which custom has been kept according to the passage?
A．Putting ashes in the kitchen. B．Eating dragon whisker noodles and dumplings.
C．Cutting hair. D．Eating special foods.
【答案】4．D    5．A    6．B    7．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统节日——二月二龙抬头。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段“The dragon is important in Chinese culture. We Chinese people call ourselves the ‘descendants (传人) of the dragon’. (龙在中国文化中很重要。我们中国人自称是“龙的传人”)”可知，龙深深扎根于中国文化是因为中国人认为自己是龙的传人。故选D项。
5．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Today, many customs have faded away. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. (今天，许多风俗已经faded away。但是理发这一习俗还保留着)”可知，前后句有转折关系，其中划线短语faded away和后文中remained (留下，保持不变)意思相反，指“消失”，与disappear gradually意义相近。故选A项。
6．细节理解题。根据第三段“On the day in ancient times, people put ashes in the kitchen. This was to ‘lead the dragon into the house’. People believed that with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest in autumn. (在古代的这一天，人们把灰放在厨房里，是因为这样就能“引领龙来家里”。人们相信在龙的帮助下，在秋天一定有个好收成)”可知，在古代，人们把灰放在厨房里，是因为他们相信灰会把龙引到家里。故选B项。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Today, many customs have faded away. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. (今天，许多风俗习惯都已经消失了，但是理发这一习俗还保留着)”可知，理发这一习俗在二月二龙抬头还保留着。故选C项。

C
（2022春·云南·高二云南省下关第一中学校考阶段练习）I moved to the Spanish capital, Madrid, nearly two months ago. I am here for a year teaching English in a secondary school as a language assistant. Before I arrived I thought I would be able to adapt to Spanish culture very easily, but my previous expectations have been very different from the reality of Spanish life.
Firstly, I didn’t realize how difficult it would be to adapt to the Spanish day and the timings of meals. Spanish “midday” is at 14: 00, meaning lunch is never before then. My expectation was that I would be eating lunch at 12: 00-13: 00, but most days it’s 15: 30 before I eat lunch. Can I really still call this lunch?! The same applies to dinner or tea. In the UK, dinner is between 18:00 and 19: 00, but now that dinner time is 21: 30. The thing I didn’t realize is that this affects the Spanish sleeping routine. Eating dinner so late of course means that Spaniards go to bed so much later. It is such a British thing to go to bed at 22:00!
Queuing politely and being cautious around strangers is also something that is very British. I only realized it when I arrived in Spain. I took it for granted that queuing patiently is as the normal thing as in Britain or countries like China, Japan and America. But this definitely isn’t the case in Spain. If there’s a free table in a restaurant, you quickly take it, even if there’s other people who have been waiting longer than you.
Finally, the reality of the Spanish diet is very different from my expectations. Food products that are so normal in the UK aren’t nearly as popular here.
8．According to the passage, lunch time in the UK probably is ______.
A．12:00-13:00 B．14:00 C．after 15:30 D．15:30
9．The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A．eating dinner so early B．eating dinner so late
C．going to bed so early D．going to bed so late
10．Waiting in line patiently is considered the normal thing in the following countries except ______.
A．China B．America C．Spain D．British
11．How many aspects of cultural differences between Spain and Britain are mentioned in the text?
A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6.
【答案】8．A    9．B    10．C    11．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。大约两个月前，“我”搬到了西班牙的首都马德里，进行为期一年的语言助教。和之前的预想不同，“我”发现要适应西班牙的生活和文化并非一件容易的事。
8．推理判断题。根据文章第二段第三句“My expectation was that I would be eating lunch at 12:00—13:00, but most days it’s 15:30 before I eat lunch.”（我原以为我会在中午12点到13点吃午饭，但大多数时候我都是15点半才吃午饭。）可以推断出，英国人的午餐时间是12:00—13:00。故选A项。
9．词义猜测题。根据第二段中“In the UK, dinner is between 18:00 and 19:00, but now that dinner time is 21:30.”（在英国，晚餐时间是18:00到19:00，但现在晚餐时间是21:30。）以及“Eating dinner so late of course means that Spaniards go to bed so much later.”（晚饭吃得这么晚当然意味着西班牙人睡觉时间要晚得多。）可知，晚餐时间太晚会影响到西班牙人的睡觉时间。故可猜测this应该指的是晚餐时间晚。故选B项。
10．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“I only realized it when I arrived in Spain. I took it for granted that queuing patiently is as the normal thing as in Britain or countries like China, Japan and America.  But this definitely isn’t the case in Spain.”（我理所当然地认为耐心排队是很正常的事情，就像在英国或中国、日本和美国这样的国家一样。但西班牙的情况绝对不是这样。）可知，唯有西班牙人并不认为耐心排队等候是一件正常的事。故选C项。
11．细节理解题。通读全文可知，文章从四个方面介绍了西班牙与英国的文化差异，即：用餐时间，睡觉习惯，排队情况及食物四个方面。故选B项。

D
（2023届重庆市高考模拟调研卷英语试题（二））Let’s face it—most of us can’t resist a cup of tea or coffee sometimes. They’re a perfect pick-me-up and comforter. But there are alternative drinks, so why have we chosen these as our go-to drinks to soothe our busy lives? And which one is superior?
Let’s start with tea-it’s the second most consumed drink in the world. For many-especially the British-having a “cuppa” is a daily practice. The caffeine contained in it helps wake you up in the morning, and throughout the day we’ll make a brew to distract us from our work. And according to some scientists, habitual tea consumption can have some health benefits. Andrew Steptoe, a professor from University College London’s Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, told BBC Food that drinking black tea “may speed up recovery from the daily stresses in life. . . but we do not know what ingredients of tea were responsible for these effects on stress recovery and relaxation”.
Coffee is tea’s ＂trendier＂ rival(对手). Its popularity has grown over the years, and this is reflected in the number of coffee shops we see around-places to hang out, do business or catch up with friends. Coffee can taste great and can be served in many ways, but it’s sometimes how you have it that can be seen as a status symbol or the preserve of hipsters(潮人)I Of course, it gives you a strong caffeine hit-roughly double of that contained in tea. However, too much can lead to anxiety. Sleep scientist Matt Walker told the BBC that caffeine can decrease the amount of restorative deep sleep you have.
But some scientists say drinking coffee-and green tea-can also be good for us. Researchers at Osaka University linked drinking a daily cup of coffee with a lower risk of death among both stroke survivors and healthy people, while drinking seven or more cups of green tea was associated with a lower risk of death among both heart attack and stroke survivors. So, whether we turn to coffee or tea for its taste, its image or as a lifestyle choice, it could be a lifesaver!
12．What does the underlined word “soothe“ in Paragraph 1 mean?
A．Change. B．Relieve.
C．Describe. D．Copy-
13．It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ____.
A．tea is the most consumed drink in the world
B．the caffeine in tea can cure people of illness
C．tea helps promote our careers and friendship
D．the ingredients of tea help people forget trouble
14．Which of the following may Matt Walker agree with?
A．Too much coffee is not good for sleep.
B．Black tea speeds up recovery from the daily stresses.
C．Coffee is surely more popular than tea.
D．Drinking a daily cup of coffee guarantees a long life.
15．In which section can you read the passage on a magazine website?
A．Technology. B．Entertainment.
C．Business. D．Health.
【答案】12．B    13．D    14．A    15．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了茶和咖啡深受人们喜爱，并简单说明了喝茶或咖啡的好处。
12．词句猜测题。根据第一段前两句“Let’s face it—most of us can’t resist a cup of tea or coffee sometimes.They’re a perfect pick-me-up and comforter(让我们认清现实吧——大多数人有时都无法抗拒一杯茶或咖啡。它们是一种完美的鼓舞和安慰)”可知茶和咖啡有提神、安慰的作用，结合划线单词后的“our busy lives”可知茶和咖啡能缓解我们忙碌的生活，由此可知划线词词义为“缓解”，故选B项。
13．推理判断题。根据第二段“Andrew Steptoe, a professor from University College London’s Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, told BBC Food that drinking black tea “may speed up recovery from the daily stresses in life. . . but we do not know what ingredients of tea were responsible for these effects on stress recovery and relaxation”.(伦敦大学学院流行病学和公共卫生学系教授Andrew Steptoe告诉BBC食品频道说，喝红茶“可以加快从日常生活压力中恢复过来……但我们不知道茶中的哪些成分对压力恢复和放松有这些效果。”)”可知，茶里的某些成分有减轻压力、放松的效果，即让人们暂时忘记让他们烦恼的事情。故选D项。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句“However, too much can lead to anxiety. Sleep scientist Matt Walker told the BBC that caffeine can decrease the amount of restorative deep sleep you have. (然而，过多会导致焦虑。睡眠科学家Matt Walker告诉BBC，咖啡因会减少让人恢复精力的深度睡眠。)”可知过度地饮用咖啡不利于睡眠。故选A项。
15．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“ Researchers at Osaka University linked drinking a daily cup of coffee with a lower risk of death among both stroke survivors and healthy people, while drinking seven or more cups of green tea was associated with a lower risk of death among both heart attack and stroke survivors. So, whether we turn to coffee or tea for its taste, its image or as a lifestyle choice, it could be a lifesaver!(大阪大学的研究人员发现，在中风幸存者和健康人群中，每天喝一杯咖啡的死亡风险较低，而在心脏病发作和中风幸存者中，喝七杯或更多绿茶的死亡风险较低。所以，无论我们选择咖啡还是茶是因为它的味道、它的形象或作为一种生活方式的选择，它都可能是我们的救命稻草！)”可知这篇文章主要告诉读者喝茶或者咖啡对身体有好处。所以这篇文章取自于杂志的“健康”部分。故选D项。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（北京市北京市延庆区2022-2023学年高一上学期12月期末英语试题）The dinner party is disappearing according to an article in The New York Times. “How can this be?” You might wonder. Don’t we meet with friends to taste food in the hottest restaurants? Aren’t we invited by friends to enjoy home-cooked meals? And we throw parties for friends on special occasions, don’t we?
___16___It is more formal and usually hosted in one’s home. Invitations are sent out ahead and hosts prepare food with great care. A beautiful tablecloth is spread out on the dinner table, which is then set with expensive cutlery (餐具). Guests dress up for the occasion and are expected to carry on a conversation at the table.___17___
Is it because people are too busy to cook for others and then invite them to the table? Perhaps, but there are many food lovers nowadays, and TV programs teaching people how to cook are very popular.___18___According to Judith Martin, a US writer, people have been brought up to express themselves rather than to exchange ideas. They don’t know how to share their experiences and feelings with others in a proper way.___19___
In her opinion, its influence has been harmful to human communication. “People don’t even respond to dinner invitation anymore,” she said. “Not only do they cancel at the last minute, they do it by text message.”
Things have changed a lot today. Perhaps the dinner party has just become a different kind of thing. However, it needs only be more than some food, a table and a location.___20___ Even if we are using ordinary plates and are not wearing party dresses, we can still enjoy food and share our ideas of life, love and culture, can’t we?
A．The age of great hosts is dead with the change of people’s lifestyles.
B．In fact the dinner party the writer worries about disappearing is another kind.
C．The real problem is that peo