仁爱七年级下六单元一话题知识点.doc

Unit 6 Our Local Area
Topic1 Is there a sofa in your study?
一、学习目标
1、掌握单词和重点词组
2、掌握there be的各种形式及用法
3、能熟练用英语描写房间、家庭、学校等建筑
4、熟练掌握方位介词in,on,behind,under,near,next to,in front of
二、重点词组
1. On the first floor 美式英语 一楼 floor地板，此处指“楼房的层”。英式英语用the ground floor 表示一楼
2. Why not =Why don`t you 复习其他提建议的方式
3. Go upstairs Go downstairs
4. A moment later
5. So many books 注意so和such的几个词组用法
6. You have a nice study study名词：书房 动词：学习 与learn的区别
7. In the front of the house In front of the house
8. Play with his pet dog
9. Talk about
10. Put them away put的相关词组put away, put on,put off,put down,put up
11. Look after = take care of
12. In the tree On the tree
13. On the river over the river
14. I love playing on the computer in the study play是一个多义动词，有“玩耍，运动，演出”等意思。此句中的play on the computure指的是在电脑上进行娱乐活动或做自己喜爱的事情。相关词组有play football, play the piano ,play with his dog ,play against
15. On the wall in the wall
16. I`m very glad to get a letter from you .回信时常用的客套用语，一般置于回信的开头。
17. Get a letter from sb= hear from sb 注意hear from宾语是人不是信，her of听说某人(物)，hear听到，听见，侧重听的结果。常用 hear sb doing sth/do sth
18. Tell sb about sth Tell sb to do sth Tell sb sth
19. want sb to do sth/want to do sth
三、语法知识： There be 句型的用法
There be句型是英语中常见的特殊句型，用以表示某物某事存在或不存在。句中的there只起引导作用，并无实际意义，句子的真正主语是谓语动词be后面的名词。
1、在there be 句型中,谓语动词be要与主语（某人或某物）的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时，谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。
eg.  ① There is a bird in the tree.  
    ② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.   
  ③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree.
2、There be句型与have的区别：
There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下：There be表示“某处存在某物或某人”；have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”，它表示所有、拥有关系。   eg.①He has two sons.  
   ②There are two men in the office.   
当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时，There be 句型与其可互换。
eg.   A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.
3、否定句
There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样，在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同：not是副词，no为形容词，not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如：
There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree. =There is no bike behind the tree.
4、特殊疑问句
There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化：
① 对主语提问：当主语是人时，用\"Who\'s+介词短语?\"；当主语是物时，用\"What\'s + 介词短语?\"。注意：无论原句的主语是单数还是复数，对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如：
There are many things over there. →What's over there?
There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?
② 对地点状语提问：提问地点当然用"Where is / are+主语?\"啦！例如：
There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?
There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children?
③ 对数量提问：一般有两种句型结构：
How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语？
How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语？
注：there be句型的几个特殊例子
1、there be句型与各种情态动词连用。 
 例如： There must be something wrong here． 
There might still be some vacant seats in the rear． 
There ought to be something with which to fill your stocking．
2、在由"there be ＋主语名词"引起的句子中，用来修饰主语的不定式可以用被动形式，也可以用主动形式。例如： 
There is no time to lose ／to be lost． 
There are still many things to take care of ／to be taken care of．在口语中多用主动形式。但是有时候两种形式可能表示不同的意思。试比较： 
There is nothing to do now．（We have nothing to do now．） 
There is nothing to be done now．（We can do nothing now．） 
There is nothing to see（nothing worth seeing）． 
There is nothing to be seen（nothing there at all）． 
2．在由"there be ＋主语名词"引起的句子中，用来修饰主语的分词或分词短语在意思上相当于一个定语从句。例如： 
There were 200children studying（＝who were studying）m usic，dancing，or dram atics． 
Is there anything planned（＝that has been planned）for tonight？
Topic 2 What’s your home like?
重点语法：There be 句型
① There be句型的否定句
② There be句型的疑问句
③ There be句型的就近原则
④ There be句型的反意疑问句
⑤There be句型与have/has的区分
重点短语：
be like / an apartment building/ a town house /in the surburbs/
on the street corner/ rent a house with furniture to others / keep money
重点句型 ：
①What’s your home like?
②What’s the matter ……?
③I hear you playing the piano.
④I can’t hear you ,the line is bad.
⑤I’ll get someone to check it right now .
⑥The traffic is heavy and the cost of living is high.
⑦There are many old people and many families with young children living there .
点拨：
㈠What’s your home like?
Like 动词“喜欢”，介词“像”。be like像和look like看起来像。be like 主要用来询问人的性格、外貌和事物特征。Look like 主要用来询问外貌。
㈡for rent 出租。wanted求租.rent sth to sb把某物租给某人rent sth from sb 从某人处租某物。
㈢call sb at ＋ 号码。请打......电话与某人联系。
㈣I hear you playing the piano.
hear sb doing sth听见某人正在做某事（强调动作进行）
hear sb do sth (强调全过程)
㈤Many shops and restaurants are close to my home .
be close to 离……近。close 与near 都有“靠近”的意思，但close 比near 更近。