替换与高级表达.docx

☆高级词汇替换
1. 人们：（people）persons，individuals, characters ,folk
2. 好的：（good）positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising ,perfect, pleasurable ,excellent, outstanding, superior
3. 许多： （many）an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of,a host of,
if not most
（eg. Some individuals, if not most, harbor the strong idea that the
right sence of competition should be taught clearly to our children .）
4. 一些：（some） a slice of, quiet a few , several
5. 支持，赞成 approve of, in favor of, uphold, stand by one's side, agree with,
give one's assent
6. 重要的，有决定性的 vital, crucial, critical, decisive
7. 聪明的，有才智的 intelligent，bright，wise，brilliant
8. 优秀的 outstanding, perfect, brilliant, remarkable, distinguished,
excellent, splendid, superb
9. 疲惫不堪的  exhausted，fatigued, be run out，be worn－out，weary

10. 坏处，缺点 disadvantage, defect, flaw, drawback, deficiency,shortcoming
11. 努力做，尽力做 
attempt to, make efforts to, endeavor(尽力) to, manage to do 
12. 开展，实施，做  practice, carry on, conduct, perform, implement，operate (Bring into effect, put in practice.) 
13. 强调，突出lay/ place emphasis on, attach emphasis to, stress, emphasize ,highlight , underline 
14. 实现，完成  achieve, accomplish, fulfill, complete 
15. 注定  be doomed to, be destined to 
16. 证实，证明testify, confirm, verify, turn out, certify ,indicate ,manifest 
17. 遇到，碰到  come across, meet with, encounter, confront(face) 
18. 难以置信的，惊人的fantastic, incredible, unusual, unbelievable, exceptional, extraordinary,marvelous, striking, amazing, shocking, astonishing, surprising 
19. 迷人的，吸引人的enchanting, charming, appealing, alluring, glamorous ,fascinating, attractive ,fetching,absorbing(有趣的), pretty, beautiful 
20. 扩展，扩大  expand, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge, spread 
21. 等不及，渴望can't wait to , be eager to/for , long for, yearn for/to, hunger for/after, look forward to 
22. 为了for the sake of, in order to ,so as to, on the purpose of 
23. 事实上in reality, in effect , as a matter of fact ,practically, virtually,actually 
24. 方法，手段  method, approach, means, measure, mode 
25. 减少，削弱  reduce, decrease, diminish, lessen, lower 
26. 迟早，最终eventually, sooner or later, at length, ultimately, finally 
27. 想出，想到,提出
come up with, cross one's mind,occur to sb, put forward, point out
28. 与……相联系
be connected with, be linked to,be relevant to, have sth to do with 
29. 易于，倾向于be apt/prone to, be liable to, tend to, incline to, be likely to
30. 熟悉，知道 be acquainted with, be familiar with, be informed of 
31. 解决，处理 resolve, settle, deal with, cope with, manage, work on 
32. 意识到 be aware of, be conscious of, realize, recognize 
33. 专心于set one's mind on sth, concentrate on, be absorbed in, be engrossedin, be lost in, be occupied in, be attentive on, pay attention to
34. 因为due to, owing to, thanks to, result from, because of 
35. 巨大的 tremendous, immense, huge, gigantic, giant, enormous 
36. 不计其数的countless, endless, unlimited, innumerable, immeasurable, incalculable, numberless, numerous 
37. 珍贵的，昂贵的precious, valuable, valued, prized, cherished, treasured, dear, costly,high-priced 
38. 上升 increase, ascend to(追溯到),go up, rise, mount, on the rise, roar  
39. 提前ahead of time, ahead of schedule, beforehand, in advance, prior to
40. 恢复 restore, recover, regain(v. 恢复, 重新获得), resume 
41. 迷人的，吸引人的enchanting, charming, appealing, alluring, fascinating, attractive 
42. 强烈的，激烈的keen, intense, fierce, violent, strong (heavy) 
43. 繁荣的，兴旺的 prosperous, flourishing, thriving, booming 
44. 壮丽的，引人注目的splendid, grand, magnificent, superb, striking, impressive, grand, 
marvelous,wonderful 
45. 承受，经历 undergo, endure, live with ,go through, experience 
46. （整体）由……组成be made up of, consist of, be comprised of, be composed of 构成(整体), constitute 
47. 混杂的，不清楚地，迷惑的 confused, bewildered, perplexed 
48. 责备，斥责 blame, accuse, denounce, (scold) 
49. 真诚的，衷心的 hearty, sincere, frank, (honest) 
50. 很：（very）exceedingly, extremely, intensely, pretty, rather 
51. 认为：（think）harbor the idea that, take the attitude that , hold the view that,it is widely shared that,it is universally acknowledged that， maintain  
51. 事情：（thing）affair ,business ,matter  
52. 得到收益：get many benefits ，reap huge fruits   
53. 在我看来：
in my opinion ，for my part ,from my own perspective   
54. 对…感兴趣sb take interest in , sb. be interested in， sth appeals to sb , sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb   
55. 吸引…注意力 :
attract one's attention ,capture one's attention. 
56. 表明
indicate,suggest,be indicative of,be suggestive of
57. 原因 : 
reasons for sth ，There are several reasons behind sth 
58. 注意pay attention to, pour attention into   
59. 反对,不同意 : be against , disagree with sth ，frown on sth  
60. 处理handle, deal with, dispose of, settle,solve,resolve,tackle,address 
61. 决定（decide）settle ,mind, resolve ,determine, decide ,make up once mind 
62. 提高,改善,加强raise,improve,consolidate( 巩固),boost,enhance,reinforce  
63. 重要性 importance, significance, magnitude 重要：crucial,  
64. 使产生,引起,触发,招致,导致incur, arouse, stir up, strike set off, touch off, give rise to ,trigger, bring about 
65. 涉及，提及（mention）when it comes to…  touch on… in terms of… 
66. 发起 launch an attack , spark a revolt , initiate a reform 
67. 破坏（break）impair，undermine，jeopardize，devastate 
68. 需要（need）require，necessitate，call for 
69. 有害的（harmful）detrimental，baneful 
70. 丰富的（rich）, wealthy, affluent, abundant 
71. 贫穷的(poor) impoverished 
72. 考虑：take… sth into consideration, consider, contemplate, reflect on, meditate on, ponder over 
73. 获得：attain，obtain，acquire，reap, procure 

☆有用的单词短语 
 As to, as for, in contrast, essentially, be conditioned to doing(习惯于), by and large(大体上说),by virtue of(凭借)，in this day and age(当今)，to name only a few（举个例子） 

Adv/adj:
cordially(诚挚地),trendy(流行的）mutual/reciprocal,meanwhile,likewise,moreover，inevitably(不可避免地),dramatically（戏剧性地，显著地）,profound(意义深远的) 

N:slump/recession(衰退), delinquency(犯罪), subsidy(补贴)， contamination(污染)  

V: starve for(渴望),optimize(优化),highlight(强调),cultivate(培养),devastate(毁坏), jeopardize(危及),necessitate(需要)

替换词 
1. "重要性"相关表达
【1】importance/significance
Be intensely/exceedingly/enormously/fairly/extraordinarily/immensely/tremendously/hugely/
crucially/vitally/critically/supremely/ important to
【2】important/significant
Be of vital/critical/key/central/paramount/supreme/prime/utmost/immense/enormous
/tremendous/overriding/considerable/overwhelming importance to
【3】vital, crucial, critical, key
Having a good command of English is crucial/vital/critical/key to the size of your future paycheck.
【4】matter/count
Maintaining morale matters/counts much.
matter a lot/count a great deal
【5】play a role/part
Guanxi, or business and political relationships, is playing an increasingly larger role/part in the course of moving up your social ladder.
central/dominant/key/leading/main/major/primary/critical/crucial/decisive/
essential/vital/huge role
【6】over-emphasize/over-state/overestimate
The importance of reading classics cannot be over-emphasized /over-stated/ overestimated .
It is difficult to exaggerate the significance of breakfast to our physical well-being.
【7】value
The emergence of this undesirable trend stems partly from the misguided perception that those masterpieces are of little or no value to contemporary society.
be of enormous/great/high/immense/ tremendous/little/no value to
【8】essential
Striking an ideal balance between the virtual world and real one is essential for those netizens.
【9】 weight
A great variety of digital products carry considerable weight to our routine life.
【10】outweigh
A sizable portion of inhabitants dwelling in this region who fiercely oppose a newly unveiled plan insist that the potential economic returns stemming from the exploitation of these tropical rain forests will be far outweighed by the disproportionate ecological damage and disruption to local lives.
To put it simply, the benefits of this approach far outweigh its weaknesses.
许多 (many ['menɪ])
　　numerous ['njuːm(ə)rəs]
　　【例句】Numerous factories have sprung up in this once desolate area。
　　【翻译】过去这一带满目苍凉， 现在却有了无数的工厂。
　　a host of [həʊst]
　　【例句】The special theory of relativity has raised a host of questions。
　　【翻译】狭义相对论引出了许多问题。
　　a multitude of ['mʌltɪtjuːd]
　　【例句】I was awed by the multitude of stars in the night sky。
　　【翻译】夜空中的繁星震撼了我。
　　不同的(different ['dɪf(ə)r(ə)nt])
　　various ['veərɪəs]
　　【例句】These data have been collected from various sources。
　　【翻译】这些数据是从各方面搜集来的。
　　a variety of [və'raɪətɪ]
　　【例句】A variety of heavy industries grew up alongside the port。
　　【翻译】各种重工业沿着港口逐渐发展起来。
　　diverse [daɪ'vɜːs]
　　【例句】People hold diverse attitudes toward these new regulations。
　　【翻译】人们对于这些新规定抱有不同的态度。
　　普遍的(common ['kɒmən])
　　commonplace ['kɒmənpleɪs]
　　【例句】Yet on the most commonplace occasion I can never know your thoughts。
　　【翻译】然而即便在最普通的场合我也琢摸不透你的心思。
　　universal [juːnɪ'vɜːs(ə)l]
　　【例句】Such problems are a universal feature of senior citizens。
　　【翻译】这类问题是老年人的通病。
　　pervasive [pə'veɪsɪv]
　　【例句】It is the most pervasive compound on earth。
　　【翻译】它是地球上最普遍的化合物。
　　唯一的 (only ['əʊnlɪ])
　　solely ['səʊllɪ]
　　【例句】Success should not be measured solely by educational achievement。
　　【翻译】成功与否不应只用学业成绩来衡量。
　　unique [juː'niːk]
　　【例句】The examples are unique to this dictionary。
　　【翻译】这些例证是这部词典独有的。
　　merely ['mɪəlɪ]
　　【例句】You are merely reciting facts that you have learned by rote。
　　【翻译】你只是在背诵自己死记硬背下来的东西。
贫穷的(poor [pʊə])
　　needy ['niːdɪ]
　　【例句】Needy and handicapped people depend on government
relief for their support.
　　【翻译】穷人和残疾人依靠政府的救济维持生计。
　　impoverished [ɪm'pɒvərɪʃt]
　　【例句】The rural people have been impoverished by a collapsing economy。
　　【翻译】经济崩溃使农村地区的人们一贫如洗。
　　in poverty ['pɒvətɪ]
　　【例句】He was bred up in poverty。
　　【翻译】他是在贫苦的生活环境中长大的。
　　富裕的(rich [rɪtʃ])
　　wealthy ['welθɪ]
　　【例句】All of them came from wealthy, upper class families。
　　【翻译】他们全部来自富有的上流社会家庭。
　　well-heeled ['wel'hi:ld]
　　【例句】Both families are reasonably well-heeled and comfortably-off。
　　【翻译】两家人都相当富有，都生活得很舒适。
　　well-to-do
　　【例句】She comes from a well-to-do family。
　　【翻译】她出身于一个小康之家。
大的 (big [bɪg])
　　vast [vɑːst]
　　【例句】The pollution has already turned vast areas into a wasteland。
　　【翻译】污染已经使大片地区沦为不毛之地。

massive ['mæsɪv]
　　【例句】We needed to reskill our workforce to cope with massive technological change。
　　【翻译】我们得让工人学习新技能，以应对巨大的技术变革。
　　enormous [ɪ'nɔːməs]
　　【例句】The enormous difficulty makes him cynical about the feasibility of the idea。
　　【翻译】巨大的困难让他对这个主意是否可行持怀疑态度。
　　新的 (new [njuː])
　　brand new [brænd]
　　【例句】Net Electronic Map has become a brand-new way for showing the geographic information。
　　【翻译】网上电子地图已成为一种全新的地理信息展示方式。
　　fresh [freʃ]
　　【例句】The company seemed set to make a fresh start under a new broom。
　　【翻译】公司似乎准备在新任领导的带领下开创新局面。
　　novel ['nɒv(ə)l]
　　【例句】Protesters found a novel way of demonstrating against steeply rising oil prices。
　　【翻译】抗议者找到了抗议油价飞涨的新办法。
高级表达~
1.参加研究生入学考试
do/sit/sit for/take the National Entrance Examination of Postgraduate
2.考生
testee/examinee/candidate/test-taker
student/undergraduate 可以表示考生的意思
3.在引用相关数据和报道的时候可以使用如下表达：
According to the latest report released by S, China’s leading web portal, ...
According to the survey conducted by Sina Weibo, one of China’s leading Twitter-like services,...
Sina Weibo, the Chinese home-grown version of Twitter,...
CASS(Chinese Academy of Social Sciences), a leading Chinese think-tank,...
Baidu, China’s search engine giant,...
Baidu, China’s top search engine,...
Tencent, a Hong Kong listed dot-com,...
China Daily, one of those leading English-language newspapers in the Middle Kingdom, ...

㈠比较 
1. The advantages far outweigh(比…重要) the disadvantages.  
2.The advantages of A are much greater than those of B.     
2. A may be preferable(更可取的) to B, but A suffers from the disadvantages that...   
4.It is reasonable to maintain that … but it would be foolish to claim that …    
5.For all the disadvantages, it has its compensating advantages. 
6.A and B has several points in common.   
7.A bears some resemblances to B.   
8.However, the same is not applicable to B. 
9.The same is true of B.   
10.Wondering as A is ,it has its drawbacks. 

㈡原因 
1. A number of factors are accountable/responsible for this situation.  
2. The answer to this problem involves many factors.  
3.  The phenomenon mainly stems from the fact that...  
4. We may blame.. ,but the real causes are...   
5. Part of the explanations for it is that ...  
6.Another contributing factor (cause) is ... 
7.We have good reasons to believe that… 

㈢措施 
1. Overcome/conquer the difficulties  
2. 2.Do our utmost(极限) in doing…   
3. Take measures/steps/action/approach

㈣变化 
1. A great change will certainly be produced.   
2….bring about many changes. 

㈤事实、现状 
1. We can’t ignore the fact that…   
2. No one can deny the fact that…   
3. There is no denying that… 

㈥后果 
1.  It may give rise to/trigger a host of problems.   
2.  The immediate result it produces is ...   
3.  It will exercise a profound influence upon... 
4.  Its consequence can be so great that... 

㈦批驳 
1.It is true that ..., but one vital point is being left out.(遗漏省略)   
2.There is a grain of(一些) truth in these statements, but they ignore a more important fact.   
3.Some people say ..., but it does not hold water(说得通,站得住脚).  
4.Too much stress placed on ... may lead to ...   
5.Such statements mainly rest/rely on the assumption that ...
6.Contrary to what is widely accepted, I maintain that ...
7.Many of us have been under the illusion that...

㈧举例
1. A good case in point(恰当,中肯) is ...
2. As an illustration(说明), we may take ...
3. Such examples might be given easily.
4. ...is often cited/quoted as an example.

㈨证明
1. According to statistics proved by ..., it can be seen that…
2. The idea is hardly supported by facts.
3. Unfortunately, none of the available data shows ...
4. There is sufficient (enough) evidence to show that ...

㈩开篇
1.Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
2.Recently the phenomenon has become a heated topic.
3.Recently the issue has aroused(唤醒) great concern among ...
4.Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
5.Never in our history has the idea that ... been so popular.(倒装)
6.Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...
7.Only with these measures taken can…

(十一)结尾
1.From what has been discussed above, we can arrive at the conclusion/
draw the conclusion(得出结论) that ...
2.It is high time that strict measures were taken to stop ...
3.In conclusion, it is imperative(必要的,势在必行的) that ...
4.To solve the above-mentioned problem, we must ...
5.In summary, if we continue to ignore the above-mentioned issue, more problems will
crop up.(突然出现)
6.With the efforts of all parts concerned, the problem