地埋式一体化生活污水处理装置的应用.docx

浅议地埋式一体化装置在生活污水处理中的应用内容提要：鲁山爆破器材公司采用了地埋式一体化装置技术，治理生活污水，污水经调节池调节后通过潜污泵送至地埋式一体化生活污水处理装置进行处理，处理后使污水达到国家污水综合排放标准（GB8978-1996）和生活杂用水水质标准CJ/T48-1999中的要求，之后用泵抽至地面的蓄水池，用于厂区绿化、锅炉除尘器补水、道路洒水，没有废水外排。关键词： 地埋式一体化装置 生活污水处理 应用中平能化集团爆破器材公司，是国家定点爆破器材生产企业，由于原来厂址塌陷，故要求将该公司整体搬迁。搬迁之后生活污水规模约为99m/d，其主要来源为职工食堂、卫生间、浴室和办公生活等废水。污水中含有泥沙、油脂、皂液、食物屑、病菌等杂物，体现在水质指标上，即生化需氧量（BOD5）、化学需氧量（COD）、悬浮物（SS）含量高，氮、磷含量高，富营养化。若不经处理，直接排入水体和土壤，将使水体和土壤中有机物浓度过高，而使水体和土壤富营养化，因此要对该污水进行治理。1地埋式一体化处理装置工艺流程及工艺优点1.1工艺流程地埋式一体化生活污水处理设备是以A/O生化工艺为主，集生物降解污水沉降、氧化消毒等工艺于一体的生活污水处理装置。本装置采用生化法原理处理生活污水，利用污水中自有的微生物菌，经过一定培养使之迅速繁殖成为具有一定活性的好氧菌，好氧菌通过吸附污水中的有机物及空气和水中的氧，进行生物氧化、分解，一部分生成二氧化碳、水和无机物，另一部分则生成新的具有一定活性的生物膜，继续进行降解污水中的污染物。污水经过格栅依次进入A池和O池。在O池内，好氧菌附着在填料表面上生长，并形成生物膜，在充氧的条件下，污水以一定的流速流过填料与生物膜接触，使污水中的有机物得到降解，同时生物膜中的好氧菌得到进一步繁殖，经过好氧处理后的污水进入沉淀池进行沉淀，澄清水经过消毒，将达标的处理水排至蓄水池。其工艺流程图如下： 此装置共有七部份组成：（1）初沉池；（2）A级生化池；（3）O级生化池；（4）二沉池；（5）消毒池、消毒装置；（6）污泥池；（7）风机房组成。具体解析如下： （1）初沉池：初沉池为竖流式沉淀池，污水在沉淀池的上升流速为0.30.4毫米/秒，沉淀下来的污泥提升至污泥池。 （2）A级生化池：缺氧池为脱氮处理而设置，池内设置YDT型立体弹性填料，作为反硝化细菌的载体，硝化液中回硝态氨和亚酸态氧在反硝化细菌的作用下，还原成氮气，达到脱氮的目的，缺氧池有效停留时间为2.53.5h，溶解氧控制在0.5mg/L。 （3）O级生化池：污水自流至接触池进行生化处理，接触池分为三级，停留时间为8h，（加强型设备接触氧化时间可达812h）填料为新颖弹性填料，易结膜，不堵塞，接触氧化池气水比在15：1左右。 （4）二沉池：生化后的污水流到二沉池，二沉池为竖流式沉淀，表面负荷为1.0m3/m2.h，排泥提升至污泥池。 （5）消毒池、消毒装置：消毒池按规范：“TJ14-74”标准为不小于30分钟，若是医院污水，消毒池可增加停留时间至11.5h。 消毒采用固体氯片接触溶解的消毒方式，消毒装置能根据出水量的大小不继改变加药量，达到多出水多加药，少出水少加药的目的，需要其它消毒装置可另行配制。 （6）污泥池：初沉池、二沉池的所有污泥均用空气提至WSZ-A的污泥池内进行好氧消化。污泥池的清液回流至热交换氧化池内进行再处理。消化后剩余污泥很少，一般1-2年清理一次。清理方法采用吸粪车从污泥池的检查孔伸入污泥底部，进行抽吸外运即可。（7）风机房、风机：设备风机设在消毒的上方，进口采用双层隔音，进风口有消声器、风机过滤器，因此运行时无噪音。风机采用二台转式风机，能自动交替运行。单台风机运行寿命30000小时左右。1.2 A/O工艺优点 1.2.1节省能源消耗：生物硝化、脱销所需的氧量，主要包括消化过程、内源呼吸和降解有机物时的需氧量。A/O工艺在脱销的同时降解有机物，使需氧量大大减少，是节能型的生物处理系统。1.2.2污泥沉降性能好：为了维护较高的消化率，反应停留时间比普通活性污泥法长，会发生微生物内源呼吸，污泥增长率低，剩余污泥量少，消化过程高，沉降性能好。1.2.3节省水处理药剂：在A/O工艺中，脱销过程脱除1mg/l的NO3-N可产生3.75mg/l的碱度，硝化过程硝化1mg/l的NH4-N需消耗7.141mg/l的碱度，整个系统的碱度可以互相弥补，不必加碱中和，原污水中的有机物作为脱销时的氢供给体，不用外加碳源。1.2.4缺氧池在前，污水中的有机碳被反硝化菌所利用，可减轻其后好氧池的有机负荷。同时缺氧池中进行的反硝化反应产生的碱度可以补偿好氧池中进行硝化反应对碱度的需求。1.2.5 A/O工艺的好氧池在缺氧池之后，可以使反硝化残留的有机污染物得到进一步去除，提高出水水质。 2地埋式一体化处理装置工业性使用效果 2.1占地面积小：设备采用一体化设计，将工艺过程简化到一池，仅为传统处理方法占地面积的1/4-1/5。 2.2安装简便：完全地埋安装，配套管网少，设备上面的地表可作为绿化或其他用地，不需建房及采暖、保温。 2.3运行费用低：采用智能一体化成熟工艺、高效的水泵和风机。运行费用仅为电机能耗，水处理成本低。2.4建设投资少：该一体化生活污水处理专用设备工艺成熟、可靠，流程简单，配套设施少。2.5整个设备处理系统配有自动电器控制系统和设备故障报警系统，运行安全可靠，平时不需要专人管理，只需要适时的对设备进行维护和保养。2.6出水水质好：出水清澈透明，能达到国家污水综合排放标准（GB8978-1996）生活杂用水水质标准CJ/T48-1999中的要求。具体如下表：污水进水水质、排放标准及回用水标准CODCr(mg/l)BOD5(mg/l)SS(mg/l)动植物油(mg/l)NH3-N(mg/l)PH进水水质40025040040406-9排放标准603010010256-9回用水标准5010102065-93结束语 爆破器材公司使用地埋式一体化装置对该厂区生活污水进行处理，使出水水质达到了国家标准的要求。总之，地埋式一体化装置占地面积小、投资省、噪音低、处理效率高。为以后小型的生活污水处理提供了一条新的途径。 个人简历：姓名：邢倩倩民族：汉出生年月：1984、11、14学历：本科专业：环境工程毕业院校：河南城建学院工作单位：中平能化集团天成环保工程有限公司（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the self-discipline, removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, eight prohibition 52 are not allowed to about the content of the negative list moved into synchronization amendment . Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National Peoples solemn commitment. criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the , a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as four must eight code. Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as four must the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the partys advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how