GMAT长难句分析PPT课件.ppt

英语中的长难句英语中的长难句其实，再长的句子都可以回归为简单句。而英语中最常见的简单句的类型就是：主主+谓谓+宾宾主主+系系+表表1.主语的变化在主语的中心语上嵌套一个定语从句或者同位语从句；Subject=n+which/who/thatEg:1.Students who go abroad for further study often should have the ability to live independently.这个句子的主语中心语是students,主语之后是一个定语从句。2.主语上的变化在主语的中心语上嵌套一个定语从句或者同位语从句；Subject=n+which/who/thatEg:2.Reports came into London Zoo that a wild puma had been spotted forty-five miles south of London.这个句子的主语中心语是reports,中心语之后又嵌套了一个同位语从句，这个句子的特殊之处在于，由于主语部分太长，为了平衡句子，把整个句子的谓语放在了主语部分之前，主语的中心语之后。3.主语上的变化在主语的中心语上嵌套一个定语从句或者同位语从句；Subject=n+which/who/thatThe main reasons students give for failing to participate in the political process are that they have demanding assignments and that they work at part-time jobs.4.主语的变化Subject=n+to do/ving/v-ppThe challenge posed to the Wynne-Edwards theory by several studies is regarded by the author with qualified acceptance5.主语的变化整个主语部分由一个句子充当，即主语从句；S=clause What is called“modern civilization”is not abalanced development of all mens nature,but ofaccumulated knowledge applied to practical life.6.主语的变化Subject=to do,vingTo admit that other,culturally divergent view points are equally plausible is to cast doubt on the monolithic center of Judeo-Christian belief:that there is but one of everythingGod,right way,truthand Europeans alone knew what that was.7.宾语的变化在宾语的中心语上嵌套一个定语从句或者同谓语从句；Object=n+which/who/thatEg:I cherish the dream that one day I will beamply and justifiably rewarded as long as Iwork ceaselessly.这个句子的宾语中心语是dream，宾语中心语之后跟的是一个同位语从句。8.宾语的变化整个宾语部分由一个句子充当，即宾语从句；Civil rights activists have long argued that one of the principal reasons why Black,Hispanics,and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business is that they lack access to the sizeable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.9.宾语从句分离one of the principal reasons why Black,Hispanics,and other minority groups have difficulty establishing themselves in business isthat they lack access to the sizeable orders and subcontracts that are generated by large companies.10.宾语的变化宾语其他的变化可以类比主语上的变化。Object=to do,ving,另外，如果是表语还可以由介词短语（prepositional phrase）直接充当。11.谓语或者整个句子主+【状语】谓+宾adv12.谓语或者整个句子【前置状语】主+谓+宾1.adv2.to do,v-ing,v-pp3.prepositional phrase13.谓语或者整个句子主+谓+宾【后置状语】1.状语从句（时间，地点，原因，结果，转折，条件）2.ving3.非限制性定语从句及其省略形式14.插入语However,Wynne-Edwardss theory,linking animal social behavior and population control，has been challenged，with somejustification，by several studies15.inversion1.部分倒装2.否定adv提前句子形成部分倒装3.No,Not,Never,Nor,Neither,Only,Not only,4.Hardly,Seldom5.助动词放在主语的前面，实意动词仍然放在6.主语的后面。16.Inversion2.完全倒装介词短语提前，句子形成完全倒装。Prepositional Phrase+V+SOn your lips dwelled my heaven.17.