英语应用文写作.doc

英语应用文写作一、应用文写作（Practical Writing）（一）书信1. 概述应用文包括书信、申请书、证明书、简历、便条、电报、布告、通知、说明书、广告、请柬和贺卡等，其中书信是最常见、最重要的应用文写作形式。 书信是以书面的方式和对方谈话，我们平时谈话应清楚明白，使对方容易理解，写信则更应该如此，因为写信是单方面表达思想，即便对方看不懂，也不能马上询问。 书信作文的考试命题可能是给出写作提纲，比如， 2001年6月CET-4写作题；也可能是给出一段文字要求，即规定情景，比如，2002年1月CET-4写作题。在书信作文的写作中，考生应特别注意以下两点。 1）书信内容不仅要切题，还要具体、明确，使收信人看信时能一目了然； 2）英文书信习惯上开门见山，不用你好开头，这与汉语书信写法有所不同。 各种应用文均有一定的格式要求，书信亦如此。写书信时，我们应掌握书信的一般格式。对此，考生可参阅下图。 Heading（写信人地址及写信日期） Inside address（收信姓名及地址） Salutation（称呼） Body（正文） _ _ _ Complimentary(结束语) Signature（署名） Postscript（附加语） Enclosure（附件）注：1英语信函的称呼一般都以Dear或My dear开头。如果收信人是女性，那就写为Dear Madam，Dear Ladies。 2英语信件的结束语相当于汉语信件的此致敬礼。如：（对上级、年长者）Yours respectfully，（对老师）Your student，（对平辈）Yours sincerely，（一般事务信）Yours sincerely，Yours very truly。 2. 范文及模板（1）请求信（Letter of Requesting Favors） 写好请求信的关键是要给出具有说服力且能够打动对方的理由。请求信主要包括：比较礼貌地直接提出具体请求。简要地说明提出请求的原因或理由。明确或暗示对方能得到的好处或回报。对对方的帮助或合作表示感谢。Useful words and expressions Appreciate 感激 favor 恩惠 cooperation 合作 assistance 帮助1. We would appreciate it if you would provide us with 2. I would like to ask a favor of you before you fill your next order.3. Please let me know when you can do this. 4. Your answers to the above questions will be great help to us.范文1Direction: Youre writing to a president to ask for a visit to the corporation. In the letter, you should;1) Request students practice in the corporation 2) Ask whether it is convenient for you to come next week.3) Express your appreciation to him.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Carol Brawn” instead. You do not need to write the address.Dear Mr. Sheila; I am writing to ask whether a class of foreign trade students could do practice in your corporation. I am their political advisor and this term the students have studied the foreign trade and business English correspondence. They want to practice what has been learnt in class. Could we come next week? If this is not convenient, the middle ten days of July would suit us, after the final examination. I do hope it will be possible to arrange the practice, as I am sure the students will be very interested in it. I look forward to hearing from you. I would like to thank you for your cooperation with the scheme for School and business Links. Yours Sincerely, Carol Brawn希拉先生； 我写信是想询问 我们贸易般的学生能否在下一周到你们公司去实习。我是他们的辅导员，本学期他们学习了对外贸易和英语函电两门课程。他们想实践所学到的知识。我们下个星期可以来吗？如果不方便的话，七月中旬也就是期终考试之后，时间合适。希望您尽可能安排此次实习，我肯定学生们一定对此非常感兴趣。我期待收到您的来信。感谢您在企校挂钩项目上的合作。此致卡罗尔 .布劳恩范文2Direction: Youre supposed to write a letter to one of your customers to request his assistance. You should include the following points in your letter:1) Your assistance request2) Background information and added service.3) Your appreciation to him.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Peter Monroe” instead. You do not need to write the address.Dear Mr. Richard I would like your help in solving a problem that people in your businesses such as yours have.Each year businesses that sell precision instrument are faced with hundreds of new products. We would like your assistance in answering the enclosed survey. By doing so you will let us get more information about the market and know how we can best serve our customers. Whats more, enclosed is a 5 off coupon to use on your next order to thank you for your help.I would appreciate if you mail your opinion soon. Thank you for all your help. Yours sincerely,Peter Monroe Sales Manager 查理德先生； 我想请您帮助解决一个从事你们那行会遇到的问题。精密仪器行业每年都会有数百种新产品出现。我们想得到您的帮助，烦请您回答所附调查报告中的问题。这样的话，您将使我们了解更多的市场信息，是我们知道如何为顾客提供更好的服务。此外，为表达我们对您的谢意，附一张95折优惠券，您可在下次订货时使用。我将不胜感激如果您能尽快告知我您的建议。非常感谢您的帮助。 此致， 彼得门罗 销售部经理（2）求职、求学 (Letters of Applying for a Job/ further education)此类书信属于公务信函，格式和用词比较规范。信的内容大体上分为三部分写信的目的（写明谋求的工作和获悉空缺的渠道/ 欲申请学位及专业） 自我介绍 （写出一两点可使未来雇主满意的特殊资历/介绍自己的学历、专业、申请 原因等）要求 （请求面试等/希望收到入学申请表、奖学金申请表、学院及专业介绍或相关信息）注意下面几点：写信的目的要直截了当地在信的开头提出。自我介绍部分主要介绍自己的专业、学历、工作经历、解决问题的能力等等。在行文、用词上要表现出自信、恳切的态度，语言简明扼要，突出介绍自己的优点，与众不同的特长或有利条件。还要紧扣用人单位或欲申请院校的需求。最后提出进一步联系的途径，如：时间、地点。还可以主动提出接受面试或考核等。在写作特点上主要用第一人称以及动词的一般现在时或完成时。 模板1：Date: Dear ,(1) I have just read in the newspaper that 所求职业 is wanted in your company. (2) I am therefore writing to you to introduce myself. (3) I am 职业身份 of 年龄years old. (4) My name is姓名. (5) I am studying /I have studied 所学专业. (6) I can 能力1. (7) I have some work experience as a 能力2 (8) I am sure Ill satisfy you as well. (9) You can get more information about my studies and work from信息渠道.(10) I am looking forward to visiting your office at any time for a talk or a test. Sincerely yours, 模板2: Date: Dear , (1) I would like to be considered for the post of 所求职业 with your corporation, as advertised in/ on 日期 of某家报纸. (2) I had successfully completed the courses directly related to 专业 时间. (3) In these courses, I had acquired skills in 专业技能 (4) This background enables me to 工作能力1 (5) As a graduate from毕业院校 I feel very confident that I can meet your special requirements that 工作要求, for 原因. (6) Furthermore, 工作能力2(7 The main reason for changing my employment is to gain more experience with a company of outstanding international reputation such as yours（求职原因）. (8 I believe that my education and experience will prove useful for work in your office. (9 Enclosed are my resume and three photos. (10) I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss my qualification with you. Would you please write to let me know a convenient time for you to talk with me? （请求面试） Sincerely yours, 模板3； Date: Dear ,(S1) I am writing in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to 写信的目的. (S2) My name is 姓名. (S2) I will graduate and get my credentials and degree of 专业, 学校，时间. (S3) I wish to apply for a post as 职位. / I plan to continue my study and research in this field under the instructions of first-class professors and in a dynamic academic atmosphere. (S4) I chose your company/ University because 原因1. (S5) Also, 原因2. (S6) I believe my interests are extremely congruent with the strengths of your company/university. (S7) And my practical experience of working /my solid academic background will meet your general requirements.(S8) I will appreciate it very much if you could send me the Application Forms and other relevant information. (S9) I am prepared to be interview when you find it convenient. (S10) Thanks for your time and kind attention.Sincerely yours Model 2Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter of at least 120 words on the basis of the situation given in English below:You are Diana Zhang, and your address is 6 Peace Road, Zhongshan District, Fuzhou, Fujian Province. One day, you learned from China Daily that Standard Clothing Corporation is advertising for a sales representative. Now write a letter to Ms. Kelly Hendrady, the personnel manager of the company to apply to the post. The address is Room 506, Ji an Building, Beijing, 100089.【经典范文】6 Peace Road Zhongshan District Fuzhou, Fujian Province June 2, 2001 Ms. Kelly Hendrady Personnel Manager Standard Clothing Corporation Room 506, Ji an Building Beijing, 100089 Dear Ms. Hendrady,I would like to be considered for the post of sales representative with your corporation, as advertised in the May 28 edition of the China Daily. I had successfully completed the courses directly related to marketing four years ago. In these courses, I had acquired skills in marketing, management relations and communication. This background enables me to work effectively with employees, customers and the general public. As a graduate from the Foreign Trade University, I feel very confident that I can meet your special requirements that the candidate must have a high command of English, for I had got an excellent score in TOEFL. Furthermore, I learned to communicate well with English speaking customers when I worked as a salesman with the Great Wall Corporation Limited. The main reason for changing my employment is to gain more experience with a company of outstanding international reputation such as yours. I believe that my education and experience will prove useful for work in your office. Enclosed are my resume and three photos. I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss my qualification with you. Would you please write to let me know a convenient time for you to talk with me? Sincerely yours, (Miss)Diana Zhang【点评】 本文在结构上同样符合上述求职信的三部分结构，所不同的是在语言表达上有所变化。第一部分本文以“I would like to be considered for the post of with your corporation, as advertised in the May 28 edition of (the China Daily). ”表明写信的目的；第二部分的自我介绍有一些我们可以借鉴的常用表达和句型，如：“I had successfully completed the courses directly related to”，“In these courses, I had acquired skills in”，“This background enables me to work effectively with”等；第三部分除了要求面试的表达“I would appreciate the opportunity to discuss my qualification with you. Would you please write to let me know a convenient time for you to talk with me?”以外，也可以表明随信附件，常用的表达有“Enclosed are my resume and three photos. ” 另外，本题在格式上有一些特殊要求，既然题目给出了明确的写信人和收信人的地址，我们就应当把它们安排在信中合适的位置上。写信人地址和写信日起合称为信端，目的是使收信人一见便知书信来自何处，何时发出。信端应写在信纸的右上角。收信人的姓名和地址称为信内地址，写在信纸的左上角，从信纸的左边顶格写起，低于写信人地址和发信日期一、二行。Model 3Direction: A. Study the following paragraph carefully and write a letter of about 200 words.B. Your name is Li Jin, a student of the Department of Applied Physics, Tsinghua University. You hope to further your study in Boston University (Massachusetts, USA) upon your graduation next year. Now you are writing to the office of graduate admissions to ask for the Application Form and other relative materials. The following points should also be covered by letter: 1. your personal information 2. the reason why you choose Boston University 3. a brief study plan C. Your essay must be written clearly on the ANSWER SHEET 2. 【经典范文】 Department of Applied Physics， Tsinghua University Beijing, China Sept. 11th, 1999 Office of Graduate AdmissionsBoston University Massachusetts, USA Dear Sir or Madam, I am writing in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to further my study in Applied Physics toward master degree in your university. My name is Li Jin, an undergraduate student of the Department of Applied Physics, Tsinghua University (China). Next year in the summer, I will graduate and get my BS degree. I plan to continue my study and research in this field under the instructions of first-class professors and in a dynamic academic atmosphere. I chose Boston University because there are a congenial team of researchers, an array of databases and research projects in your School of Physics. I believe my interests are extremely congruent with the strengths of the School. And my solid academic background will meet your general entrance requirements for graduate study.I will appreciate it very much if you could send me the Graduate Application Forms, the Application Form for Scholarships/Assistantships, a detailed introduction to the School of Physics, and other relevant information. My mailing address is shown on the top of this letter. I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely yours, Li Jin 【点评】与求职信类似，求学信也分三步走。第一部分开门见山，表明写信目的，常用的表达有“I am writing in the hope that I may obtain an opportunity to further my study in (Applied Physics) toward (master) degree in your university.”；第二部分作自我介绍，包括姓名、年龄、学历、专业、欲申请学校及专业、申请原因等；第三部分提出要求，如：希望收到入学申请表、奖学金申请表、学院及专业介绍或相关信息，可借鉴的表达有“I will appreciate it very much if you could send me the Graduate Application Forms, the Application Form for Scholarships/Assistantships, a detailed introduction to the School of Physics, and other relevant information.”。在信件结尾表示希望能尽快受到回复，常用的表达为“I am looking forward to hearing from you soon. ”。 （3）感谢信(Letters of Thanks)感谢信可分为感谢馈赠、感谢款待、感谢帮助、感谢送行和感谢探病等。感谢信一般包括以下几点： 对收信人的称谓； 写信的目的；（Thank you for） 致谢并详述所收到的礼物或得到的帮助等； 结尾及谦称。模板 Date: Dear, (1) I am 自我简短介绍. (2) 时间 , I 当时自己在做什么 but when , I found 所遭遇困难或麻烦. (3) I was very worried, fearing that 自己的担心. (4) 时间, 对所受帮助的简短描述. (5) I thanked him / her awfully for his / her kindness and offered him/ her a reward of 酬金数 (6) Smiling, he / she refused to take even half a cent. (7) At my insistence, he/ she told me his/ her mane and address when leaving. (8) He/ She is 帮助人姓名， a 身份 (9) Deeply moved by his/ her selfless spirit, I am writing to commend his/ her noble deed. (10) Please convey my deep gratitude to him/ her. Yours sincerely, Date: Dear,(1) How regretful I must leave you house. （表示依恋之情）(2) I am writing to you just to tell you how very much I appreciate the warm welcome you extended to me.（表示感谢） (3) And thank you for the many good things you provided（表示感谢）. (4) 列举所受到的款待 gave me lots of enjoyment. (5) More importantly, your great hospitality impressed me deeply. (6) I should like you to know how very grateful I am for all you have done.（再次表示感谢） (7) If you came to自己的居住地 for any reason, please come to my family（邀请对方）. (8) The kids are looking forward to seeing Aunt/ Uncle 对方. (9) I believe we will have a very happy time. (10) Best wishes.（祝愿） Yours sincerely, 范文：Model 1Model 2Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a letter of at least 120 words on the basis of the situation given in English below: You are Lewis, and you had been invited to stay at Ms. Guptas for a few days. During you stay, you had been entertained hospitably. Now write a letter to Ms. Gupta to show your appreciation