2018高考真题英语 天津卷.doc

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（天津卷）英语本试卷分为第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分，共130分，考试用时100分钟。第I卷1至10页。第II卷11至12页。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考号填写在答题卡上，并在规定位置粘贴考试用条形码。答卷时，考生务必将答案涂写在答题卡上，答在试卷上的无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利！第I 卷注意事项：1. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔将答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。2. 本卷共55小题，共95分。第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。例：Stand over there_ youll be able to see it better. A. or B. and C. but D. while答案是B。1. Wasnt Joansupposedtobeherebynow? _.Shewillbehereinabouttwentyminutes.A.AllrightB.DontworryC.NowonderD.Enjoyyourself2. Kate, _sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkin Australia.A.whom B.that C.whose D.her3. At firstRobertwouldntlethisdaughtergodiving,buteventuallyhe_ asshewas soconfidentaboutherskills.A.gavein B.dressedup C.brokein D.turnedup4.Letsnotpickthesepeachesuntilthisweekend _theygetsweetenoughtobe eaten.A.eversince B.as if C.eventhough D.sothat 5. ImmovinginafewdaysandIwonderifyoucouldhelp. _. Justletmeknowwhen,andIll bethere. A.Youbet B.Itdepends C.Forget it D.Nokidding6.The _ thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspired scientiststoexploretheouterspace.A.advice B.order C.possibility D.invitation7.I needanewpassportsoIwillhavetohavemyphotograph_.A.taking B.taken C.beingtaken D.take8. It tookhimalongtimeto _theskillsheneeded tobecomeagooddancer.A.display B.acquire C. teach D.test9.Thegoldmedalwillbeawardedto_ winsthefirstplaceinthebicyclerace.A.whomever B.wherever C.whoever D.whatever10. Icantfindmypurse.I_itinthesupermarketyesterday,butImnotsure.A.should leaveB.must haveleft C.mightleaveD.couldhaveleft11. Bobthoughthecouldnt go tothepartybecausehehadtowriteareport,buthewent _. A.at first B. after all C.aboveall D.atrandom12.Ididntmean _ anythingbuttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldnthelp _ it.A.toeat; totryB.eating;trying C.eating;to tryD.to eat;trying13.Mywashingmachine _ thisweek,soIhavetowashmyclothesbyhand.A. was repaired B. isrepaired C. isbeingrepaired D. hasbeenrepaired14.Itwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhouse_wesawLilyinthe passengerseat. A.which B.that C.when D.where15.If we _theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.A.hadcaught B. caught C.havecaught D.wouldcatch第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1635各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own l6 .I learned this lesson from a(n) l7 many years ago. I took the head l8 job at a school in Baxley, Georgia. It was a small school with a weak football program. It was a tradition for the schools old team to play against the l9 team at the end of spring practice. The old team had no coach, and they didnt even practice to 20 the game. Being the coach of the new team, I was excited because I knew we were going to win, but to my disappointment we were defeated. I couldnt 21 I had got into such a situation. Thinking hard about it, I came to 22 that my team might not be the number one team in Georgia, but they were 23 me. I had to change my 24 about their ability and potential. I started doing anything I could to help them build a little 25 . Most important, I began to treat them like 26 . That summer, when the other teams enjoyed their 27 , we met every day and 28 passing and kicking the football. Six months after suffering our 29 on the spring practice field, we won our first game and our second, and continued to 30 . Finally, we faced the number one team in the state. I felt that it would be a 31 for us even if we lost the game. But that wasnt what happened. My boys beat the best team in Georgia, giving me one of the greatest 32 of my life! From the experience I learned a lot about how the attitude of the leader can 33 the members of a team. Instead of seeing my boys as losers, I pushed and 34 them. I helped them to see themselves 35 , and they built themselves into winners. Winners are made, not born.16. A. luckB. testsC. effortsD. nature17. A. experimentB. experience C. visit D. show18. A. operating B. editing C. consulting D. coaching19. A. successful B. excellent C. strong D. new20. A. cheer for B. prepare for C. help with D. finish with21. A. believe B. agree C. describe D. regret22. A. realize B. claim C. permit D. demand23. A. reacting to B. looking for C. depending on D. caring about24. A. decision B. attitude C. conclusion D. intention25. A. pride B. culture C. fortune D. relationship26. A. leaders B. partners C. winners D. learners27. A. rewards B. vacations C. health D. honor28. A. risked B. missed C. considered D. practiced29. A. defeat B. decline C. accident D. mistake30. A. relax B. improve C. expand D. defend31. A. shame B. burden C. victory D. favor32. A. chances B. thrills C. concerns D. offers33. A. surprise B. serve C. interest D. affect34. A. encouragedB. observed C. protected D. impressed35. A. honestly B. individually C. calmly D. differently第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide employs a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler (喷水灭火装置) systems, fire alarms, and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs on fire safety in the residence halls. Whenever you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual (手动的) fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamperwith (胡乱摆弄) these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following: Take your room key and ID, close and lock the door to your room. Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit; do not use a lift. Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property. Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorsA smoke detector is on the ceiling inyourroom.Somebuildingsalso haveheatdetectors onthe ceilings.Dothefollowingtoensurethesafeoperationofyoursmokedetector: Ifyoursmokedetector isworkingproperly,theredlightshould be on.lf the redlight is not blinking(闪动), contactresidencehallstaffimmediately. Do not cover orblockyoursmokedetector inanyway. If asmokedetectorsetsoffanalarmandthere isnofireorsmoke,informyourhallstaff.36.What isthemaindutyofthefirepreventionprofessionals?A.Toprovidepart-timejobsforstudents.B.Toleadthestudentstothenearest exits.C.Tocheckandmaintainfirepreventionequipment.D.To trainteacherstobefirepreventionprofessionals.37.Whatdotheautomaticfirealarmsystemsinclude?A.Pipesandsmokedetectors.B.Smokedetectorsandsprinklers.C.Firealarmpullstationsandpipes.D.Sprinklersandfirealarmpullstations.38.In afiredrill,thestudentsshould _.A. rushquickly to aliftB. gather atthenearest exitC. shut the doorand leave at onceD. waitforinstructions in the hall39.Whatdo weknowabouttheuseoffireextinguishers?A.Usingthemwronglyresultsinpunishment.B.Irresponsibleuseofthemcandamagethem.C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.40.Toensurethe safe operation of thesmoke detector, oneshould _.A.contactthehall staff regularlyB.coverthethingsthatburneasilyC. startthesmokedetector in a fireD.make certain the red light isworkingBWhen I was 17, I read a magazine article about a museum called the McNay, once the home of a watercolorist named Marian McNay. She had requested the community to turn it into a museum upon her death. On a sunny Saturday, Sally and I drove over to the museum. She asked, “Do you have the address?” “No, but Ill recognize it, there was a picture in the magazine.”“Oh, stop. There it is!” The museum was free. We entered, excited. A group of people sitting in the hall stopped talking and stared at us.“May I help you?” a man asked. “No,” I said. “Were fine.” Tour guides got on my nerves. What if they talked a long time about a painting you werent that interested in? Sally had gone upstairs. The people in the hall seemed very nosy (爱窥探的), keeping their eyes on me with curiosity. What was their problem? I saw some nice sculptures in one room. Suddenly I sensed a man standing behind me. “Where do you think you are?” he asked. I turned sharply. “The McNay Art Museum!” He smiled, shaking his head. “Sorry, the McNay is on New Braunfels Street.” “Whats this place?” I asked, still confused. “Well, its our home.” My heart jolted (震颤). I raced to the staircase and called out, “Sally! Come down immediately!”“Theres some really good stuff (艺术作品) up there.” She stepped down, looking confused. I pushed her toward the front door, waving at the family, saying, “Sorry, please forgive us, you have a really nice place.” Outside, when I told Sally what happened, she covered her mouth, laughing. She couldnt believe how long they let us look around without saying anything.The real McNay was splendid, but we felt nervous the whole time we were there. Van Gogh, Picasso. This time, we stayed together, in case anything else unusual happened.Thirty years later, a woman approached me in a public place. “Excuse me, did you ever enter a residence, long ago, thinking it was the McNay Museum?”“Yes. But how do you know? We never told anyone.”“That was my home. I was a teenager sitting in the hall. Before you came over, I never realized what a beautiful place I lived in. I never felt lucky before. You thought it was a museum. My feelings about my home changed after that. Ive always wanted to thank you.”41.What do we knowaboutMarianMcNay?A. She was apainter.B.She wasacommunityleader.C.Shewasamuseumdirector.D.She was ajournalist.42.Whydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?A.Shedislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.B.Shefeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers.C.Sheknewmoreaboutartthantheman.D.Shemistookhimforatourguide.43.Howdid theauthorfeel aboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehall?A. Puzzled. B.Concerned.C.Frightened. D.Delighted.44. WhydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?A.Therealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.B. Shewastooupsettospendmuch time atthe realmuseum.C. The McNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse.D.Theeventhappeninginthe housewasmoresignificant.45.Whatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.B.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily.C.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.D. Peopletendtoeducateteenagers at amuseum. CTheresanewfrontierin3Dprintingthatsbeginningtocome intofocus:food. Recentdevelopmenthasmadepossiblemachinesthatprint,cook, andservefoodson a massscale.Andtheindustryisntstoppingthere.FoodproductionWitha3Dprinter,acookcanprintcomplicatedchocolatesculpturesandbeautiful pieces fordecoration onaweddingcake.Noteverybodycando thatittakesyears of experience, butaprintermakesiteasy.ArestaurantinSpainuses a Foodinito “re-create formsandpieces” offoodthatare “exactlythesame,” freeingcookstocompleteother tasks.Inanotherrestaurant,allofthedishesanddessertsitservesare3D-printed,rather thanfarmtotable.Sustainability(可持续性)Theglobalpopulationisexpectedtogrowto9.6billionby2050,and someanalysts estimatethatfoodproductionwillneed toberaised by50percenttomaintaincurrent levels.Sustainabilityisbecominganecessity.3Dfoodprintingcouldprobablycontribute tothesolution.Someexpertsbelieveprinterscouldusehydrocolloids (水解胶体) from plentifulrenewableslike algae (藻类) andgrasstoreplacethefamiliaringredients (烹饪原料). 3Dprintingcanreducefueluseandemissions.Grocerystoresofthefuturemight stock “food” thatlastsyearsonend,freeingupshelfspaceandreducingtransportationand storagerequirements.Nutrition Future3Dfoodprinterscouldmakeprocessedfoodhealthier.Hod Lipson,aprofessor atColumbiaUniversity,said,“Foodprintingcouldallowconsumers toprintfoodwith customizednutritionalcontent,likevitamins.Soinstead of eating a piece of yesterdays bread from the supermarket, youd eat something baked just for you on demand.”ChallengesDespite recent advancements in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Currently, most ingredients must be changed to a paste（糊状物）before a printer can use them, and the printing process is quite time-consuming, because ingredients interact with each other in very complex ways. On top of that, most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts are skeptical about 3D food printers, believing they are better suited for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.46.What benefit does 3D printing bring to food production?A. It helps cooks to create new dishes.B. It sav