九年级英语Unit 10 Choices北京版.doc

Unit 10 Choices
一、语言知识点
Topic
Choices
Functions
Giving suggestions
Grammar
Adverbial clauses (1)
Target language
If I have time, I would talk with them on the Internet.
It's safe to make friends on the Internet if we don't give our address, phone number, and the name of our school to them.
I will go shopping with you if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
Vocabulary
personality, common, safe, share, search, choice, distinguish, case, occasionally, drugs, alcohol, teenager, relate, trust, involve, gain, confidence, temper, solve, introduce, decision, adult, either, miserable, present, unchangeable, blame, suffering, careful
二、课文讲解
    1．I only have a few friends. 我仅有几个朋友。
    a few, few, little, a little的用法
    虽然都表示“少”，但：
    （1）few, a few是可数的，little, a little是不可数的。
    （2）a few, a little含肯定意味，few, little含否定意味。这里所谓的“肯定意味”和“否定意味”应该这样来理解：同样是半杯水，口渴者会认为：There is little water in the glass. 而不口渴的人则会认为：There is a little water in the glass.
    ①few修饰可数名词复数。
    ②few (= not many; hardly any)含否定意义；a few (= some; several; a small; number of) 含肯定意义。
    ③not a few = no few = quite a few = a good few = many。
    ④当 few受 every, last, past, next, some, very等词所修饰时，表示肯定意义，few之前不再有冠词。如：
    In the last few minutes, he checked up his paper again.
    It took us some few days to repair the machine.
    They are very few in number.
    There were too few of them.
    He goes to see his grandma every few weeks.
    ⑤在非正式文体中很少见，一般用或代替，如：
    Only a few people attended the meeting.
    另外，little / a little
    Please give me a little. (作宾语)
    He knows a little of everything.
    Don't worry; you still have a little time.
    1）little修饰不可数名词，表示“量”。
    2）little含否定意义(反义词：much)；a little含肯定意义(反义词：none)。
    3）在非正式英语中，一般很少用little，常用not much, only a little来代替，如：
    We haven't got much money / time.
    选择正确答案填空：
    例1.This is ____ food in the cupboard, I must go and get some..
    A. few   B. a few  C. little   D. a little
    解析：此句空格后边的food食物是一个不可数名词，根据“少者可数，多者不可数”，我们选择C,D两个答案，而筛去A、B答案，又根据I must go and get some,我必须去买一些，说明碗柜里没有食物或食物很少了，说明此句表示的是否定，根据“少者否定，多者肯定”在C、D答案中，我们选择答案C。
    例2.The question is so difficult that _____ students can answer it.
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    解析：此句空格后面的students为可数名词，根据“少者可数多者不可数”，我们选A、B而筛去C、D，又因为The question is so difficult说明这个问题太难，题难则回答的学生太少、不多，表示否定，根据“少者否定多者肯定”故标准答案选A。
    下面提供一些练习不妨一试。
    ①. Do you want water? There is _____ left in my glass.
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    ②.There are a lot of new books, But ____ of them are easy to read.
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    ③. Please hurry up, There is _____ time left.
    A. few    B. a few    C.  little   D. a little
    ④. The box is very heavy, ____ of us can lift it.
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    ⑤. Don't worry, we still have ____ time left.
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    ⑥. There are____ books left, We can't lend you any one.
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    ⑦. Li Ping has learned Russian for four years, and he can speak ______ Russian now.
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    ⑧. There is _____ ink in my pen, Please give me______
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    ⑨. Give me another cup of tea please, There is ____ in this cup.
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    ⑩. Don't rush, There is still_____ time left.
    A. few    B. a few    C. little   D. a little
    参考答案：
    ①．D   ②．A   ③．C   ④．A    ⑤．D   ⑥．A   ⑦．D    ⑧．C、D    ⑨．C   ⑩．D
    2．Now as an adult I am having trouble in my life and can't seem to give up either. 现在我已成年，我的生活已经出现了麻烦，而且我似乎也无法戒掉。
    give up指“放弃”。例如：
    I can't answer the question. I give up. 我不会回答这个问题，我放弃。
    The doctors have given him up. 医生们说他的病不能治了。
    3．If I were you, I would give it up easily within two weeks. 如果我是你，我两周内肯定能把它（喝酒或吸毒）戒掉。
    这里if引导的从句同样也是虚拟语气，表示不能实现的可能性。
    ①虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气，用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。
    ②虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：
    If I were in your position, I would marry her.
    If I were you, I would go with him.
    If he were you, he would help me.
    4．One day those choices will make the difference. 总有一天那些选择会对你造成影响。
    make a/no/some difference to sb./sth. 表示“对某人/某事有/没有/有些作用或影响”。例如：
    The rain didn't make much difference to the game. 这场雨对比赛没有太大的影响。
    It makes no difference whether you go there today or tomorrow. 你今天还是明天去那里，关系不大。
    5．Friends need to have common hobbies. 朋友需要有共同的爱好。
    need的用法
    need一词是中学英语“四会”（听、说、读、写）词汇之一，能够充分理解和正确运用它是教学大纲的必然要求。但由于其词性多变，许多学生对它满怀疑惑，特别是在需要将句子变为否定与疑问的时候不知是在其后加not呢，还是借助助动词。
    虽然need一词的汉语意思都与“需要”有关，但就词性而言，它可用作实义动词、情态动词和名词；词性发生了变化，它的用法与在句子中所起的作用也随之改变。
    （1）用作实义动词
    作为实义动词，need后面的宾语可以是名词、动名词、动词不定式或代词，这种情况下，need既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句和疑问句，构成否定句和疑问句时要借助于助动词do或does.
    ①need sth.
    这是need最常见的用法之一，其后的宾语可以是名词，也可以是代词。如：
    We need a great deal of money now. 我们需要和多钱。
    They don't it any more. 他们不再需要它了。
    Does your father need any help? 你爸爸需要帮助吗?
    ②need doing 与 need to be done
    need后面可跟动名词作宾语，这种情况下应注意两点：
    一是主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义；
    二是该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如：
    The door needs painting.
    = The door needs to be painted. 那扇门需要油漆一下。
    Your car needs mending.
    = Your car needs to be repaired. 你的车需要维修了。
    ③need to do sth.
    作为实义动词，need后面需要接带to的动词不定式,表示有义务或责任去做某事。如：
    What do we need to take for the picnic? 野餐我们需要带些什么？
    Will we need to show our passports? 我们需要出示护照吗？
    You need to take good care of your mother. 你要好好照料你妈妈。
    （2）用作情态动词
    作为情态动词的need具有情态动词的一般性质，要充分阐释作为情态动词的need的用法，务必首先说明白情态动词的特征。情态动词的主要特征：
    ①没有人称和数的变化。不论主语是第几人称，不论主语是单数还是复数，情态都词都无形式变化。
    ②不能单独充当谓语。情态动词必须与一个实义动词一起构成复合谓语，并且这个实意动词要始终是动词原形。
    ③变为否定句时只需在情态动词之后加not。
    ④变为疑问句时只需将情态动词提到主语的前面。
    这是情态动词的共性，作为情态动词的need当然也具有这些共性。了解了这些还不够，还要掌握作为情态动词need的一个个性，就是它只能用于否定句和疑问句，或用于由if或whether引导的宾语从句中，一般不能用于肯定句。理解了这些之后，我们便可以如此区分need的词性了：只要need后面跟的是动词原形，它就是情态动词。这时，变否定，只需在其后加not；变为疑问句，只需把它移主语的前面。例如：
    Need I type this letter again? 我需要重新录入将这封信吗？
    There is enough time. You needn't hurry. 有的是时间，你不必着急。
    The president wondered whether he need send more soldiers. 总统不知道他是否要增兵。
    —Must I hand in my homework now?  现在我必须交作业吗？
    —No, you needn't. 不，你不必。
    （3）用作名词
    need作为名词，含义为“缺乏，需要”；其复数表示“基本需要”。要掌握两个词组：in (great) need of（急需）与meet the needs of(满足……的需要)。例如：
    There's no need for you to try again. 你不必再尝试了。
    The factory is in great need of funds. 那家工厂急需资金。
    This house of the 1790's can even meet the needs of the 21st century. 这栋18世纪90年代的房子甚至能够满足21世纪的需要。
    现在可能你很想知道你是否完全掌握了need的用法，请做下列练习，进行一次自我检测，将正确答案填写在题前的括号中。
    (   ) 1. You _____ any help, do you?
       A. don't need      B. needn't      C. need      D. doesn't need
    (   ) 2. —Must I stay at the office this afternoon?  —No, you ______.
       A. don't        B. needn't       C. don't need     D. can't
    (   ) 3. Tom____ get up a little earlier tomorrow.
       A. needs         B. need         C. need to      D. needs to
    (   ) 4. Need the doctor_____ with you tonight?
       A. staying       B. stay        C. stays      D. to stay  
    (   ) 5. Look! Your shirt is so dirty. It______.
       A. need washing    B. need to wash     C. needs washing  D. need wash
    (   ) 6. The supply can't ____ the demand.
       A. meet need of             B. meet the need of 
       C. meet the needs of        D. meet needs of
    (   ).7. The hospital is ____ blood.
       A. in great need of          B. on great need of
       C. in great need with        D. on great need with
    (   ) 8. Your room is full of dust. It____.
       A. need clean                  B. need cleaning
       C. need to be cleaned          D. needs to be cleaned
    (   ) 9. David _____anything to drink?
       A. Need,…\        B. Needs,…\       C. Does…need      D. Do…need
    (   ) 10. You _____  to the meeting tomorrow if you have something important to do.
       A. needn't to come                    B. don't need come  
       C. don't need coming                  D. needn't come
参考答案：1—5  ABDBC    6—10  CADCD
    6．I lost confidence in myself. 我对自己丧失信心。
    lose confidence in丧失信心
    He lost confidence in himself. 他对自己丧失信心。
    7．At that time, I couldn't make a right decision. 在那时我不能做出正确的决定。
    make a decision做决定
    I can't make a decision, can you give me some advice? 我不能做决定，你能给我点建议吗？
    8．In order to solve this problem. 为了能解决这个问题。
    solve解决，相当于work out
    Can you help me solve the problem?
    =Can you help me work out the problem?
    9．I will go shopping with you if it doesn't rain tomorrow.
    if引导的条件状语从句
    学习“if ”引导的条件状语从句的用法，现在总结一下：
    if 条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；
    条件句，放在前，逗号要放句中间。
    条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；
    条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。
    在 if 引导的条件状语从句中，如果从句谈论的是一个有可能发生的事实及其产生的相关的结果，主句用一般将来时态，从句用一般现在时态。如：
    We can walk there if we can't find a bus.
    If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo.
    What will you do if you  find a panda in danger.
    如果 if 条件句谈论的是重复发生和预示要发生的情景和事件，则主从句大多用一般现在时态。如：
    If bears are in danger, they attack people.
三、课文翻译
    主课文译文：
选择
    很多时候我们都需要做出选择。对于我们来说，分清好坏还算容易，但如何做出正确的选择，我们却总是显得不知所措。偶尔地，我们会因交友不慎而沾染上坏习惯，比如吸毒、酗酒。
    我以为，作为青少年找到自己既合得来又可以信任的人很难。也就是说找到好朋友很难。少年时，我从不酗酒或吸毒。但是随着年龄的增长，体重开始增加，于是对自己渐渐失去信心，不想与任何人交流，脾气也开始变坏。
    为了解决这个问题，父母暂时将我送到一户能帮我摆脱困境的人家。新的问题又出现了。这户人家有两个比我大的孩子，是他们让我知道了毒品和酒精。那时我无法做出正确的判断，于是开始喝酒、吸毒，以便和他们混在一起。
    很多年过去了。作为成年人，我的生活已出现了麻烦，但我也似乎无法戒掉。一旦沾上酒精或毒品，就会很容易失去朋友和亲人。我现实的生活应该说很糟糕。有时我想，如果没有交上那些朋友，我的人生又会是怎样的呢？这一切都是无法改变的。有一次弟弟抱怨我说：“如果我是你，就会很容易地在两周之内戒掉恶习。”但是他永远想象不出我的痛苦。
    朋友是你在这个世界上拥有的最重要的东西，注意选好你的朋友。对你一生做出的选择一定要谨慎，将来这些选择会影响你的一生。
    副课文译文：
照亮你的路
    假如生命可以重来，我宁愿做一支蜡烛，
    照亮你的路，让你不再迷茫无助。
    你的生活将因没有悲伤而变得美好，
    也不必与敌人再做无味的争斗。
    我会一直陪伴你，
    帮你扫清前进道路上的羁绊，
    让你的眼前，
    是一片开阔的蓝天。
    如果我照亮了你的咱，生活就会变得简单，
    即使是强劲的风，也无法把我的火焰吹灭。
    无论发生什么，我都会在你身边，
    让你忧郁时感到丝丝快乐，
    困难时不再感觉不安。
    如果道路并不平坦，
    只要记住，我永远在你身边，
    我会助你越过所有困难，
    让幸福与爱沉淀在你心田。
    除非我是你憎恶的人，
    否则就请满足我小小的要求：
    不要把我熄灭。
    我不愿意伤害任何人，
    因为这并不能获得快感。
    也许有一天你会离我而去，
    也许有一天你不再需要我的陪伴。
    如果真有那么一天，请走好，
    我会盼望着能再看见你的容颜。
    如果有一天，我不再出现，
    不要担心，不要忧虑，
    我也许离开，但是在你心底，
    我为你照明的光亮永远不会熄灭。
    这光亮或许是永恒或许只是瞬间，
    但是却带给你永生的幸福与甘甜。
    别处还需要我，今日就让我们挥手告别吧，
    如果你的生活变得暗淡，我还在你心里面。
    我并未离开，只是你没有看到我。
    我不会离开，因为我时常把你挂念。
    我只想对你诉说我心底的一份小小的期盼：
    请永远把那些给你照明的人铭记在心间。
四、练习
Ⅰ、选择题
    1．There's little water in the bottle, _____?
    A. isn't there   B. is there   C. isn't it   D. is it
    2．Li Yong ____ clean the room a moment ago.
    A. was seen   B. was seen to   C. saw   D. was saw
    3．I didn't know if he ____ me if he ____ free.
    A. would help, would be   B. would help, was   C. helped, would be   D. will help, is
    4．We have enough room _____.
    A. living   B. to live   C. living in   D. to live in
    5．The sun ____ in the west.
    A. set   B. sets   C. sinking   D. sank
    6．Could you tell me _____?
    A. when will she come back   B. where can I get to the bus to
    C. what's wrong with her     D. whose umbrella is it
    7．—How long have you ____ China?
    —Only one year.
    A. been to   B. come to   C. gone to   D. been in
    8．We are thinking of ways ____ the invention _____.
    A. making, to work   B. to make, to work    C. to make, work   D. make, work
    9．I asked both Mary and Lucy to my birthday party, but ____ of them can come.
    A. both   B. all   C. neither   D. none
    10．We'll have a picnic tomorrow ____ it rains.
    A. if    B. when  C. unless   D. because
Ⅱ、选出能替换画线部分的选项
    1．His father is poor.
    A. doesn't have money at all   B. hasn't got much money
    C. haven't got plenty of money   D. isn't rich enough
    2．Don't bother your father. He is busy working now.
    A. make…anxious   B. brother   C. trouble   D. get…down
    3．I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.
    A. instead of   B. because of   C. plenty of    D. a lot of
    4．—What's wrong with you? —I'm not feeling well.
    A. is there anything wrong with you?    B. What shall I do?
    C. What's your trouble?    D. Are you feeling better?
    5．If you finished reading passage, I can give you another one.
    A. an else   B. one more   C. more one   D. another
Ⅲ、完形填空
    A long time ago people thought that the sun went round the earth. In some countries people even said that the sun was a god(神). They thought the god drove  1  the sky each day on a golden(金色的) horse. Now we know the earth  2   round the sun. It  3   the earth a year to go all the way round the sun. Today men even know how far it is from the earth to go round the sun. They tell us that the earth travels over a thousand miles(英里) a minute on its journey round the sun.
    The sun is really a  4 . It is much larger than the earth and it is very  5 . Some people  6  to the moon, but we know that no one can even go to the sun. It is  7  hot for people to live anywhere near it. The sun is three hundred thousand times heavier than the earth and more than a million times  8 .
    1．A. in          B. at         C. across   D. into
    2．A. went        B. goes       C. was         D. is
    3．A. costs       B. takes      C. pays        D. took
    4．A. satellite   B. star       C. god         D. ball
    5．A. warm        B. cold       C. hot         D. wet
    6．A. have been   B. had been   C. have gone   D. had gone
    7．A. so          B. such       C. very        D. too
    8．A. small       B. smaller    C. large       D. larger
Ⅳ、阅读理解
A
    Jess nearly felt very happy. When he arrived at his seat in the classroom that morning, he found an invitation on his desk. It was from several of his classmates asking him to join them on a camping trip. This was the first time he was asked to join an out-of-school activity. Why were they asking him now? Nobody seemed to like him. In fact, he had been so lonely that he drowned his feeling with food. As a result he had put on a lot of weight, and this give the kids something more to make fun of him.
    Cindy, who was standing near Jess when he read the invitation, went out quickly to tell the others that the trick had worked. Everyone was pleased that Jess thought that was true. But there was no camping trip. The whole thing was made up. At first, Cindy thought it was fun. But later, when Jess told her that he was buying a sleeping bag with his savings. Cindy had second thoughts. She knew that Jess family had little money, and she hated to see him spend his savings on something he would never use. Cindy also hated to tell Jess the truth. Her close friends would be angry with her. What could she do now?
    1．Choose the best title for this story.
    A. Jess And His School.    B. Jess An