考研英语,四六级,英语新闻2.doc

2025-2-8194. discharge sb. (from)for 因解雇, 开除 同义替换：= dismiss sb. From fordischarge原始涵义：vt.1.卸船 2.偿还 He has discharged his debts.他已把债务偿清。3.执行; 履行She discharged all the responsibilities of a minister conscientiously.她自觉地履行部长的一切职责。4.免的职，撤职；解雇，开除；使退伍 The boss discharged her because of her absence.老板因她缺勤而把她解雇了。195. fall back 撤退; in disorder 慌乱地, 狼狈不堪 fall back同义替换：= retreat=turn back造句：Our attack was so vigorous that the enemy had to fall back.我们的进攻是那样猛烈，使得敌人不得不撤退。Badly beaten, the intruders fell back in disorder.入侵者受到重创，狼狈溃退。 Chinese authorities said on Sunday that it is baseless speculation to say that an ultimatum had been given to force relatives of those who died in a fatal high-speed train crash in east China to agree to accept government compensation.周日中国政府表示，铁道部向动车事故遇难者家属下达“最后通牒”、强迫其接受政府赔偿一事纯属子虚乌有。文中的ultimatum一词即为“最后通牒”的意思，源于拉丁语，指谈判破裂前“最后的话”。在diplomatic negotiation（外交谈判）破裂前，一般一国会就某个问题用书面通知对方，限定在一定时间内接受其条件，否则就采取某种coercive measures（强制措施），比如threat of force（武力威胁），economic blockade（经济封锁），sever diplomatic relations（断绝邦交）等等。Ultimatum如今已不限于外交领域，日常生活和商务往来中也时常会用到这个词，而且一般都以dispatch/deliver/give an ultimatum to的形式出现。例如：He gave his daughter an ultimatum: unless she stopped taking drugs he would throw her out of the house.（他给女儿下了最后通牒：她要是不戒毒，就把她从家里赶出去。）The words tweeted by a passenger on high-speed train D301 on July 23 were clearly a cry for help. But they also initiated a wave of unprecedented citizen journalism on Chinas Twitter-like micro blogs。7月23日D301动车上的一名乘客发布的微博无疑是呼救，但由此在引发了微博上前所未有的“公民新闻”热潮。报道中的citizen journalism就是“公民新闻”，指从新闻的采访，写作，到最后的编辑发布，都不假手于专业记者或编辑，完全由“读者”自己采写的新闻，而这些读者则被称为citizen journalist（公民记者）。全世界第一位citizen jounalist当属1998年在其个人博客中对克林顿Zip Gate（拉链门）性丑闻曝光的美国人德拉吉。公民新闻相较于传统新闻的优点在于可以在第一时间在现场进行real-time reporting（实时报道）。相较mainstream media（主流媒体）而言，也多了更多的vividness（生动性）。在突发事件的报道中，citizen journalism正在发挥越来越重要的作用。