初中英语八大时态课件共77张PPT.pptx

,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,初中英语八大时态,Review of Tenses,1,、,The Simple Present Tense,一般现在时态,教学重、难点,一般现在时,表示经常发生的动作或存在的状态,常与every day,on Sundays,sometimes,often，usually,always,等连用,构造：1、主语+动词原形+其他,Eg.,I have a meeting on Sundays.,They visit their parents once a month.,注,:,主语,(,三单,)+,动词,(,第三人称单数形式,)+,其他,Eg.,She like,s,it very much,.,She usually go,es,to school at 7 oclock every morning.,动词第三人称单数形式,在动词后,+s,在以,s,x,ch,sh,o,结尾的动词,+es,以辅音字母,+,y,结尾的动词，,先变,y,为,i,，再加,es,特殊,have-has,等,help,guess,fly,make,leave,fix,swim,know,play,close,go,study,get,read,bring,watch,写出以下动词的第三人称单数形式,carry do wash,visit exercise enjoy jump have,s,ies,es,s,es,s,s,s,es,s,ies,s,s,s,has,es,s,s,es,s,s,es,ies,s,一般现在时否认式,be+not,dont do /doesnt do,II 一般现在时的否认式,1.Be 动词的否认式:be+not,I am a teacher.,You are a worker,She is a doctor,We are friends.,I,m not,a teacher,You,arent,a worker,She,isnt,a doctor.,We,arent,friends.,is not=isnt,are not=arent,否认句,2.,当主语是单数第三人称时，它与助动词,Does,有关，但是动词谓语一定要恢复为,原形,。当主语是其他人称时，它与助动词,Do,有关。,I like English.,She likes it very much.,We go to work by bike.,I,dont like,English.,She,doesnt like,it very much.,We,dont go,to work by bike.,否认句,概念：用 yes 或 no 来答复的疑问句叫做一般疑问句。,一般疑问句句首的第一个词一般读得比较重。,III,一般疑问句,1.,对于,be,动词，疑问句要求把,be,提前，第一人称变成第二人称。,疑问句,I,am,a teacher.,Are you a teacher,You,are,a worker.,Are you a worker,He,is,a student,.,Is he a student,We,are,friends.,Are you friends,2.,对于实意动词，疑问句要求是：当主语是他,(he),，她,(she),，它,(it),时，句子前面加,does,，并把动词恢复原形；当主语是其他人称时，句前加,do,，第一人称,(I/we),换第二人称,(you),。,I often go there.,You like the music.,He goes to work by bus.,We/You/They like it.,Do you often go there,Do you like the music.,Does he go to work by bus,Do you/they like it,1.He has a meeting on Sundays.,2.He goes to school at seven in the morning.,3.My father and mother go out for lunch on Sundays.,4.We do our homework after school.,把以下句子改为一般疑问句,Does he have a meeting on Sundays,Does he go to school at seven in the morning,Do your father and mother go out for lunch on,Sundays,Do you do your homework after school,exercise,把以下句子改为否认句,1.My father has an egg for breakfast.,2.Li Lei does his homework after school.,3.We do our homework at home.,4.They have a meeting every morning.,My father,doesnt have,an egg for breakfast.,Li Lei,doesnt do,his homework after school.,We,dont do,our homework at home.,They,dont have,a meeting every morning.,1.We often _(play)in the playground.,2.He _(get)up at six oclock.,3._ you _(brush)your teeth every morning,4.What _ he usually_(do)after school,5.Danny_(study)English,Chinese,Maths,Science and Art at school.,6.Mike sometimes _(go)to the park with his sister.,7.She _ (watch)TV with his parents every evening.,8._ Mike _(read)English every day,用所给动词的正确形式及助动词填空,play,gets,Do brush,does do,studies,goes,watches,Does read,2,、,一般过去时,The Simple Present Tense,教学重、难点,一般过去时,一般过去时指动作发生在,过去,有时候会有例如,yesterday,last year,等表示,过去时间的标志,一般过去时主要要注意,动词,的变化,be,动词和实意动词,含有be动词的一般过去式,She is in Beijing.,She was in Beijing.,I am a student.,I was a student.,We are friends.,We were friends.,含有,be,动词的一般现在时变一般过去时,把,is,和,am,改成,was,把,are,改成,were,练习,:,1.,She is a teacher.,She _a teacher.,2.They are from Japan.,They _ from Japan.,I am very tired.,I _ very tired.,He is too young to go to school.,He _too young to go to school.,5.You are late for school.,You _late for school.,was,were,was,was,were,不含,be,动词的一般过去时,不含,be,动词的句子改写成一般过去时，,把句子中的,动词,改为,过去式,形式。通常有,五种写法。,I work in this city.,I,worked,in this city last year.,They live in Shanghai.,They,lived,in Shanghai last year.,动词过去式的写法：,一般情况，,在动词末尾,加,ed,动词以,e,结尾的，直接在词尾加,d,3,、辅音加,y,结尾，变,y,为,i,加,ed,I study in Beijing.,I,stud,ied,in Beijing.,Study,copy,Cry,fly,4,、,重读闭音节结尾，,双写词尾字母加,ed,she stops.,she stopp,ed,.,5,、特殊,I,go,to school by bike every day.,I,went,to school by bike yesterday.,例如：,have/has,had,go-,went,eat-,ate,say-,said,think,thought,come-,came,不规那么动词练习,I,think,you are right.,I,thought,you,were,right.,She,eats,an apple every week.,She,ate,an apple an hour ago.,3,、,一般将来时,The Future Simple Tense,教学重、难点,一般将来时,相对于讲话时间,将要发生,的动作或情况,2.时间状语判断标准：,tomorrow,明天,next week,下周,the day after tomorrow,后天,soon,不久,in the future,在将来,in+,一段时间 多久之后才,.,The Future Simple Tense,1.will+,动词原形,(I/we shall),2.be going to+,动词原形,3.be+v-ing,4.,一般现在时表将来,构造,1.will/shallv原形,表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要,会,Eg.1)She will go to the park tomorrow.,2)I will return home as soon as I finish my task.,2、be going to+v原形,表示打算做某事,表示现在已经有迹象说明将要发生某事。,-What _do this evening,-I am going to do my lessons.,看那些乌云要下雨了.,Loot at the dark clouds.It _rain.,is going to,are you going to,3.be+v-ing,go,come,leave,start,arrive,stay,fly,land,take off等动词可用现在进展时表示安排和方案或即将发生的动作。,我们明天动身去青岛.,Were leaving for Qingdao.,6.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律)，用一般现在时表示将来时态,常用于转移动词如：,(begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,close,Eg.1、The evening class begins at 19:00.,2、The train starts at two.,If,条件句,中，动词用,一般现在时,表,将来。,If we,hurry,we may catch the bus.,如果我们快点的话，我们也许会赶上公交车,If it,rains,tomorrow,the travel will be canceled.,如果明天下雨的话，旅游将取消。,1.What are you going to do this,afternoon,I am going to the cinema with some,friends.The film _quite early,so we _ to the bookstore after,that.,A.finished;are going B.finished;go,C.finishes;are going D.finishes;go,Exercise:,2.My younger brother _be 15 years old next year.,A.is going to B.will,C.is to D.should,1.The agreement _ come into force next year,.,Im not feeling well,and I _ go to see a doctor,.,If you_ _(dont pass)the exam,you will be criticized by your parents.,will,will,dont pass,5.How _ you _ spend your holiday,Ive decided to repaint this room.Oh,have you What colour _ you _ paint it,The weather is so nice and I am going to sit in the garden.Thats a good idea.I _ join you.,will,are,going to,are,going to,4、现在进展时,Review of the Present Continuous Tense,教学重、难点：,知识要点：,一.现在进展时的定义:,现在进展时是表示现在、说话瞬间或当前一直正在做着的动作.,Eg:,1.,Jenny,is watching,TV now.,2.I,am writing.,五.现在进展时的判断：,1一般句中用到表示“在现在的时间状语，如：now,right now,at the moment 或Its+几点钟句型，常判断用现在进展时。Eg:,Lets go fast.Mr.Wu is waiting for us now.,Its six oclock.The children are playing basketball.,(2)句中用到“Listen！“Look!“Keep quiet “Dont make noise!等提示语时，说明说话间另一个动作正在进展，这时，句子也要用现在进展时。,Eg:Keep quiet!The teachers are talking in the office.,She,read,is,ing,now,.,Listen,!,The bird,is,sing,ing,.,二.现在进展时的谓语构造:,现在进展时的谓语构造为:am/is/are+现在分词.Am/is/are 在现在进展时句子谓语构造中作助动词用，无词义。Am/is/are的选择运用由句子的主语人称或数决定。,A:I,am,watching TV at home.,B:Dave,is,cleaning the floor.,C:The students,are,seeing a movie.,2.将现在进展的肯定句变为否认句时，在be动词后面加上not.,Eg:Steve is talking to his teacher.,The children are eating some apples at my home.,-,Steve,isnt,talking to his teacher,.,-,The children,arent,eating,any,apples at my home,.,四.现在进展时的形式转换：,1.将一个现在进展时的肯定句变为一般疑问句时，,将句中的is或are提到句首。,Eg:Steve is talking to his teacher.,I am singing.,-Is Steve talking to his teacher,-Are you singing,Talk about the people in the picture.,Whats he doing,Hes reading.,*What are they doing,*They are playing basketball.,5、过去进展时,Review of the Past Continuous Tense,教学重、难点：,过去进展时,过去进展时的用法与现在进展时相仿，表示过去某时刻或阶段正在进展的动作。,构造：be过去式+v.ing,Eg.I was reading a novel when you called.,你打 时我正在看一本小说。,exercise,Danny _ _(watch)TV,when you sang.,I _ _ _ _(play computer game)at this time yesterday.,was watching,was playing computer game,6、将来进展时,表示将来某时刻正在进展的动作。,构造：will/shall+be+v.ing,Eg.We will be having dinner in a minute.,一会儿我们就吃饭。,Danny will be playing football an hour later.Danny 一会儿将会在打球。,Have a try试一试:,He_(watch)TV now.,I _(swim)at this time yesterday.,She _(see)the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.,is watching,was swimming,will be seeing,Translate,翻译,他们一会儿就开会。,They will be having a meeting.,我一会儿就洗衣服。,I will be washing clothes.,7,、,The Present Perfect Tense,现在完成时,教学重、难点：,现在完成时,现在完成时表示,过去发生,或,已经完成,的某一动作对现在造成的,影响或结果,.,通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词,just,，,already,before,yet,never,ever,等状语连用。,现在完成时构造,助动词have(has)+V过去分词,注：has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。,否认句：have/has+not+V过去分词,Eg.,He has never heard of that before.,I have worked here for 20 years.,She has already finished the work.,My aunt havent lived in China for 3 years.,2.现在完成时表示过去已经开场，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示延续的时间状语连用。如for、since 等引导的时间状语。注意：句中谓语动词要用延续性动词,一段时间的表达方法有两种,:,for:+,一段时间,for a year for two weeks for three years,过去的某一时刻,since 9 oclock since last week,一般过去时态的时间状语从句,since you came since you got home.,注意,:for,和,since,所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间,.,Since,注意点1：一些表示短暂性动作的动词如come,go,leave,arrive,buy,begin,start,become等不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，这些动作需用表示状态的词连用。,I,have had,this coat for one year.,试比较：,1 I have bought this coat for one year.,转化成,延续性动词,归纳,1.,直接转化成延续性动词,buy,catch(get)a cold,borrow,come/go/become,have,have a cold,keep,be,2.,转换成,be+,名词,join the army,join the Party,go to school,be a soldier,be a Party member,be a student,3,转换成,be+,形容词或副词,die finish begin,leave fall sleep,close open,be dead,be over,be on,be away,be asleep,be closed,be open,4.,转换成,be+,介词短语,go to school,join the army,be in school,be in the army,2)My uncle,has come back,for 2 days.,My uncle,has been back,for 2 days.,3)The train,has left,for an hour.,The train,has been away,for an hour.,4)The twin brothers,have joined,the army for 2 years,.,The twin brothers,have been in,the army for 2 years,.,注意点2,have been to,与,have gone to,的区别。,3 have been(to)和have gone(to)的区别：,have/has been(to)表示“曾经到过某地，说话时此人不在那里，已经回来。侧重指经历。,have/has gone(to)表示某人“已经去某地了，说话时此人可能在路上或已到那里.,试比较：,He has been to Beijing.他曾去过北京。,人已回来，可能在这儿,He has gone to Beijing.他已经去北京了。,人已走，不在这儿。,一般过去时与现在完成时之比较,一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯表达过去的事情，强调动作，和现在不发生关系。而现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，强调的是现在的情况。,分析比较,I saw this film yesterday.,只说明动作发生在过去。,I have seen this film.,强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。,She has returned from Paris.,她已从巴黎回来了。,She returned yesterday.,她是昨天回来的。,He has been in the League for three years.,(在团内的状态可延续),He joined the League three years ago.,(三年前入团，joined为短暂行为。),注意：句子中如有一般过去时的时间副词如 yesterday,last week,in 1960时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时。例如：,错Tom has written a letter to his parents last night.,对Tom wrote a letter to his parents last night.,Exercises,()1.I have watched the game.,When _ you _ it,A.have;watched B.do;watch C.did;watch D.will;watch,()2.Mr.Green _ in China since five years ago.,A.lived B.has lived C.lives D.is going to live,()3.His grandma _ for two years.,A.died B.has died C.was dead D.has been dead,B,B,D,()4.Where is Han Mei now,She _ to Shanghai.She will be back in two days.,A.has gone B.has been C.goes D.had gone,()5._ you _to the United Stated,No,never,but I went to Canada a few years ago,A.Have;been B.Have;gone C.Did;go D.Do;go,()6.How long have you _ the football team of,the school,A.played B.been at C.joined D been on,A,A,D,()7.Where have you _ these days,I have _ to Kunming with my friends.,A been,gone B been,been C gone,been D gone,gone,()8.How long have you _ this book,A.bought B.borrowed C.had D.lent,()9.Excuse me,_ you seen the film yet,Yes,I _ it last night.,A have,see B have,have seen C have,seen D have,saw,B,C,D,2现在完成时,My daughter _(go)out.,I _(hear)from her these days.(改为现在完成时的否认句),They _(leave)for two years.,The old man _(die)for 4 months.,We _(see)you recently.(否认句,has been gone,havent heard,have been away,has been dead,havent seen,8,、,The Past Perfect Tense,过去完成时,The Past Perfect Tense过去完成时,过去完成时的构成,助动词,had,(,用于各种人称和数,)+,过去分词,When I got to school,the bell,had,rung.,2.,过去完成时的用法,:,主要是表示在过去某个时间,或是动作之前,已经发生或完成的动作,.,也就是,过去的过去,.,The Past Perfect Tense,过去完成时,3.,常用的几种方式,:,用介词,by,before,等构成的时间短语,.,We,had learnt,20 English songs,by the end,of last month.,The plane,had taken off,when I reached the,airport.,By the time I got up,my brother,had left,home.,用连词,when,before,after,或者短语,by the time,引导的时间状语从句,.,By the time I got outside,the bus,had already left.,By the time I got outside,the bus,had,already,left.,我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了,.,by the time,意思是“到,的时候”,相当于,when,后接过去时的句子,时,主语的谓语动词用过去完成时态,.,主要动词的过去式和过去分词,ring rang rung,get got gotten,go went gone,leave left left,start started started,be was/were been,take took taken,run ran run,wake woke woken,1.When I_(get)there,the Smiths already _ (have)their dinner.,2.By the end of last year they _(produce)more than 500,000 tractors.,3.Tom_(read)at least 20 novels in the past year.,4._you_(give)the book to Jim yesterday,No,because he _(borrow)one from the library.,5.He said that he_never_(hear)of that before.,got,had had,had produced,had read,Did,give,had borrowed,had,heard,