成高专升本英语复习习题.doc

1 形式主语：
It is quit true that he is still alive. = That he is still alive is quite true.
It is now no doubt that the economy is in recession. = That the economy is in recession is now no doubt.
对应真题：P447 2；

2 形式宾语：
We found it true that Mr. smith was an honest gentleman.
It is thought that education is to be given only in school. = Many parents think that education is to be given only in school.

3 当主句中出现command, demand, order, suggest, idea, request等或它们的名词时，从句的谓语动词用should + 动词原形。Should可省略。
1）表语从句。如：
Her idea is that you should stick to your plan.
My first request is that the young man should be given a new job.
2）主语从句也一样。如：
It is suggested that each of them should write an article.
3）宾语从句也一样。如：
She required that he should get there before dark.

4定语从句：在句子中起定语作用的主谓结构。通常修饰其前面的名词或代词，这个名词或代词称为先行词。
连接词：关系代词who, whom, that, which；关系副词when, where, why
1） 关系代词，它取决于先行词是人还是物，还取决于关系代词在从句中作何成分。
先行词是人
主语：A person who has good friends enjoys life more.
Anyone who/ that saw the car accident please call us at 289110.
宾语：I telephoned the doctor who/whom/that Jackson had recommended.
He is not the young scientist to whom I referred just now.
所有格：I have never met a woman whose figure is so beautiful.
先行词是物
主语：It is a problem that/which needs very careful consideration.
宾语：I am using the same computer that/which I have used for four years.
所有格：Have you seen the new machine whose parts are too small to be seen?
表语: The typewriter is not the machine (which) it was.
2 ） 关系副词 when, where, why在句中作状语，其先行词是表示时间、地点、理由的名词。
Winter is usually the season when many animals have sleep.
He showed me the house where his father had made cigars.
There is no good reason why she should leave so soon.
3 ）His business had failed, and he had to leave GZ to live in ZJ, where he had an uncle.
I have never been to the town where I was born.
非限定性定语从句有逗号与主句隔开，如果去掉它不会影响主句的意思。指物时用关系代词which,不用that. 关系代词不可以省略。
He looked at the sky, which was covered with dark clouds.
在非限定性定语从句中，which常用于指代前面的整个主句或主句的一部分。
He won the first prize, which we had never expected.
Some roads were flooded, which made our journey more difficult.
对应真题：P437 5

6宾语从句
连接词是that, wh-疑问词,whatever, whichever, whoever等
Many parents think that education is to be given only in school.
She explained to him what he had to do to start the car.
They offered him what he didn’t like at all.
对应真题：P447 1

7 “比较级…，比较级…”表示：“越来…越来”
如：The more the customer complained the ruder and more unpleasant the manager became.

8现在分词与过去分词

9 一些熟记的固定搭配：
Deal with, run out of, at the mercy of, be accused of, be involved in, be superior to, treat sb as, bear little relation to, take action,.

10 相同或相近的词语辨析：
Attend, participate, join, attempt
Blame, charge, accuse, arrest
Cure, treat, heal, recover
Hurt, injury, harm, wound
Lend, borrow, owe, own
Turn in, turn up turn over, turn out

11 完形填空题， 选择的根据由
1）上下文的意思上的连贯、逻辑关系、
注意however, therefore, moreover, in addition, accordingly, nevertheless,

10词性变化题目
· 前缀，一般只改变词义，不改变词性。
un :unable, unclear, uncomfortable, uncommon, unfair, unkind, unusual
in : incorrect, indirect, informal, inexact, invaluable
Im: impatient, impolite, impossible
dis: discover, disappear, dislike,
Mis: mistake, misunderstand, misuse
· 后缀，既改变词义，又改变词性
· 构成名词的常见的后缀有：
er: teacher, dancer, driver, farmer, leader, learner, manager, owner, player, singer
or: visitor, inventor, sailor
ist: artist, scientist, physicist, chemist
ness: darkness, happiness, kindness
tion: action, production, education, pollution
ment: movement, agreement, development, improvement, achievement
ship: friendship
age: marriage, carriage
ure: mixture, failure, pleasure,
(i)ty: safety, difficulty,
th: truth, length, strength, depth
ing: feeling, meeting, spelling, painting, crossing
· 构成形容词的常见的后缀有：
ful: useful, beautiful, careful, helpful, harmful,
less: hopeless, harmless, careless, useless
ish: foolish, selfish
ous: dangerous, outrageous
able: acceptable, comfortable, valuable
ly: lively, friendly
y: cloudy, sunny, funny, lucky, dirty, angry
ern: eastern, northern, southern
al: natural, medical, political, practical
ive: explosive, descriptive
· 构成副词的常见的后缀有：
ly: clearly, exactly, directly, generally, highly, slowly, usually, suddenly, easily
· 构成动词的常见后缀有：
（i）fy: solidify, simplify, classify
ize, ise: modernize, standardize, pupularize, nationalize
en: blacken, strengthen, thicken, soften, sharpen

11 中译英题目
1) 虚拟语气
对应真题：P431 70; P444 70; P454 68
2）被动语态+时态+固定短语
对应真题：P431 66; P444 67;
3）比较
对应真题：P431 67; P454 66
4）形式主语
It is hard to find
对应真题：P431 68; P444 69
5)宾语从句
对应真题：P431 69; P444 68;
6）就…而言，对…来说，
As far as its structure is concerned
For the students,