常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则.doc

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常见动词过去式过去分词的变化规则动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。一、规则变化: 1. 一般情况直接加ed，如ask—asked, work—worked 2. 以不发音的e结尾，只加d，如love—loved, dance—danced 3. 以辅音字母加y结尾，把y变为i，再加ed，如try—tried, study—studied 4. 以一个元音字母和一个辅音结尾的重读闭音节结尾的动词(以重读闭音节或r音节结尾而末尾只有一个辅音字母),先双写末尾这个辅音字母,再加ed,如stop—stopped, permit—permitted 注：A. 以l结尾的动词,尾音节重读时,双写l,如control—controlled；尾音节不重读时,双不双写都可以，如travel—traveled(美) /travelled(英) 。 B. 特例:picnic—picnicked—picnicked(去野餐),traffic—trafficked—trafficked（交易,在…通行）另外,还有很多动词的过去式和过去分词是不合乎上述规则的,需要熟记.(见后) C. 读音与说明: ①.-ed在清辅音音素后发音为[t]: helped, liked, finished, fetched, stopped, clapped ②.-ed在浊辅音和元音后发音为[d]: believed, changed, planned, preferred, followed, stayed ③.-ed在[t]、[d] 后发音为[id]: wanted, needed, admitted, permitted 二、不规则动词(Irregular Verbs)的过去式大体上归纳有以下记忆法： 1. 以t结尾的词，过去式与原形相同。如： put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat read—read must--must 2. 以d结尾的词，把d变成t。如: build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 3. 以n结尾的词，在词后加t。如： mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词，把ow / aw变成ew。如： blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed） 5. 含有双写字母的词，将双写改为单写，在词尾加t。如： keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt sweep—swept 6. 含有元音字母o / i的词，将o / i变成a。如： come—came become—became sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank 7．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如： bring—brought，buy— bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught 8．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如： drive—drove，ride—rode，write—wrote 9．动词原形中的e改为o，如： get—got，forget—forgot 10．动词原形中的ee改为e，如： feed—fed，meet—met 11．动词原形中的eak改为oke，如： break—broke，speak—spoke 12．动词原形中的ell改为old，如： sell—sold，tell—told 13．动词原形中的an改为oo，如： stand—stood，understand—understood 14．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如： can—could，shall—should，will—would 15．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如： hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕， say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕 16．不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如： am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have ／has— had，hold—held，leave—left，make—made，may—might，run—ran，see—saw，take—took 新人教版初中英语不规则动词归类记忆表一、AAA型：动词原形与过去式、过去分词一样（原形→原形→原形）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 read read read 读 cut cut cut 切，割 let let let 让 put put put 放 cost cost cost 花费，值 hit hit hit 撞，击 set set set 安排，安置 hurt hurt hurt 使…伤痛二、ABA型：动词原形与过去分词一样（原形→过去式→原形）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 become became become 成为 come came come 来 run ran run 跑三、ABC型：动词原形与过去式、过去分词都不一样 1. ow →ew →own 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 blow blew blown 吹 draw drew drawn 画 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 2. i→a →u 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳 ring rang rung 打电话 3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 wear wore worn 穿 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 speak spoke spoken 说 freeze froze frozen 冻 choose chose chosen 选择 4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 eat ate eaten 吃 forbid forbade forbidden 禁止 give gave given 给 ride rode ridden 骑 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 fall fell fallen 落下 5. 无规律原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 am/is was been 是 are were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 走 take took taken 拿四、ABB型 1. 原形→ought →ought 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架 think thought thought 思考 2. 原形→aught →aught 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 catch caught caught 捉,抓 teach taught taught 教 3. 变其中一个元音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 feed fed fed 喂 meet met met 遇见 get got got 得到 hold held held 拥有 babysit babysat babysat 临时照看 sit sat sat 坐 win won won 赢 find found found 发现 4. 原形→□lt→□lt 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 feel felt felt 感到 keep kept kept 保持 leave left left 离开 sleep slept slept 睡 sweep swept swept 扫 5. 变其中一个辅音字母原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 build built built 建造 hear heard heard 听见 make made made 制造 mean meant meant 意思 send sent sent 送,寄 spend spent spent 花费 deal dealt dealt 处理 6.辅音字母和元音字母都变原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 have had had 有,吃 lay lain lain 放 lose lost lost 丢失 pay paid paid 付钱 say said said 说 sell sold sold 卖 tell told told 告诉 stand stood stood 站五、AAB型原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 beat beat beaten 打败六、有两种形式原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 bear bore born 生 bore borne hang hanged hanged 吊死 hung hung 挂 learn learned learned 学 learnt learnt lie lied lied 说谎 lay lain 躺 show showed showed 给…看 showed shown spell spelled spelled 拼写 spelt spelt burn burned burned 烧 burnt burnt smell smelled smelled 闻 smelt smelt shine shined shined 照耀 shone shone dream dreamed dreamed 做梦 dreamt dreamt wake waked waked 醒 woke woken hide hid hid 躲藏 hid hidden 七、情态动词原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 can could ∕ 能 may might ∕ 也许 must ∕ ∕ 必须 shall should ∕ 将要 will would ∕ 会初中英语不规则动词表（二）原形过去式过去分词汉语意思原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 am/is was been 是 lay lain lain 放 are were been 是 learn learned learned 学 babysit babysat babysat 临时照看 learn learnt learnt 学 bear bore born 生 leave left left 离开 bear bore borne 生 lend lent lent 把…借给 beat beat beaten 打败 let let let 让 become became become 成为 lie lied lied 说谎 begin began begun 开始 lie lay lain 躺 blow blew blown 吹 lose lost lost 丢失 bring brought brought 带来 make made made 制造 build built built 建造 may might ∕ 也许 burn burned burned 烧 mean meant meant 意思 burn burnt burnt 烧 meet met met 遇见 buy bought bought 买 must ∕ ∕ 必须 can could ∕ 能 pay paid paid 付钱 catch caught caught 捉,抓 put put put 放 choose chose chosen 选择 read read read 读 come came come 来 ride rode ridden 骑 cost cost cost 花费，值 ring rang rung 打电话 cut cut cut 切，割 run ran run 跑 deal dealt dealt 处理 say said said 说 dig dug dug 挖 see saw seen 看见 do did done 做 sell sold sold 卖 draw drew drawn 画 send sent sent 送,寄 dream dreamed dreamed 做梦 set set set 安排，安置 dream dreamt dreamt 做梦 shall should ∕ 将要 drink drank drunk 喝 shine shined shined 照耀 drive drove driven 驾驶 shine shone shone 照耀 eat ate eaten 吃 show showed showed 给…看 fall fell fallen 落下 show showed shown 给…看 feed fed fed 喂 sing sang sung 唱 feel felt felt 感到 sit sat sat 坐 fight fought fought 打架 sleep slept slept 睡 find found found 发现 smell smelled smelled 闻 fly flew flown 飞 smell smelt smelt 闻 forbid forbade forbidden 禁止 speak spoke spoken 说 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 spell spelled spelled 拼写 freeze froze frozen 冻 spell spelt spelt 拼写 get got got 得到 spend spent spent 花费 give gave given 给 stand stood stood 站 go went gone 走 sweep swept swept 扫 grow grew grown 生长 swim swam swum 游泳 hang hanged hanged 吊死 take took taken 拿 hang hung hung 挂 teach taught taught 教 have had had 有,吃 tell told told 告诉 hear heard heard 听见 think thought thought 思考 hide hid hid 躲藏 wake waked waked 醒 hide hid hidden 躲藏 wake woke woken 醒 hit hit hit 撞，击 wear wore worn 穿 hold held held 拥有 will would ∕ 会 hurt hurt hurt 使…伤痛 win won won 赢 keep kept kept 保持 write wrote written 写 know knew known 知道

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