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,按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,*,按一下以編輯母片,第二層,第三層,第四層,第五層,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考!,按一下以編輯母片標題樣式,按一下以編輯母片,第二層,第三層,第四層,第五層,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考!,英語發音與口語表達,新北市英語研習,李 櫻,1/45,怎样掌握英語語音特色,學好發音真正關鍵：,-,足夠而不斷反覆語言接觸,-,正確而清楚模仿標,-,正確學習方法：,掌握英語語音結構特色，,知道該聽什麼、該注意哪些語音特質,2/45,(,一,),母音和子音,語音發音基礎：,氣流：氣流送出方法有何不一样？,喉頭是否用力？,受力部位置在哪裡？,嘴型：開合程度有何不一样？,嘴型是否有所改變？,3/45,母音發音教學要領：,善用,嘴型,引導學生掌握關鍵語音特質,嘴巴開合程度,嘴巴形狀,臉頰肌肉鬆緊,以字母為例：,A B,C,D,E,G F,H,J,K P,T,V,X L,M,N,S,母音對比關鍵：,gate/get beat/bit,late/let seat/sit,4/45,英語母音對比特質,(1),緊,vs.,鬆,(tense vs.lax),b,ea,t,vs.,b,i,t,sheep,vs.,ship,g,a,te,vs.,g,e,t,paper,vs.,pepper,f,oo,d,vs.,f,oo,t,pool,vs.,pull,b,oa,t,vs.,b,ough,t pole vs.Paul,(2),舌位高低,s,e,t,vs.,s,a,t,bed,vs.,bad,c,o,lor,vs.,collar,cup,vs.,cop,mother,vs.,father,5/45,短詞、短句練習,1.,Make,a,cake,.,Eat,the,cake,.,Eat it,please.,2.,Take,a,break,.,Give,us a,break,.,3.,Bread,and butter.Have some,brea,d or,cake,.,4.Let,s taste it.Let,s test it.,5.Pl,ea,se,make,your,bed,.,6.It,s a nice,bed,.It,s a,bad,bed,.,7.,Sell,the books.There,s big,sale,.,8.B,e,tty,sat,on the,bed,.David,sat,at his d,e,sk.,9.Jenny is s,e,tting the t,a,ble.,10.I,made,an,apple,pie and a,banana,cak,e.,6/45,短詞、短句練習,1.,Paul,just,bought,a,boat,.,2.,Jane,was,caught,in the heavy,rain,.,3.Janet,told,me to sell the,coat,.,4.,Old,Mr.,Brown,taught,me a lot of new,tricks,.,5.,Amy,bought,a new dress from the big,sale,.,6.,David,and Tim often,fought,violently.,7.Jenny,thought,her brother would,call,her.,8.,Wait,a,se,cond,please.,9.,Wait,a,mo,ment,please.,10.Take it with you.Take it or leave.,7/45,What do we learn from names?,Amy,Jane,Jamie,Kate,Katie,David,Jamie,Peter,Eve,Jean,Eugene,Tim,Kim,Jenny,Sherry,Jenifer,Jessie,Terry,Ken,Sam,Pat,Katherine,Thomas,Tom,Paul,Paula,8/45,英語子音結構特質,(1),英語子音主要對比特質,:,帶聲,(voicing)vs.,送氣,(aspiration),p,ie,vs.,buy,p,ie vs.s,p,y,a,pp,le,(c.f.,b,uy,),9/45,英語,語音組合規律（音節結構）,（,1,）,音節結尾阻塞子音,boo,k,bir,d,do,g,li,k,e,no,t,eboo,k,ho,t,dog textbook,Ni,c,e to mee,t,you.,10/45,英語,語音組合規律（音節結構）,(2),子音群,/tr/,tr,ee,tr,y,tr,ay,/dr/,dr,ess,dr,y,dr,ive,/r/,thr,ee,thr,ow,/r/,與,/l/,子音群,/pr/,/pl/,pr,ay,pl,ay,/kr/,/kl/,cr,owd,cl,oud,/fr/,/fl/,fr,uit,fl,ute,11/45,英語,語音組合規律（音節結構）,（,3,）音節結尾鼻音,m,n,na,m,e ga,m,e ti,m,e,fro,m,proble,m,(,必須閉唇,),brown town town sound count,12/45,短詞、短句練習,Pick up the book.He picked up the book.,Please set the table.Please eat the cake.,Take the cake/your lunch with you.,What do you want?What is it that you want?,Once upon a time,there was a king who had,It is a nice swimming pool.,Betty didn,t want this story book.,I need a hot bath/I need some cold water.,13/45,(,二,),語言中語調與節奏特色,每個語言都有其特有韻律與節奏。,漢語系統語言,:,聲調,:,國語四聲,(,表達字辭意義,),媽 麻 馬 罵,國語節奏,-,輕聲與非輕聲,父亲 媽媽 東西,14/45,國內學習者語調學習問題,:,漢語聲調和英語語調混同,例一,:,字母讀法,CNN ABC NBC BMW AIT AIDS,第一聲,(,高平調,)?,第四聲,(,高降調,)?,第二聲,(,上揚調,)?,例二,:,語句讀法,I go to school every day.,Are you going tomorrow?,15/45,英語重音與節奏,節奏特色：重,vs.,輕,急,vs.,緩,高楊,vs.,低降,英語重音和節奏息息相關：,重音節：語音較響亮,(,音量,),音調較高亢,(,音高,),速度較緩慢,(,音長,),*,母音較清楚,16/45,英語語調特質：,以整個語句或語詞組為單位,表達語句整體句法言談功效或說話者態度,Are you a teacher?/,Youre a teacher.vs.Youre a teacher?/,Want some coffee?/,Red wine?/White wine?/,17/45,英語語調溝通功效：,上揚語調,(,或高平調,):,未完成、不確定,(,如列舉、正反問句,),有所保留、委婉客氣,(,如接待人員談話,),下降語調,已結束、確定,(,如直述句,),較正式、必定,18/45,英語語調教學舉例：,1.,字母或縮寫,:(,列舉、該單位还未結束,),ABC ABCD ABCDEFG,CNN ABC BMW,Cf.CNN News Center/ABC news report,Its a BMW./I like my BMW very much.,How do you spell the word book/pen/apple?,B-o-o-k./P-e-n./A-p-p-l-e.,19/45,英語語調舉例：,2.,說話者對語句內容有疑問：正反問句,Do you like it?(You like it?),Is he your friend?(He is your friend?),Some coffee?,Red wine?White wine?,20/45,英語語調舉例：,3.,說話者對語句內容相當確定：直述句,Yes,I like it very much.,No,he isnt (my friend).,Give me some coffee/red wine/white wine.,4.,說話者對語句內容大致確定，,只須詢問某一特定訊息：,wh-,問句,Whats your name?/How are you?,Who is he?/When are you leaving?,21/45,英語語調舉例：,5.,說話者態度,上揚語調,:,驚訝、不確定、委婉、親切,下降語調：,確定、果斷,語調社會意涵：,性別、年齡、場合、交談雙方之關係,22/45,u,英語語調舉例：,範例,1,：,This is a bird and a tree.,The bird is little.,It is red.,It is in the tree.,The tree is green.,The bird is singing.,23/45,範例,2,：,Close your eyes and open your ears.,Its time for a story.,No,Im not going to read it to you;,you will listen to it on a CD,MP3,or cassette.,Sound like a great idea?,Well,in todays world,anything is possible,24/45,四、從聽音、字母拼讀到篇章閱讀,由上而下,vs.,由下而上閱讀策略,(top-down vs.bottom-up),-,整體性訊息了解應優先於故事細節掌握,語調、重音、節奏、斷句與句法及篇章關係亲密,-,語言音韻節律常透露語用訊息,-,重音、語調、停頓等有助於句法習得,聽音遊戲由整體語言傾聽著手，從句子和韻文故事練習，建立語音知覺同時，同時掌握跨越單字範圍語音現象，有利於語調、重音、節奏、斷句習得,25/45,歌謠韻文,:,Im a little teapot,short and stout.,Heres my handle,heres my spout.,When the tea is ready,hear me shout.,Pick me up and pour me out!,重音、語調、停頓等常反应,詞組結構,關係,:,Close your eyes and open your ears.,Its time for a story.,26/45,聆聽故事：,*,注意語調、節奏、重音所透露之語意語用訊息,*,在故事進行中適時融入字母拼讀評量,The,W,ishing,W,ell,A,mouse,once found a,w,ishing,w,ell.,“Now all of,m,y wishes can co,m,e true!”she cried.,She threw a penny into the,w,ell and,m,ade a,w,ish.“OUCH!”said the,w,ishing,w,ell.,27/45,The next day the,mouse,ca,m,e back to the,w,ell.She threw a penny into the,w,ell and,m,ade a,w,ish.“OUCH!”said the,w,ell.,-,The next day the,mouse,ca,m,e back again.She threw a penny into the,w,ell.“I,w,ish this,w,ell would not say ouch,”she said.,“OUCH!”said the,w,ell.“That hurts.”,“What shall I do?”cried the,mouse,.“My,w,ishes,w,ill never ever co,m,e true this,w,ay.”,28/45,The,mouse,ran ho,m,e.She took the pillow fro,m,her bed.“This may help,”said the,mouse,and she ran back to the,w,ell.,The,mouse,threw the pillow into the,w,ell.Then she threw a penny into the,w,ell and,m,ade a,w,ish.,“Ah.That feels,m,uch better!”said the,w,ell.,“Good!”said the,mouse,.“Now I can start,w,ishing.”,29/45,After that day the,mouse,m,ade,m,any,w,ishes by the,w,ell.And every one of the,m,ca,m,e true.,30/45,But the next morning his friends laughed at him.,Francine called him four-eyes.,“Sissy,”shouted Buster.,None of Arthurs friends wore glasses.,31/45,No one in his family wore glasses,either.,Arthur felt awful.,He didnt care if he could see.,He didnt want to be called four-eyes.,Arthur decided he would lose his glasses.,32/45,Arthur put his shirt in the laundry.,In the front pocket were his glasses.,His mother found them the next morning.,“You have to be more careful,Arthur.,Youre lucky they werent broken.”,33/45,That day at school,Arthur hid his glasses in his lunchbox.,He told his teacher he forgot them.,But now things were harder to see than ever.,When Arthur walked down the hall to the boys room he had to count the doors.,34/45,He opened the door.,Francine was talking.,What was Francine doing in the boys room?,“Get out of her!”screamed Francine.,“This is the girls room!”,35/45,Arthur bumped into the wall.,He couldnt find the door.,Now all the girls were screaming.,Out in the hall,doors opened.,Teachers ran out.,36/45,The principal appeared.,Everyone was looking at Arthur.,Arthur turned red.,He wanted to hide.,The principal took Arthur to his office.,37/45,Then Arthurs teacher talked to him.,“Why dont you keep your glasses in a case in your pocket,as I do?”,“You wear glasses?”asked Arthur.,“Yes,for reading,”said his teacher.,He took them out.They looked just like Arthurs.Brown.,Suddenly Arthur felt better.,38/45,He went to his lunchbox and put on his glasses.,In gym Arthur made ten baskets.,Francine made four.,That afternoon Arthur didnt need Francine to read the problems on the board.,39/45,He got every one right.,Arthur could see Francines paper.,She missed two.,After school Francine asked Arthur to be on her team.,“Ill consider it,”said Arthur.,40/45,The next morning Arthur was very surprised when he saw Francine.,“Theyre my movie star glasses,”said Francine.,“But there isnt any glass in them,”said Arthur.,“It doesnt matter.They help me concentrate and make me look beautiful,”said Francine.,41/45,That afternoon a photographer took the class picture.,“Just a minute,”said Arthur.,He took out his glasses.,He carefully polished them and put them on.,“Everyone ready?”asked the photographer.,“Wait!”said Francine.,She ran to get her purse.,42/45,She took out her movie star glasses.,“Okay,Im ready too!”said Francine.,“Smile!”said the photographer.,43/45,五、結語,英語語音能力是字母拼讀教學基礎，也是詞彙、句型學習必備能力。,語音訓練和字母拼讀須確實融入整體教學活動中。,發音和拼讀評量應可更為靈活多元，不侷限於課本中少數單字記憶，以確實培養學生聽音、辨音能力，掌握字母組合和語音組合形式連結。,44/45,祝各位老師,教學成功、愉快,!,45/45,
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