七下units1---6.doc

2006年6月
Units 1~6 知识点归纳
.Teaching Time: 3Periods.
Period One
. Unit 1 Where is your pen pal from?

1. 1) be from 来自 如：I am from Japan. 我来自日本。
Where are you from? 你来自什么地方？ Where is John from? 约翰来自什么地方？
2) Be from = come from 来自
She is from France. 她来自法国。= She comes from France.
2. pen pal 笔友= pen friend I have two pen pals. 我有两位笔友。
3. Canada 加拿大。国家是专有名词，第一个字母大写，前不加定冠词。
France 法国 French 法国人；法语
Japan 日本 Japanese日本人；日语
Australia 澳大利亚。Australian 澳大利亚人。He comes from Australia. He is an Australian.
the United States 美国
the United Kingdom 英国
China 中国 Chinese中国人；汉语
4. country 国家。two countries两个国家
5. city 城市 He’s from a big city他来自一个大城市 three cities 三个城市
6. live 居住。实义动词。居住在某地常用“live in + 地点(国家/城市)”。
如：Where does he live? He lives in Paris. Dale lives in Australia.
7. 1) language 语言。可数名词。如：He is young, but he can speak seven languages.
2) what language 什么语言。特殊疑问词，用来对语言提问。
如：I speak English. →What language do you speak?
8. speak English. 说英语。“Speak + 某语言”意为“讲……语”。如：Can you speak Chinese?
9. Japanese for Kids! 儿童日语入门 Chinese Is Fun! 趣味汉语
Our World in English. 英语世界 French for Today. 今日法语
10. world 世界 in the world 在世界上There are many countries in the world.
11. some / any 一些
some: 肯定句。在表请求、建议等语气时可用于疑问句。He has some brothers.
any: 疑问句和否定句。 Does he have any brothers? He doesn’t have any brothers.
12. her favorite subject她最喜欢的学科。
13. I live in Toronto, Canada. 我住在加拿大的多伦多。英语中小单位在前，大单位在后。
如： I live in Guiyang, Guizhou. I am in Class 1, Grade 1. 我在一年级一班。
14. I want a pen pal in China. 我想在中国找一位笔友
15. an interesting country 一个有趣的国家。an interesting book 一本有趣的书。
16. 14 years old 十四岁
17. a little 一点。可修饰语言。如： He can speak a little Japanese. 他会说点日语。
18. I like going to the movies. 我喜欢去看电影。Like doing sth 喜欢干某事。
如：He likes listening to music. 他喜欢听音乐。
19. and 连接两个对等的并列成份。如：He likes running and playing basketball.
20. It’s too difficult. 那太难了。too “太……”。暗含过分的意思。后接形容词或副词。
如:The table is too big. 这桌子太大了。
21. Can you write to me soon? 你能很快给我回信吗
write to sb = write a letter to sb 写信给某人。
22. pen pal wanted 寻求笔友。
23. on weekends 在周末
24. Please write and tell me about yourself. 请写信告诉我有关你自己的情况。
Tell sb about sth 告诉某人有关……的情况。如：
Please tell me about your family. 请告诉我有关你家里的情况。
25. dislike 厌恶；不喜欢。反义词是like 。like and dislike 好恶；爱憎
。
Unit 2 Where's the post office?

1. library 图书馆。其复数为libraries. 如：two libraries两个图书馆
2. bank 银行；河岸
【The bank of China 中国银行A river has two banks. 一条河有两个岸。】
3．Is there a … near here? 附近有一个……吗？常用来问路。
如：Is there a bank near here ? It’s on Center Street. 它在中央大街。
4．在街上美国英语常用on.（英国英语用in）如：There is a restaurant on Bridge Street.
5．across from 在……对面 = on the other side of
如：The house is across from the street. = The house is on the other side of the street.
6．next to 紧挨；邻近。如：He sits next to me. 他紧挨着我坐。
7．between…and ……与……之间。用于两者之间，注意用宾格。
如：He is between Tom and me.他在我和汤姆之间。
8．in front of 在……前面（物体外部）如：
There is a tree in front of our classroom.我们教室前有一棵树。（树在教室外）
【比较：In the front of 在……前面。（物体内部）。如：
There is a desk in the front of our classroom. 我们教室前有一张桌子。（教室内部）
9．behind 在……后面。方位介词。如：behind the chair. 在椅子后。
10．Fifth Avenue. 第五大街。专有名词，前不用定冠词the。
11．询问地点用Where’s +地点？回答用It’s… 如：Where’s the supermarket? It’s on Center Street.
12. Excuse me 对不起；打扰了；请原谅。
比较：Excuse me / sorry. 前者为客套语，常用于“向人问路”、“要离开（会场，活动等）”、“插话”、“请求许可”、“向对方询问情况，可能引起对方不快等场合。”
Sorry 侧重于事后对所犯的过错或不能满足对方要求而向对方表示歉意的场合。
13．in the neighborhood 在附近 There is a park in the neighborhood. 附近有一个公园。
14．Just 用在祈使句中，意为：“就请……吧；尽管……好了”。如：Just let me help you.
15．go straight 一直走。Straight “一直”，副词，放动词后，常用于指示方向。
如：go straight down the road. 沿着这条路走下去。
16．turn left / right 向左/右转。Turn left / right at the…turning/crossing .在第个路口向左/右转。
如：Turn right at the first crossing. 在第一个路口向右转。
Turn left/right on/at +街道（地点）。在某地向左/右转。
如：Turn left at New Park. 在新公园向左转。Turn right on Green Street. 在格林大街向右转。
17．down 1）副词。“向下，下去”。位于动词后。 如：sit down 坐下
2）介词。“沿着”。 如：Go down this street. 沿着这条街走。
18．on the left / right 在左/右边。 There is a supermarket on the left. 在左边有一家超市。
on one’s left/right 在某人的左/右边。Lucy sits on Lily’s right. 露西坐在莉莉右边
on the left/right of…在……的左右边 You can see a school on the right of the bank.
19. Thank you very much. 非常感谢。= Thanks a lot.
回答：You’re welcome. 别客气；不用谢。
20．几组反义词：new— old small— big dirty— clean
busy—free空闲的 （指街道时可用quiet）
busy 忙的 常用短语有：be busy with sth 忙于某事 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事。
如：The boy is busy with his homework. 这男孩忙于他的作业。
Bill is busy playing the guitar. 比尔正忙于弹吉他
21．an old hotel 一家旧旅馆。注意old前an用。如：an old photo 一张旧照片。
22．Welcome to +地点。欢迎到某地。如：Welcome to our school. 欢迎到我们学校。
Welcome to China. 欢迎到中国来。
★如果地点是副词，则省掉to。如：Welcome home. 欢迎到家。
23. enjoy 享受……的乐趣；欣赏。如：They enjoy Chinese food very much.
enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事= like doing sth Diana enjoys watching TV. 戴安娜喜欢看电视。
24．quiet 宁静的 如：Be quiet 请安静。Please keep quiet. 请保持安静。
25．take a walk = have a walk 散步 Let’s take a walk after dinner. 让我们晚饭后散会步吧。
26．区分across / through / over
across指从一定范围的一边到另一边。动作是在物体的表面进行。常用于横穿街道、河流，穿过桥梁等。如：They walk across the bridge. 他们步行走过了这座桥。
through 侧重从物体的内部空间穿过，动作是在物体内部进行。常用于门、窗户、森林等。
如：He walks through the park. 他步行穿过公园。
Over多指从物体上空通过。如：The birds fly over the city. 鸟儿从城市上空飞过。
27.Across from the park is an old hotel. 公园对面是一家旧旅馆。这是一个倒装句。正确语序是：An old hotel is across from the park. 这儿把介词短语提前，表强调。注意动词与主语一致而不是与介词短语一致。如：Under the table are two balls. 桌子下有两个球。
28.…a small house with an interesting garden.一个有着有趣花园的小房屋。
with ①“具有、带有”。如：China is a country with a long history. 中国是一个历史优久的国家。
His sister is a nice girl with two big eyes. 他的妹妹是一位有着一双大眼睛的漂亮姑娘。
②“和某人一起”如：She wants to go with us. 她想和我们一起去。
29. the beginning of………的开始。如：That’s the beginning of his new life. 那是他新生活的开始。
【 At the beginning of…在……的开始。如：At the beginning of the class, the teacher tell us a story. 开始上课时，老师给我们讲了一个故事。】
30．a good place to do sth. 一个做某事的好地方。
如：Our classroom is a good place to study. 我们教室是一个学习的好地方。
31．have fun 玩得开心。= have a good time = enjoy +反身代词。
如：We have fun on Sundays. =We have a good time on Sundays. =We enjoy ourselves on Sundays.
【 Have fun ( in ) doing sth 做某事很愉快。We have fun learning English this term. 】
32．If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket. 如果你饿了，你可以在超市买食物。
If “如果”。引导的句子称“条件状语从句”。如：If you are hungry, please go to your mother.
33．△“be going to +动词原形”表示“计划做某事、将要做某事”。如：
We are going to play basketball this afternoon. 今天下午我们要打篮球。
34．from…to… 从……到……。如: from one to ten 从一到十
We go to school from Monday to Saturday. 我们从星期一到星期六上学。
35．arrive “到达”不及物动词。 arrive at / in = get to
到达小地方用arrive at,如车站、码头等。到达大地方用arrive in，如城市、国家等。
如：They arrive in Shanghai today. If you arrive at the hotel, please call me.
如：I get to school at seven every day. = I arrive at school at seven every day.
be arriving “就要到达、将要到达”。如：He is arriving next week. 他下周就要来了。
36．next Sunday 下周星期天。next“下一的” 如：next week 下周 next year明年
37．Let sb do sth 让某人干某事。
38．the way to… 去……的路。如：Do you know the way to the bank? 你知道去银行的路吗？
I don’t know the way to your house. 我不知道去你家的路。
39．take a taxi = have a taxi 乘出租车
40．pass 经过；通过（考试、检测等）如：You will pass a big supermarket.
Can you pass the exam? 你能通过考试吗？
41．go down = go along 沿着……走。如：Go down Long Street. 沿着长街走。
42．When you see a big supermarket, 当你见到一个大的超市时。When“当……时候”。
如：When you finish（完成）your homework, go home. 当你完成了作业，就回家吧。
43．I hope + 句子。我希望……；我祝愿……如：I hope you have a good weekend. 祝你周末愉快。
语法知识：
There be 句型：
（1）用法：“某地 存在 某物/人”即强调某人或某物与某地的位置关系。
（2）结构：“There be + 主语 + 介词短语”
存在（有） 某人/物 某地
说明1：（就近原则）There be有There is / There are 两种形式。由最近一个主语来决定be的单复数。当最近一个主语为单数或不可数名词时，用There is；为复数时，用There are。
如：There is a book on the desk. There are some trees near the river. 河的附近有一些树。
说明2：“介词短语”表示“地点”，即上册所讲的“方位介词”。也可把介词短语置于句首。学过的有：on in under between(…and) next to behind in front of 如：
There is a clock on the wall. Under the tree there are some girls.
（3）There be句型的一般疑问句及其回答。一般疑问句把be动词提前。
如： Is there an egg on the desk? Yes, there is/No, there isn’t. Are there any birds in the tree?
（4）There be句型的否定句。直接在be动词后加not. 如：There aren’t any books on the desk.
（5）对There be句型中的方位介词短语提问时，常用where.
如：There is a park on Green Street. →Where is a park?（去掉there）
（6）对there be句型中的主语提问时，常省略there。
如：There is a desk in the teacher’s room. →What’s in the teacher’s room?
There are two pens in the pencil case. → What’s in the pencil case? （注意常用单数）
(7) There be 句型与have的区别：前者强调的是一种位置关系；have强调的是一种所属关系。
如：There is a pen on my desk. 我桌子上有一支笔。（笔在我桌子上，但不一定是我的。）
I have a pen. 我有一支笔。（不管笔在哪，都是属于我的。）
Period Two

Unit 3 Why do you like koala bears?

1、kind of 有点，稍微 Koala bears are kind of shy. 考拉有点害羞。
2、China n. 中国 Africa n. 非洲 都是专有名词，首字母都应该大写，而且和介词in连用。
There are many kinds of tigers in China. There are many kinds of scary animals in Africa.
3、friendly adj. 友好的，和蔼可亲的
☆它是名词friend的形容词形式，常常和be动词连用, be friendly to sb “对…友好”
The people in Guiyang are very friendly.
4、with prep. 跟，同，和…在一起 I usually play chess with her. (with后跟宾语)
★注意区别与and的用法，and通常用于连接主语或宾语，连接主语时，如果有I, I通常放在 and 之后，如：My father and I usually play chess together.
play with “和…一起玩耍”“玩…” I often play with my pet dog. Don’t play with water!
5、day和night 是一对反义词，day 表示白天或一天，night表示夜或夜晚。
★通常说in the day , during the day , at night。
如：Koala bears often sleep during the day and eat leaves at night.
6、leaf n. 叶子 复数形式为：leaves, 类似的变化还有：thief –thieves
7、hour n. 小时；点钟 hour前边通常加上冠词an 表示“一个小时”， 即：☆ an hour。
There are 24 hours in a day and 60minutes in an hour.
8、be from 来自… be from = come from Pandas are from China. = Pandas come form China.
9、meat n. （食用的）肉，不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much meat
如： He eats much meat every day.
10、grass n. 草， 为不可数名词，表示“许多”时，使用much来修饰，即：much grass。
如：There is much grass on the playground. eat grass

Unit 4 I want to be an actor.

1. I want to be an actor. 我想成为一名演员。“want to be + 职业”表示“想成为一名……”
如：I want to be a doctor. 我想成为一名医生。He wants to be a teacher. 他想成为一名教师。
★ want用法：1）want sth I want a basketball.
2）want to do sth I want to play basketball .
3） want sb to do sth. I want you to play basketball with me .
2. actor 男演员。 actress 女演员。
☆一位演员要用an而不用a。如：He’s an actor. 他是一位演员。
类似：waiter 男侍者。 waitress 女侍者
3. report + er = reporter 记者。“动词 + er = 发出动作的人”。这是一种构词法。
如：teach 教书 teacher教师 run— runner write—writer作家 work— worker 工人
★有少数两个是加or。如：actor visitor参观者
4. policeman 男警察。☆其复数为policemen
man 复数为men；woman 复数为women policewoman 复数为policewomen
如：There are two policemen on the street. 街上有两位警察。
5.in hospital 住院 in the /a hospital 在医院。如：He is ill in hospital. 他生病住院了。
His father works in a hospital. 他父亲在一家医院工作。
6. What does he do? 他是做什么的？what对“职业”提问。
如：He is a teacher. →What does he do? I am a doctor. →What do you do?
转换同义句: What does he do?= What is he? =What’s his job?
又如：What do you do? = What are you? = What’s your job?
7. money 钱。 不可数名词。much money 许多钱。hard money 硬币 paper money 纸币
【make money 赚钱 I want to make more money. 我想赚更多的钱。
Time is money. 时间就是金钱。Money is not everything. 金钱并非万能。
Money makes the mare go. 有钱能使鬼推磨。People give me their money. 人们把钱交给我。】
8．give sth to sb表示“把某物给某人”。
【其中sth表某物，称直接宾语；sb表某人，称间接宾语。两者合称“双宾语”。】
☆ 常见结构为：“动词+直接宾语+to/for+间接宾语”
☆ （动词buy, make, cook, get, draw, sing等常与for搭配；其余与to搭配）
如：Please give some water to me. 请给我一点水。
He sings an English song for us. 他给我们唱了一首英语歌。
2）上面结构也可改写为：“动词+间接宾语+直接宾语”（即当间宾在前，直宾在后时，中间不加介词。）上面例句可改为：Please give me some water. He sings us an English song.
3）当直宾和间宾都是代词时，只能用“give sth to sb”结构。
如：只能说That’s my book. Please give it to me. 不能说Please give me it.
9．get sth from…从……得到某物。
如：He gets some money from his father every month. 每个月他都能从父亲那得到一些钱。
10. wear 和put on 两者都相表“穿”。
wear强调穿的状态，意为“穿着”。Put on强调穿的动作，意为“穿上”。
如：He often wears a white coat. Dale puts on a hat and goes out.
11. sometimes 有时。可放句首、句末、句中。
如：Sometimes I get up late. He sometimes watches TV at home. 他有时在家看电视。
Linda is late for school sometimes. 琳达有时上学迟到。
12. in the day 在白天 = during the day
13．dangerous 危险的。其名词为danger. 【in danger 处于危险中】
14．thief 小偷。其复数为thieves.
15．talk to /with sb. 与某人交谈。The teacher is talking with a man. 老师正和一位人交谈。
talk about sb./sth. 谈论某人或某事。They are talking about a new movie.
16. late ①作形容词。“迟的、晚的”。常用：be late ( for ) （因……）迟到。
如：I am late. 我迟到了。She is late for class. 她上课迟到了。
② 作副词，修饰动词，放动词后。如：Peter gets up late. 比尔起床迟了。
17. I am very busy. 我很忙。
be busy doing 忙于做某事。如：He is busy reading his book.他正忙于读他的书。
be busy with sth 忙于某事。如：Tom is busy with his homework. 汤姆忙于他的作业。
互换。：Ann is busy learning English. = Ann is busy with her English. 安忙于学英语。
18. go out 出去。 go out to dinner出去吃饭。
19. interesting 有趣的。常用物作主语。指某物本身有趣。
【 be interested in 对……感兴趣。常用人作主语。】
如：This book is interesting. I am interested it. 这本书很有趣，我对它产生了兴趣。
20．newspaper. 报纸。可数名词。Two newspapers 两份报纸。
Evening Newspaper 晚报 Morning Newspaper 晨报 in the newspaper 在报纸上。
【 news 消息。不可数名词。A piece of news 一则消息。】
21. work hard 努力工作/学习。如：We work hard all day. 我们整天都努力学习。
work 工作、职业。既可作动词，又可用名词。作名词时是不可数名词。
Job 工作、职业, 是一个可数名词。
We have a job for you as a waiter. 我们可以为你提供一份作侍者的工作。
for为某人。 as 作为。又如：He works in the factory as a manager. 他在工厂当经理。
story 故事。复数为：stories. 讲故事要用tell. 如：He often tells us stories in class.
22．Do you want to work for a magazine? 你想为杂志社工作吗？
“work for +机构”为某机构工作。如：He works for a computer company.
23. need 需要。
1）need sth. 需要某物。如：I need some help. 我需要一些帮助。
2）need to do sth. 需要做某事。He needs to see you. 他需要见你。
3）情态动词 I need have a look at it .
24. ★ teach sb sth. 教某人……。其中某人用宾格，不能用物主代词.
如：He teaches us English. Can you teach me a song? 你能教我一首歌吗？
25．“one of + 复数名词”。……中的一个。看作第三人称单数。
如：One of them has a bike. 他们中一位有自行车。
26. sir 先生。单独使用。不与姓连用。对应词为madam
如: Yes, sir. 是的，先生。Yes, madam. 是的，夫人。
27．其它： want ad 招聘广告 child 孩子。其复数是children.
an international school 一所国际性学校。

Period Three

Unit 5 I’m watching TV.

1. do ( one’s ) homework 做作业。其中one’s 指物主代词，且和主语保持一致。
如：We do our homework in the evening. 我们在晚上做作业。
注意其疑问句和否定句。如：Does he often do his homework at home?
He doesn’t often do his homework at home.
2. watch TV 看电视 watch, see, look, read这四个词的区别：
1）watch 意为“观看、注视”。如：看电视、比赛、表演等。He likes watching TV. 他喜欢看电视。
2）look 强调发出看的动作。不及物动词，带宾语时加at。如： Please look at the blackboard.
3）see 强调“看”的结果。也指看电影（see a comedy）、看病（see a doctor）
如：I can see some birds in the tree. 我能看见树上有一些鸟。
4）read 意为“看、读（书、报、杂志）”等。如：He is reading a book. 他正在看书。
3. clean 1) 形容词。“干净的” 如：The desk is clean. 桌子很干净。
2）动词。“扫除、清除”。如： He is cleaning his room.他正在打扫房间
4. write a letter 写信。 Write a letter to sb. = write to sb. 给某人写信。
I often write a letter to my friend. = I often write to my friend. 我经常给朋友写信。
5. Sure. 当然。用来同意对方的请求或建议。如：-May I have a look? –Sure.
6. Let’s + 动词原形。 表“建议”。意为“让我们做……”如：Let’s see the tigers first.
7. wait等；等候。不及物动词。带宾词时加for. 即：wait for sb/ sth. 等候某人或某物。
如：He is waiting for a bus. 他正在等一辆公共汽车。Are you waiting for me? 你在等我吗？
8. talk to sb 对某人说