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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。,Subject-verb Agreement,主谓一致,第1页,Subject-Verb Agreement,主谓一致是指句子_与_在_和_上必须保持一致,主谓一致三个标准:,1.语法一致,2.意义一致,3.就近标准,谓语动词,主语,人称,数,第2页,The boy,_ diving.,The boys,_ diving.,is,are,语法一致,主语为,单数或复数,时，其,谓语动词要,与其相呼应,。,第3页,1.and,1.两个主语表示不一样人、物、概念,e.g.,Time and tide,wait,for no man.(岁月不饶人),The writer and,the,translator,are,delivering a speech tonight in our school.,2.两个主语表示同一人、同一物、同一概念,e.g.,The writer and translator,is,delivering a speech tonight in our school.,One more,fork and knife,is,on the table.,（一副刀叉）,War and peace,is,often peoples topic.,（战争与和平）,第4页,1.and,3.并列名词前有noand(no);everyand(every);each and(each)修饰时，谓语普通用单数,e.g.,Every man and(every)woman _(have)the same rights.,has,第5页,语法一致 2,主语+with(together with/along with),as well as,like,not,but,except,including,rather than,other than,besides,in addition to 结构中，谓语与前面主语一致,e.g.,I,as well as they,_(be)ready to help you.,The students along with the teacher _(be)required the meeting.,Nobody but Jim and Tom _(be)on the playground at that time.,am,are,was,第6页,every one,everybody,everything,anyone,anybody,anything,no one,nobody,nothing,some one,somebody,something,(none,neither除外),等不定代词及,each,the other,作主语时，谓语动词用,单数,形式。如：,Nothing,in the box,is,mine.,Someone,wants,to see you.,语法一致 3,第7页,none 和 neither 作主语时，谓语可用单数也可用复数，但假如修饰是不可数名词只用单数,e.g.,None,of us,is/are,perfect.(人无完人),None,of,the information,has,been received.,语法一致 3,第8页,more than one;many a修饰名词，复数含义，不过谓语用单数,e.g.,Many a student _(be)in the classroom.,More than one mother _,(receive)the flowers.,is,语法一致 4,receives,第9页,不定式（短语），动名词（短语），从句作主语时，谓语用单数,e.g.,To read English aloud every morning _(do)you a lot of good.,Serving the people _(be)my great happiness.,When and where we will have a picnic,_,_,(be not)decided yet.,语法一致 5,does,is,has not been,第10页,*,当,what引导句子做主语，若后面是,“be+名词”结构时，谓语随名词改变,。,e.g.,What you need are,these dictionaries,.,语法一致 5,第11页,由kind（form，type，sort，species，portion，series）of 等修饰主语，谓语由这些词决定,e.g.,This kind of apples _,(sell)well.,A series of plays _(be)to be on show next week.,语法一致 6,sells,is,第12页,a(large/small/vast)quantity of,或,Large quantities of,谓语由quantity形式决定,e.g.,A large quantity of,oil,was,put into the soup.,A large quantity of apples,w,as,in the basket.,Large,quantities,of oil,were,put into the soup.,Large,quantities,of apples,were,in the basket.,语法一致 7,第13页,trousers,pants(裤子),shoes,glasses,gloves,stockings,scissors(剪刀)等词作主语时谓语用复数，但假如名词前有 a(the)pair of等量词修饰时，谓语动词用复数,e.g.,My glasses,are,broken.,The,scissors,are,sharp.,The,pair,of shoes under the bed,is,mine,.,语法一致 8,第14页,谓语动词单复数,取决于主语所表示概念,，而不取决于表面语法标志,意义一致,第15页,集合名词,(family,team group,crowd public,government,band,company.),若强调整体，谓语动词用单数,若强调个体，谓语动词则用复数,e.g.The group,is,(be)made up of nine students.,The group,are,(be)dancing happily.,意义一致 1,第16页,单复数同形名词deer,sheep,fish,series系列,species物种,means伎俩,works工厂,aircraft飞行器,做主语,时，视其表示意义而判断谓语动词单复数。,e.g.,A new,means,has been,used.,Many means,have,not come into effect.,意义一致 2,第17页,physics,politics,mathematics等一些以“-ics”结尾词，指,学科,时属单数，谓语动词用,单数,。,Physics,is,not difficult to learn.,Mathematics,is,a subject studied in nearly every school.,注：若指,某学科能力，成绩，应用等或非学科含义,时被看作复数，谓语惯用,复数,。,My mathematics,are,week.,What,are,your politics?政治信仰/看法,意义一致 3,第18页,意义一致 4,主语是疑问代词who,what,which,不定代词some,all,more,most,any,none等以及名词half,part,the rest等既可表示复数意义又可表示单数意义，其谓语视它们所代指名词而定。,Eg:,Which,is,more valuable,health or wealth?,Which,are,prettier,these or those?,We had some paper,and,the rest,was,put back.,第19页,意义一致 4,第20页,意义一致 5,the number of,（.数量）,the variety of(种类),用单数谓语，,a number of,（许多，大量）,a variety of,（各种各样.)用复数谓语,1.,The number of,traffic accidents _(have)increased.,2.,A number of,children _(like)this song.,3.There,are,a variety of,toys on sale in that shop.,4.,The variety of,goods on sale in that shop,is,surprising.,has,like,第21页,意义一致 6,第22页,意义一致 6,表示时间，金钱，距离，重量等复数名词作主语时，被,看作整体,时谓语用,单数,Sixty year,s,is,a long time.,Ten dollar,s,is,enough for him.,Three thousand mile,s,is,a long distance.,Fifty kilogram,s,is,not too long to be carried.,*,如,强调详细数目,，则用,复数,。,One hundred cents,make,a dollar.,More than fifty years,have,passed since they got married.,第23页,The new,is,sure to replace the old.,“the+形容词/分词”表示一类人，谓语用复数,eg.the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the disabled,the sick,The sick,have been,cured and,the lost,have been,found.,但假如指,事物或抽象概念,时,谓语动词用,单数,.,意义一致 7,第24页,Neither the students nor the teacher _(know)what happened.,There _(be)an apple,two bananas,five oranges in the basket.,就近标准,指谓语动词单复数取决于离它,最近词语,，而无须考虑其它词,knows,is,第25页,就近标准 1,第26页,就近标准 2,第27页,并列主语中谓语应与哪个保持一致？,1.You or he _ to blame.,你或他有一人要受责备。,2._ you or he to blame?,受责备是你还是他？,Ais，Is Bare，Are,Cis，Are D are，Is,答案：,C,，就近一致,第28页,谓语应该跟主语一致还是跟表语一致?,We Chinese _ a hard-working people,Ais Bare,Cis being Dare being,此题应选,B,。主谓一致（即谓语与主语保持一致），而不是表谓一致（即不是谓语与表语一致），本题意为：我们中国人是一个勤劳,民族,。,第29页,The teacher with two students _ at the meeting.(was/were),2.A woman with a baby in her arms _ waiting for the bus in the rain.,Awas Bwere Chas Dhave,3.E-mail,as well as the telephones,_ an important part in daily communication.,A.is playing B.have played,C.are playing D.play,was,A,A,Exercise and Rules,第30页,Exercise and Rules,3.Reading English papers and magazines _helpful to our study of English.(is/are),4.Whether he comes or not _ of no matter.(is/are),5.To say _ one thing;to do _another.(is/are),6.Listening,speaking,reading and writing _four skills for English study.(is/are),7.Where to find the plant and what to do with it _still the problems to settle,.,(is/are),is,is,is,is,are,are,第31页,Exercise and Rules,8.Many a boy _ made such a funny experiment.,A.have B.are C.has D.is,9.Every means _ been tried since then.,A.has B.were C.was D.has been,10.Each actor and(each)actress_ invited to our school.(is/are),11.Every boy and(every)girl _ got a toy train.(has/have),12.No teacher and no student _ to have classes on Sunday.(agree/agrees),C,A,is,has,agrees,第32页,Exercise and Rules,15.70 percent of the surface _covered with water.（is/are),16.70 percent of the farmers _ improved their living conditions.(have/has),17.The rest of his journey _ pleasant.(was/were),18.The rest of the girls _ fond of music.(is/are),19.All of your work _well done.(is/are),20.All of your answers _ correct.(is/are),is,have,was,are,is,are,第33页,Exercise and Rules,23.Either the girl or the boy _ from Canada.(is/are),24.Not only the door but also the windows _ open.,(is/are),25.Neither you nor I _ the answer.(knows/know),26.Not you but I _wrong.(am/are/is),You or he _ to take part in the competition.(is/are),is,are,know,am,is,第34页,
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