小学英语音标(全)(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,英语国际音标与语音速成,1,英语国际音标简介,音素是语音的最小单位，一个音素就是一个音。,48,音素 元音 辅音,音标是用于标记读音的符号，也就是音素的书面符号。英语音标的作用相当于汉语的拼音。,国际音标是国际语音协会制定的一套语音符号。,26,字母 元音字母 辅音字母,音标在标注字母或单词的读音时，音标外要用方括号,或两条斜线括起来，以免与单词或字母混淆。,2,元音是指发音时气流通过口腔或鼻腔时，不受任何阻碍，同时声带振动。英语中的元音共有,20,个。,辅音是指发音时，气流从肺部压出来后，通过口腔或鼻腔时受到各发音器官的阻碍，如受到唇、齿、舌、咽喉等的阻碍而形成的音。英语中的辅音音素按发音时声带是否振动可以分为,11,个清辅音和,17,个浊辅音。,清辅音发音时声带不振动，浊辅音发音时声带振动。,3,4,/,发音要诀,（,1,）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部抬高，音短促。,（,2,）双唇扁平，牙床半合，上下齿之间可放入一个小指尖。口腔肌肉松弛。,发音练习,5,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,p,i,g,b,i,g,d,i,g,k,i,d,k,i,c,k,p,i,c,k,猪,大的,挖,小孩子,踢,采摘,6,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,k,i,s,s,s,i,t,c,l,i,p,s,i,x,c,h,i,p,s,吻,坐,回形针,六,炸薯条,7,M,i,lk/milk/,牛奶,hit/hit/,打，击中,m,i,nute/minit/,分钟,city/siti/,城市,f,i,sh/fi/,鱼,hill/hil/,小山,window/wind/,窗,happy/kpi/,快乐,f,i,t/fit/,适合的,thin/,in/,瘦的,rabbit/rbit/,兔子,live/liv/,居住,I,s/iz/,是,this/is/,这个,mus,i,c/mju:zik/,音乐,h,i,s/hiz/,他的,f,i,fteen/fifti:n/,十五,8,朗读下面的句子,(1)Th,i,s,i,s a p,i,g.,(2)J,i,m,i,s as th,i,n as a p,i,n.,(3)D,i,ck often s,i,ts on the h,i,ll.,(4)B,i,ll l,i,ves,i,n th,i,s v,i,llage.,(5),I,t,i,s a p,i,ty,th,i,s c,i,ty,i,s too no,i,sy.,9,/i:/,发音要诀,(1),舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量抬高。,(2),双唇扁平，牙床几乎半合。,(3),这是长元音，发音时嘴角向旁伸，做微笑状，并要有一定的延长。,发音练习,10,me mi:,see si:sea si:,meet mi:t heat hi:t,need ni:d free fri:,feel fi:l bee bi:,11,W,e/wi:/,我们,m,e/mi:/,我（宾格）,sh,e,/i:/,她,kn,ee/ni:/,膝盖,We/wi:/,我们,Tr,ee,/tr i:/,树,Chinese/taini:z/,Sheep/i:p/,羊,thr,ee/,ri:/,三,cant,ee,n/cnti:n/,Th,e,se/i:z/,这些,12,朗读下面的句子,(1)A friend in n,ee,d is a friend ind,ee,d.,(2)Which would you like,black t,ea,or gr,ee,n t,ea,?,(3)Can you s,ee,the gr,ee,n tr,ee,?,(4)There is a k,ey,on the s,ea,t.,(5)Do you like to,ea,t m,ea,t?,13,注意事项,/,与,/i:/,发音的不同,（,1,）这是两个不同的音素，,/i:/,不是,/,的单纯加长。它们的发音口腔部位不完全相同。,（,2,）发,/,音时，口腔肌肉松弛；发,/i:/,时口腔肌肉紧张。,（,3,）,/,是短元音，发音短促；,/i:/,是长元音，发音细长。,14,15,/e/,发音要诀,（,1,）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬高。,（,2,）双唇中常，上下齿间可容下一食指，口腔肌肉松弛。,注意事项,（,1,）发,/e/,音时，口不能张得太大。,（,2,）要避免舌头随便移动，从而发成其他的双元音。,发音练习,16,朗读下面的单词,leg le,tell tel,desk desk,bed bed,bread bred,17,L,e,g/leg/,腿,e,gg/eg/,鸡蛋,B,e,d/bed/,床,d,e,sk/desk/,桌子,P,e,n/pen/,笔,e,lephant/elifnt/,大象,g,e,t/get/,获得,s,e,ven/sevn/,七,Y,e,s/jes/,是的,el,e,ven/levn/,十一,18,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,b,e,d,b,e,l,t,p,e,t,e,g,g,l,e,g,d,e,s,k,床,腰带,宠物,蛋,腿,书桌,19,朗读下面的句子,(1)It is n,e,ver too late to m,e,nd.,(2)He has alr,ea,dy passed the t,e,st.,(3)Fr,e,sh v,e,getables are good for our h,ea,lth.,(4)So m,a,ny m,e,n,so m,a,ny minds.,(5)L,e,ts g,e,t r,ea,dy for the l,e,sson.,20,/,发音要诀,（,1,）舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬高，音短促。,（,2,）双唇向两边平伸，成扁平形。上下齿间可容两指宽度。口腔肌肉松弛。,发音练习,21,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,a,d,b,a,d,s,a,d,d,a,d,b,a,g,爸爸,坏的,伤心的,广告,书包,22,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,/,b,a,t,c,a,t,c,a,p,b,l,a,c,k,蝙蝠,/,球拍,猫,帽子,黑色的,p,23,朗读下面的句子,(1),A,s a m,a,tter of f,a,ct,the m,a,n is f,a,t.,(2)The c,a,t c,a,tches a f,a,t r,a,t.,(3)A f,a,t m,a,n r,a,n after a bl,a,ck c,a,t.,(4)She h,a,s a bl,a,ck b,a,g.,(5)M,a,ck comes b,a,ck very late.,24,/,注意事项,/,不出现在重读音节中，在词首或词中时发音较模糊，在词尾时适当拖长。,发音练习,25,ago u,panda pnd,brother br,sister sist,winter wint,river riv,breakfast brekfst,26,朗读下面的句子,(1)Her young,er,sist,er,is a teach,er,.,(2)Did you forget th,e,fam,ou,s writ,er,s name?,(3)Aft,er,supp,er,he went to visit his young,er,broth,er.,(4)The,re,is an eras,er,und,er,th,e,comput,er,.,(5)Th,e,second pict,ure,drew by my broth,er,is very beautiful,27,/:/,her h:,bird b:d,work w:k,shirt:t,girl:l,skirt sk:t,28,/:n/n:s/s:v/h:t/b:d/t:m/,/h:/,/s:/,/h:d/,/:n/,29,朗读下面的句子,(1)The,ear,ly b,ir,d catches the w,or,m.,(2)There are th,ir,teen g,ir,ls in the th,ir,d picture.,(3)Please t,ur,n to page th,ir,ty and read the f,ir,st dialogue.,(4)The n,ur,se in a d,ir,ty sk,ir,t is feeding the b,ir,d.,(5)He has written th,ir,ty poems this t,er,m.,30,/,注意事项,发,/,时，声音要短促，不能拖泥带水。,发音练习,31,fun fn,bus bs,must mst,cut kt,luck lk,sun sn,son sn,duck dk,32,朗读下面的句子,(1)What c,o,lour is this b,u,s?,(2)Her s,o,n l,o,ves n,o,thing but m,o,ney.,(3)Its S,u,nday,b,u,t you m,u,st get,u,p now.,(4)Her c,ou,sin c,u,t her finger last M,o,nday.,(5)He d,o,esnt have en,ou,gh m,o,ney,but he is going to take his m,o,ther to visit the Great Wall.,33,/:/,art :t,hard h:d,star st:,card k:d,dark d:k,arm:m,start st:t,34,朗读下面的句子,(1)There is a l,ar,ge p,ar,k near the f,ar,m.,(2)A f,a,st c,ar,p,a,ssed through the p,ar,k.,(3)Her f,a,ther is counting the st,ar,s in a d,ar,k house.,(4)He didnt p,a,ss the exam,for its r,a,ther h,ar,d.,(5)Her f,ar,ther put the c,ar,d into the b,a,sket.,35,/,hot ht f,o,x,stop stp d,o,g,not nt p,o,t,box bks cl,o,ck,sorry sri,what wt,36,朗读下面的句子,(1)I got a job as a pop song singer.,(2)Barking dogs do not bite.,(3)-Whats this?,-Its a clock.,(4)There are many hot dogs in the shop.,(5)The dog stopped on the top of the hill.,37,/:/,door d:,law l:,call k:l,more m:,small sm:l,story st:ri,tall t:l,38,朗读下面的句子,(1)Look bef,ore,you leap.,(2)Its w,ar,m today.,(3)Please open the d,oor,.,(4)George s,aw,a d,oor,on the w,al,l.,(5)Y,our,d,au,ghter who is t,al,l has b,ou,ght f,our,b,al,ls.,39,/,put put,book buk,good ud,look luk,cook kuk,foot fut,40,朗读下面的句子,(1)The classr,oo,m is f,ul,l of b,oo,ks.,(2)She is a g,oo,d-l,oo,king c,oo,k.,(3)More s,u,gar sh,ou,ld be p,u,t in the coffee.,(4)He is l,oo,king for a g,oo,d b,oo,k.,(5)I s,o,metimes c,oo,k with a b,oo,k near my right f,oo,t.,41,/U:/,shoe u:,food fu:d,cool ku:l,room ru:m,noodle nu:dl,42,国际英文,26,个字母及发音音标,26,个英文字母及发音音标如下,:,A a ei B b bi:C c si:,D d di:E e i:F f ef,G g di:H h eit I i ai,J j dei K k kei L l el,M m em N n en O o au,P p pi:Q q kju:R r a:,S s es T t ti:U u ju:,V vvi:W w dblju:X x eks,Y y wai Z z zi:zed,43,以上我们可以看出,英语字母中有一些含有共同的元音音素,.,如,:1),含元音音素,ei,字母,:Aa Hh Jj Kk,音标,:eieitdei kei,2),含元音音素,i:,字母,:BbCc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv,音标,:bi:si:di:i:di:pi:ti:vi:,3),含元音音素,e,字母,:Ff Ll Mm Nn Ss Xx Zz,音标,:ef el em en es eks zed,4),含元音音素,ju:,字母,:Uu Qq Ww,音标,:ju:kju:dblju:,5),含元音音素,ai,字母,:Ii Yy,音标,:ai wai,44,/e/,make meik date deit,data deit cake keik,wait weit name neim,lake leik table teibl,45,/a/,fly flai cry krai my mai,kind kaind buy bai,46,/,boy bi toy ti oil il,noise niz voice vis,47,/,coat kut cold kuld,boat but know nu,old uld low lu,N,o,g,o,S,o O,ld,H,o,me Th,o,se r,o,se,48,/a/,out aut now nau how hau,house haus mouth mau,49,/,ear i near ni clear kli,here hi media mi:di,beer bi deer di,50,/e/,air hair h,share pear p,hardware h:dw,51,/,tour tu poor pu sure u,52,p,p,pen picture jeep map,b,b,bike bus book box,t,t,ten two boat meet,d,d,desk down bird good,k,k,cake Kate thank clock,g,g,good girl egg bag,s,s,sit see yes class,z,z,is his these zero,辅音字母：,53,/f/,f,ine,f,ive,f,our,f,amily,f,ace,f,loor,f,riend,/v/,v,ery,se,v,en,ha,v,e,lo,v,e,glo,v,e,o,v,er,ele,v,en,/,/,th,in,th,ink,th,ank,th,ree,th,irteen,th,irty,ten,th,/,th,is,th,at,th,ese,th,ose,th,ere,fa,th,er,mo,th,er,54,/m/,m,y,m,ap,a,m,ga,m,e,/n/,n,ine,n,ew,te,n,so,n,/,morni,ng,wro,ng,thi,n,k,tha,n,k,55,/h/,h,e,h,at,h,ere,h,ill,/r/,r,ed,r,ight b,r,own,r,oom,/j/,y,es,y,ou,y,our,y,ellow,/w/,w,e,w,oman,wh,ere,wh,ite,/l/,L,ook He,ll,o F,l,oor fami,l,y,56,cash k share ,she i:sheep ip,shop p fish fi,usual ju:ul leisure le,pleasure ple,57,tr,tree tri:try trai train trein true tru:,truth tru:trade treid,train trein,dr,dry drai draw dr:,drum drm dream dri:m,dress dres driver draiv,58,t,cheap ti:p search s:t,chair te,watch w:t,match mt,d,job db orange rind,Japan dpn just dst,message mesid,59,