1、1.WhenyouareinRome,doastheRomansdo.2.Wherethereislife,thereishope.3.Angelscandonobetterifyoudoyourbest.4.Tellitasitis.入乡随俗。入乡随俗。一息若存,希望不灭。一息若存,希望不灭。只要努力,天使也不会做得比你更好。只要努力,天使也不会做得比你更好。实话实说。实话实说。theAdverbialClause状语从句状语从句Revisionfor九九种种常常用用的的状状语语从从句句及及其其常常用用的的连连接接词词 时间状语从句时间状语从句地点状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句原因状语从句
2、条件状语从句条件状语从句让步状语从句让步状语从句结果状语从句结果状语从句目的状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句时间状语从句时间状语从句 when,while,as,before,after,till,until,assoonas,themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,(hardly-when,nosooner-than)sincethefirst/lasttime,eachtime,nexttime,地点状语从句地点状语从句where,wherever,everywhere条
3、件状语从句条件状语从句 if,unless,assolongas,onconditionthat,incase,suppose/supposing,provided/providing(假如,如果,在假如,如果,在-的条件下的条件下)原因状语从句原因状语从句because,since,as,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat让步状语从句让步状语从句although,though,eventhough/if,as,while,nomatterwhich/what/when/where/who/how,whichever,wherever,whatever,who
4、ever,whenever,however,whetheror;结果状语从句结果状语从句sothat,sothat,suchthatsothatinorderthat,incase,forfearthat,lest as,asif/asthough than,asas,notso/asas,the+比较级比较级,the+比较级比较级目的状语从句目的状语从句方式状语从句方式状语从句比较状语从句比较状语从句考点:考点:各种从属连词的含义及用法各种从属连词的含义及用法难点难点if条件句中虚拟语气的判断条件句中虚拟语气的判断状语从句中的倒装与前置状语从句中的倒装与前置状语从句中时态的对应状语从句中时态
5、的对应状语从句与其它从句的区别状语从句与其它从句的区别时间状语从句时间状语从句1.(2012全国全国)Ihadhardlygottotheoffice_mywifephonedmetogobackhomeatonce.A.whenB.thanC.untilD.after2.(2010全国全国)Tomwasabouttoclosethewindow_hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.A.ifB.whenC.andD.till3.(2010四川四川20)Becauseoftheheavytraffic,itwasalreadytimeforlunchbreak_shegot
6、toheroffice.A.sinceB.thatC.whenD.until4.(2009福建福建,33)Shehadjustfinishedherhomework_hermotheraskedhertopractiseplayingthepianoyesterday.A.whileB.afterC.whenD.since5.Wehadhardlygotintothecinema_thefilmbegan.A.thanB.whileC.whenD.as重点重点1ACBCCwhen用法归纳用法归纳1.when从句中动词既从句中动词既可以是延续性可以是延续性也可以是也可以是非延续性非延续性;可;可
7、与主与主句同时发生也可先后发生。句同时发生也可先后发生。Whenthelessonwasover,webeganourwriting.whenwegottotheairport,theguestshadleft.1)主语主语+wasabouttodowasonthepointofdoingwhen主语主语(从句从句)+did正要做正要做突然突然2)主语主语+wasdoingwhen主语主语(从句从句)+did正在做正在做突然突然3)主语主语+haddonewhen主语主语(从句从句)+did刚做完刚做完突然突然hadhardly/scarcelydonewhen一一就就2.when=andth
8、ensuddenly突然,就在那时突然,就在那时3.when=since;consideringthat。既然,鉴于。既然,鉴于e.g.Whenhehasrefusedyourproposal,whydoyousticktoit?既然他已经拒绝了你的提议,你为何还要坚持呢?既然他已经拒绝了你的提议,你为何还要坚持呢?1.Someoneknockedatthedoor_shewascooking.A.whileB.althoughC.asifD.since2.(2012湖南湖南,28)_IalwaysfeltIwouldpasstheexam,IneverthoughtIwouldgetanA.
9、A.WhileB.OnceC.IfD.Until3.(2012四川四川,4)Atschool,somestudentsareactive_someareshy,yettheycanbegoodfriendswithoneanother.A.soB.whileC.althoughD.asAABwhile用法归纳用法归纳 1.while引导的时间状语从句中动作必须是持续性的,且引导的时间状语从句中动作必须是持续性的,且侧重主句与从句的对比。侧重主句与从句的对比。2.while可作为并列连词,意为可作为并列连词,意为“而,却而,却”,表示对比。,表示对比。3.while可引导让步状语从句意为可引导让
10、步状语从句意为“虽然,尽管虽然,尽管”,相当,相当于于although(多置于句首)。(多置于句首)。连接词连接词when,while,as的用法区别的用法区别1.while引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,而引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词必须是延续性动词,而when引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也引导的时间状语从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的,也可以是短暂性的动词。可以是短暂性的动词。如:如:When/Whilehewaseatinghisbreakfast,heheardabignoise.WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.(不可用不可用
11、while)2.从句动作发生在主句动作之前时,只能用从句动作发生在主句动作之前时,只能用when引导引导,不可用不可用as或或while.如如:Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.3.表示表示“随着随着”,或,或“一边一边一边一边”时,连词只能用时,连词只能用as。如:如:Astheelectionapproached,theviolencegotworse.4如果主句表示的是短暂动作,而从句为延续性动作的进行如果主句表示的是短暂动作,而从句为延续性动作的进行时表示正在进行的动作时,时表示正在进行的动作时,when,while与与as可互换使
12、用。可互换使用。如:如:When/While/AsIwasreading,someonecalledme.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears_itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.whenbefore的用法小结的用法小结1:Itwas/lasted/seemed+段时间段时间+beforesbdidsth 2:Itwasnot+段时间段时间+beforesbdidsth3:Itwill/maybe+段时间段时间+beforesbdoessth4:Itwontb
13、e+段时间段时间+beforesbdoessth 过了过了才才没过没过就就要过要过才才要不了要不了就会就会C重点重点25:表示表示“还未来得及还未来得及就就”,HejumpedintothewaterbeforeIcouldstophim6:表示表示“趁还没趁还没”。Youshoulddoitbeforeitistoolate.7:表示表示“一一就就”、“刚刚刚刚就就”。与。与hardly,scarcely连用连用Hehadhardlygonetobedbefore(=when)thedoorbellrang8.表示表示“不知不觉多少时间已经过去了不知不觉多少时间已经过去了”。Timepass
14、edquicklyandthreemonthswentbybeforeheknewit since的用法小结的用法小结 1:主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时主句一般用现在完成时,从句用一般过去时Hehasstudiedveryhardsincehecametoourschool.2:固定句型:固定句型:Itis/hasbeen段时间段时间sincesbdid自从某人做自从某人做已经已经Itis4yearssincehejoinedthearmy.*Itishalfamonthsincehewasill他病愈已有半月。他病愈已有半月。重点重点3since从句中为非延续性动词,表从句中为非延
15、续性动词,表自从自从.已有多已有多长时间长时间;从句中为延续性动词如从句中为延续性动词如live,be,smoke等时意思为:等时意思为:不不已有多长时间了已有多长时间了。Its3yearssincehebegantosmoke.Its3yearssincehesmoked.他抽烟已经三年了他抽烟已经三年了他戒烟已经三年了他戒烟已经三年了bythetime(到到为止)为止)用法用法bythetime从句用从句用过去时过去时,主句用主句用过去完成时过去完成时从句用从句用一般现在时一般现在时,主句的谓语动词用,主句的谓语动词用将来将来完成时。完成时。Bythetimeyoucameback,Iha
16、dfinishedthisbook.Bythetimeyoucomeheretomorrow,Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.到你回来时,我已经写完这本书了。到你回来时,我已经写完这本书了。你明天来这儿的时候你明天来这儿的时候,我将已经完成此工作了。我将已经完成此工作了。重点重点41.(01北京春北京春)DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher?Yes.Igaveittoher_Isawher.A.whileB.themomentC.suddenlyD.once2.(1998上海上海)Ithoughtherniceandhones
17、t_Imether.A.firsttimeB.forthefirsttimeC.thefirsttimeD.bythefirsttime3._enteredtheofficewhenherealizedthathehadforgottenhisreport.A.HehardlyhadB.HadhehardlyC.HardlyhadheD.HardlyhehadB BC CC C重点重点5:小结:小结:1一些词,如一些词,如themoment,theminute,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,hardlywhen,scarcelywhen,n
18、osoonerthan等也可引导一个时等也可引导一个时间状语从句,相当于间状语从句,相当于assoonas的意思。的意思。2一些含有一些含有time的名词短语,如的名词短语,如everytime,eachtime,nexttime,bythetime等,以及等,以及theday,theyear,themorning等,也可引导一个时间状语从句。等,也可引导一个时间状语从句。Thedayhereturnedhome,hisfatherwasalreadydead.Nexttimeyoucome,pleasebringyourcomposition.3.如果如果hardly或或nosooner或或
19、scarcely置于句首,句子必置于句首,句子必须用部分倒装结构。须用部分倒装结构。HardlyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.1.(03北京春北京春)Washisfatherverystrictwithhimwhenhewasatschool?Yes.Hehadneverpraisedhim_hebecameoneofthetopstudentsinhisgrade.A.afterB.unlessC.untilD.when2.(2011上海)上海)Ifalotofpeoplesayafilmisnotgood,Iwontbothertoseeit,orIllwait
20、_itcomesoutonDVD.A.thoughB.whetherC.afterD.until3.Itwasnot_shetookoffherdarkglasses_Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;thenC CD DB B重点重点6小结:小结:till,until和和notuntil:1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时,主句的动词引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时,主句的动词是延续性动词,表示动作或状态一直持续到是延续性动词,表示动作或状态一直持续到until/ti
21、ll所所表示的时间,意为表示的时间,意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止止”。如:。如:Wewaiteduntilhecame.2用于否定句时,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,从句用于否定句时,主句谓语动词是非延续性动词,从句为肯定,意为为肯定,意为“某动作直到某时间才开始某动作直到某时间才开始”。如:。如:Hewontgotobedtill/untilshereturns.3till不可以置于句首,而不可以置于句首,而until可以。可以。4notuntil句型中的强调和倒装说法:句型中的强调和倒装说法:ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadan
22、yideaofit.NotuntilyoutoldmedidIhaveanyideaofit.条件状语从句条件状语从句1.(2012福建福建,30)ItishardfortheGreekgovernmenttogetoverthepresentdifficulties_itgetsmorefinancialsupportfromtheEuropeanUnion.A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.since2.(2012江西江西,31)Youcanborrowmycar_youpromisenottodrivetoofast.A.unlessB.evenifC.incaseD.asl
23、ongas3.Hadhefollowedmyadvice,hewouldnthavemadesuchamistake.1.unless相当于相当于ifnot,意思是,意思是“除非除非”“如果不如果不就就”。2.条件句中虚拟语气的运用及连接词条件句中虚拟语气的运用及连接词if的省略。的省略。小结小结重点重点7BD让步状语从句让步状语从句1.(2012陕西陕西,18)Hot_thenightairwas,wesleptdeeplybecauseweweresotiredafterthelongjourney.A.althoughB.asC.whileD.however2.(2012全国课标全国课标
24、,25)Idontbelievewevemetbefore,_Imustsayyoudolookfamiliar.A.thereforeB.sinceC.althoughD.unless3.(2012湖南湖南,32)_hardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.A.HoweverB.WhateverC.WhicheverD.Whenever4.(2012北京北京,21)-Lookatthoseclouds!-Dontworry._itrains,wellstillhaveagreattime.A.E
25、venifB.AsthoughC.IncaseD.Ifonly重点重点8CCAA小结小结1.althoughthough引导的让步状语从句中,主句不可用引导的让步状语从句中,主句不可用but.若要若要强调前后两部分的对比意义,可在主句前加强调前后两部分的对比意义,可在主句前加yet或或still。如:如:Althoughhehasalotofmoney,yetstillheisunhappy.althoughthough引导的让步状语从句常使用省略形式。引导的让步状语从句常使用省略形式。(从句主语与主句主语一致时)(从句主语与主句主语一致时)如:如:Althoughtired,hekepton
26、working.2.asthough引导让步状语从句时,从句往往放在主句的前面,而且引导让步状语从句时,从句往往放在主句的前面,而且用作让步的部分总是提前到句首。用作让步的部分总是提前到句首。如:如:Oldasheis,heisstillenergetic.Tryashemight,hecouldntsolvetheproblem.Cleveboyasheis,hedoesntworkhardatall.3.nomatterwh-与与wh-ever的联系及区别的联系及区别:nomatterwh-只引导让步状语从句,此时与只引导让步状语从句,此时与wh-ever通用。通用。如如:Nomatter
27、when/Wheneverhecomesback,heishappy.wh-ever又可引导名词性从句,而又可引导名词性从句,而nomatterwh-不能。不能。如:如:WhateverIcandoforyouwillbenothingbutpayingadebt.其他状语从句其他状语从句Asifasthough引导的方式状语从句中,如表真引导的方式状语从句中,如表真实情况用陈述语气;如非真实情况用虚拟语气。实情况用陈述语气;如非真实情况用虚拟语气。如:如:Itsgettingdarkeranddarkerintheskyasifitsgoingtorain.shespeaksasifshek
28、neweverythingintheworld.Sothatsuchthat引导的结果状语从句中,引导的结果状语从句中,如果如果so或或such连接的部分置于句首时,主句半倒连接的部分置于句首时,主句半倒装。如:装。如:Sobeautifulalittleboyishethateveryonelikeshim.难点一难点一状语从句的时态问题状语从句的时态问题1.The house could fall own soon if no one _ some quick repair work.(04全国IV)A has done B is doing C doesD had done 2.It i
29、s almost five years _ we saw each other last time.(05北京春季)A.before B.since C.after D.when 在条件,时间和让步从句中,用一般现在时表示一般将在条件,时间和让步从句中,用一般现在时表示一般将来时,用现在完成时表将来完成时,用一般过去时表过去来时,用现在完成时表将来完成时,用一般过去时表过去将来时。在将来时。在since引导的时间状语从句中,动词一般都用引导的时间状语从句中,动词一般都用一般过去时,而主句常用现在完成时。一般过去时,而主句常用现在完成时。CB难点二难点二 状语从句的倒装问题状语从句的倒装问题1.
30、So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English.(01 上海)A.I have felt B.have I felt C.I did feel D.did I feel2.Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was.(95 NMET)A.did the villagers realize B.the villagers realized C.the villa
31、gers did realize D.didnt the villagers realizeDA难点三难点三状语从句与并列句的区别状语从句与并列句的区别1.Though he is in his sixties,_ he works as hard as a young man A.yet B.but C.and D.and yet2.Excuse me for breaking in,_ I have some news for you.A.so B.and C.but D.yetACpracticeThankyou!Thankyou!Bye bye!Bye bye!Bye bye!Bye bye!