冀教版8年级上册Unit5复习摘要.doc

冀教版8年级上册Unit5复习摘要一. 词汇： 1. in the future：常用于将来时，例： Ill be a doctor in the future. 我将来当医生。 2. might / should：情态动词，后加原形动词，没有人称和数的变化。 You should go home now. 你现在应该回家了。 He might be a teacher when he is older. 他长大可能当老师。 3. carefully：副词，用来修饰行为动词，常放于动词后。 careful：形容词，常和系动词连用，作表语，或放于名词前作定语。 He listened carefully. 他听得认真。 He is careful. 他很细心。 He is a careful boy. 他是一个细心的孩子。 4. sick：形容词，既可以做表语也可以作定语，作表语时同ill。但ill只有作表语才是“病的”意思，作定语译为“坏的”。例： He is ill (sick). 他病了。（表语） He is a sick boy. 他是个有病的孩子。 He is an ill boy. 他是个坏男孩。 5. someday：某一天，常用在将来时，可以和one day替换；但one day可以用于过去时。 He will be famous someday (one day). 总有一天他会出名。 One day when I was on my way to school, I met Jim, my old friend. 有一天我上学的路上，遇见了Jim，我的老朋友。 6. advice：n. 建议，不可数名词，常用some, a lot of, much, a piece of等修饰。 give sb. some advice 给某人一些建议 advice diamond 游戏名称，建议宝石 7. as：当时候，可以构成时间状语从句。 I watched her as she combed her hair. 她梳头时我看着她。 the same as 和一样 Jenny is the same age as Brian. Jenny和Brian同龄。 8. nobody：不定代词，“没有人”，表示否定，作主语时，动词用单数。 Nobody wants to feel sad. 没有人想感觉痛苦。 9. rich, poor：反义词，形容词，“富的，穷的”，加定冠词the指一类人，谓语动词常用复数形式。例： The rich are not always happy. 富人不总是幸福。 10. building：n. 建筑物 build 动词，建筑（built, built,是过去式和过去分词） builder 建造者，名词 11. reply：动词或名词，“回答，答复”，相当于answer。例： “Who is it” I asked. “Its me.” Jim replied (answered). “谁呀？”我问。“是我，”Jim答到。 12. kid：n. 小孩，相当于child v. 戏弄，取笑 例：The kids (The children) are playing now. 孩子们在玩。 You are kidding now. 你在开玩笑。 13. improve：动词，“提高” Li Ming studies harder to improve his English. 李明更努力地学习提高他的英语。 14. famous：形容词，“出名的”，相当于“well-known”，构成词组：be famous for“因而出名”。例： China is famous for the Great Wall. 中国因长城而闻名。 15. but：介词，“除之外，此外”，常和否定词连用，例： There is nothing but a card in the box. 盒子里除一张卡片什么也没有。 but作“连词”，译为“但是”，例： He was ill, but he was working hard. 他病了，但还在努力工作。 16. choose：动词，选择，过去式和过去分词为：chose, chosen。例： I chose a birthday card for him. 我为他选了一张生日卡片。 She has chosen it because of its beautiful colour. 她因为它的漂亮颜色选择了它。 17. too many：“太多”，后加可数名词复数 too much：“太多”，后加不可数名词 “much too”：“太”，后加形容词或副词原级，例： There are too many cars on the roads. 路上有太多的车。 There is too much water in the pool. 池子里有太多的水。 The box is much too heavy. 这个箱子太重。二. 词组： in the future 在将来 be good at sth. (doing sth.) 擅长某事或擅长做某事 give sb. a talk = give a talk to sb. 给某人作报告 be nice / good/ kind to sb. 对某人好the opposite of 相反的事 at the very top 就在顶部the same as 和相同 much taller 高得多 give advice to sb. 给某人忠告 be sure to do “一定，肯定”，表示说话人的一种判断 Its sure to snow this afternoon. 今天下午一定会下雪。 be sure of “相信”或“对有把握” Im sure of getting to the top. 我自信能到达顶峰。 be sure that “肯定，有把握” Im sure that I am swim well. 我肯定会游得好。三. 句式： 1. Its scary to talk about the future. 谈论将来令人害怕。 Its + adj. + to do sth. 做某事如何 it在句中是形式主语，动词不定式to talk about是真正的主语。例： Its very nice to see you. 见到你太好了。 Its hard to learn English well. 学好英语很困难。 2. I wouldnt make them do homework on Sundays. make sb. do sth. “使某人做某事”，make后面接省to的不定式做宾语补足语，例： I made her cry. 我把她弄哭了。 另外：see, watch, hear, feel等表示感、观、听觉的动词也可以构成这样的句式，即省to的不定式作宾补。 I saw her get on the bus. 我看见她上了公共汽车。 make + sb. /sth. + adj. 使某人某事 例： My hobby makes me proud. 我的爱好使我骄傲。 The boy made his father angry. 男孩让父亲生气。 3. So is next week and next year. so + 助动词/ 情态动词/ 系动词+另一个主语，表示另一主语与前面某人的动作或状态有着相同的肯定概念。例： I am a student and so is she. 我是学生，她也是。 They had a good time last night, so did I . 昨晚他们玩得很愉快，我也是。 He can swim, and so can I. 他会游泳，我也会。 So + 人称代词（同一主语）+助动词/情态动词/系动词，用以重复前文，表示强调或赞同。例如：This story is very interesting. So it is.这个故事很有趣，的确如此。They study very hard. So they do. 他们学习十分努力。的确如此。 I hope so.中的so为代词，“如此”的意思，否定式为：I hope not. 4. I dont think teachers are rich. 我认为老师不富有。 宾语从句中如果主句中的谓语动词是think, believe（相信）, suppose（料想），主句的主语是第一人称代词，而宾语从句是否定意思时，一般否定主句的谓语，称为否定转移。 I think the panda lives only in China. 我认为熊猫只生活在中国。 I dont think English is hard to learn. 我认为英语不难学。 5. Nobody can open my diary but me. but 除了没 There is nothing but a chair in the room. 房间里除了一把椅子什么也没有。 Nobody knew it but me. 除了我，没有人知道这件事。四. 交际用语： 1. 表达希望的句子： I wish to see your new photo. I hope that some of my classmates will be my friends when they are older. He hopes to have a good family when hes older. I hope to be a good teacher, like Ms. Liu. I hope so. 2. 表示因果的句子： Why are you going to the bike shop? Because my bike is broken. Why do you want to be a doctor? Because I want to help the sick people.五. 语法： 1. 陈述句：用来陈述一件事实的句子叫陈述句，包括肯定句和否定句。 例：I like English. I dont like English. He has been to America. He has not been to America. He is a good boy. He is not a good boy. 2. 疑问句：一般疑问句：用yes, no来回答，将助动词be等提前，例： Do you like English ? Yes, I do. No, I dont. Are you in Class One? Yes, I am. No, I am not. Is your sister a doctor? Yes, she is. No, she isnt.特殊疑问句：用who, what, which, whose等疑问代词及when, where, how, why等构成的疑问句叫特殊疑问句，不用Yes, No回答，问什么答什么。 句式为：疑问词+一般疑问句。例： What do you do? I am a student. What does your mother like? Whose pen is this? Where does your father work? 但疑问词作主语时用陈述形式，例： What makes you happy? Who came to see you? 3. may和might may和might都是情态动词，might是may的过去式，都有“可能”的意思，可以用来表示推测，might的语气比may弱些。例如： It may be rainy tomorrow. 明天可能下雨。 She may know his name. 她可能知道他的名字。 They might be busy. 他们可能会很忙。 Im afraid it might rain tonight. 我看今晚可能要下雨。4