河北省保定市新市区2016高考英语-短文改错及阅读理解一轮选练(9).doc

河北省保定市新市区2016高考英语 短文改错和阅读理解一轮选练（9）
阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
An Israeli law banning too-skinny models went into effect with the start of 2013. The law, approved last March in Israel, requires models to prove they have maintained a Body Mass Index(BMI)of at least 18. 5 for three months before a fashion show. That means a woman who is 5’8”tall can weigh no less than 119 pounds.
“This law is another step in the war against eating disorders, ”said physician Adatto. “Underweight models, ”he explained, “can no longer serve as role models for innocent young people who copy their false image of being skinny. ”
But some critics in this country say it is misguided, focusing on weight instead of health. They also say the Israeli ban is bound to fail because of the strong power of the fashion industry. “I think it’s an approach that isn’t going to work, ”said eating disorder expert Susan Ice, who worked with an organization which creates a healthy working environment for models.
But Adatto told the reporter that he began to concern the issue after meeting an aspiring model who looked like she needed to be hospitalized. He said, “I realized that only legislation(立法)can change the situation. There was no time to waste; so many girls were dieting to death. ”
However, the efforts to regulate model’s weight in Spain and Italy have not resulted in part because of difficulties in determining reliable methods of measuring weight and health.
Still, folks including Ice say there’s no denying that images from Hollywood and the fashion industry can be difficult for young women to deal with. “Certainly I don’t believe the modeling industry has caused the rise in eating disorders, but it makes it harder, ”she says. “It’s a difficult recovery environment, worshiping thinness as the beauty ideal. ”
【文章大意】本文讲述了以色列出台了一项新法律, 限制模特太瘦, 此项新法律引起了争议。
1. What does BMI in the first paragraph refer to?
A. A measure of body health based on height and weight.
B. A worldwide prize for the healthier model.
C. A new show held by those skinny models.
D. A kind of medicine to cure eating disorders.
【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据该词后面的at least 18. 5 for three months before a fashion show(在时装表演前至少三个月达到18. 5)可知BMI是一个标准, 所以A项正确。BMI指“身体质量指数”。
2. One benefit the new Israeli law may bring is　　　　.
A. to change the working conditions of models
B. to lower the chance of skinny model’s death
C. to prevent models from suffering from eating disorders
D. to provide guidance for women worshiping thinness
【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This law is another step in the war against eating disorders”可知C项正确。
3. In the opinion of the critics, the law won’t succeed because　　　　.
A. it misleads young women to form a bad eating habit
B. the fashion industry is much too influential
C. it doesn’t provide a proper approach that can work well
D. it doesn’t create a healthy working environment for models
【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“They also say the Israeli ban is bound to fail because of the strong power of the fashion industry. ”可知B项正确。
4. According to the passage, the new Israeli law banning skinny models is　　　　.
A. practical　　　　　　B. acceptable
C. reasonable D. controversial
【解析】选D。观点态度题。本文讲述以色列出台一项法律限制模特过瘦, 文中陈述了正反两种观点, 一种赞成, 一种反对, 所以此项新法律是有争议的。

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Below is from a book of facts.
VITAL STATISTICS—MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS; CAUSES OF DEATH
About 45,800people in the US were killed in the motor vehicle accidents in 2005, according to preliminary figures from the National Safety Council, up 1% from the revised total for 2004. as the number of drivers (201.5 million) and vehicle miles driven (3 trillion) increased in 2005, the death rate per 100 million vehicle miles increased 1% to 1.54%.
US Motor Vehicle Accidents, 2004, 2005
Sources: National Safety Council; Natl. Highway Traffic Safety Admin.
Deaths 2005 % change from 2004 Rate 2005
All motor vehicle accidents……….. 45,800 +1 15.5
Collision between motor vehicles… 19,200 ─1 6.5
Collision with fixed objects………. 13,700 +1 4.6
Pedestrian accidents………………. 6,200 +3 2.1
Collision with pedal cycles……….. 1,000 +11 0.3
(1) Deaths per 100,00 population.

Improper Driving Reported in Accidents 2000, 2002, 2005
Source: National Safety Council
Percentage of percentage of percentage of
fatal accidents injury accidents all accidents
Type 2005 2002 2000 2005 2002 2000 2005 2002 2000
Improper driving…… 62.7 59.5 61.6 62.7 54.7 60.3 58.5 50.3 57.8
Speed too fast or unsafe… 18.1 21.9 18.6 15.0 12.6 16.3 12.7 10.1 13.5
Right of way ……………… 12.2 17.4 10.1 17.5 18.9 19.9 14.3 16.4 20.1
Failed to yield……………. 8.0 10.1 4.6 12.5 14.3 15.0 10.8 11.4 12.7

Disregarded signal……… 1.4 4.0 8.2 2.5 3.3 1.3 1.7 3.4 2.2
Passed stop sign…………. 2.8 3.3 3.8 2.5 1.3 3.6 1.8 1.6 5.6
Drove left of center………. 8.0 5.7 0.7 2.2 0.9 1.1 1.6 0.7 1.0
Improper overtaking…….. 1.4 1.0 0.9 0.6 0.5 2.0 0.8 0.8 2.4
Made improper turn…….. 4.5 0.5 0.7 4.2 1.2 0.6 4.5 1.7 0.9
Followed too closely………. 1.0 0.4 0.9 6.8 2.8 4.3 8.7 3.8 5.7
No improper driving stated..37.3 40.5 38.4 37.3 45.3 39.7 41.5 49.7 42.2
Note: Based on reports from state traffic authorities, when a driver was under the influence of alcohol or drugs, the accident was considered a result of the driver’s physical condition—not a driving error. For this reason, accidents in which the driver was reported to be under the influence are included under “No improper driving stated”.

The Leading Causes of Death in the US, 2004
Source: National Center for Health Statistics, US Dept. Of Health Services
Number Death Rate % of deaths
ALL CAUSESE ………………........... 2,397,615 826.5 100.0
1. Heart disease…………………….. 652,486 222.2 27.2
2. Cancer……………………………. 553,888 188,6 23.1
3. Stroke………………………….…. 150,074 51.1 6.3
4. Chronic lower respiratory diseases… 121,987 41.5 5.1
5. Accidents………………………….. 112,012 38.1 4.7
6. Diabetes mellitus…………………. 73,138 24.9 3.1
7. Alzheimer’s disease………………. 65,965 22.5 2.8
8. Influenza and pneumonia………… 59,664 20.3 2.5
9. Kidney disease…………………… 42,480 14.5 1.8
10. Blood poisoning………………… 33,373 11.4 1.4
11. Intentional self-harm……………. 32,439 11.0 1.4
12. Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis…27,013 9.2 1.1
13. Hypertension and hypertensive renal disease…23,076 7.9 1.0
14. Parkinson’s disease…………………….17,989 6.1 0.8
15. Assault homicide……………………… 17,357 5.9 0.7
All other causes………………………. 414,674 141.2 17.3
(1) Per 100,0000 population.

5. In the US, people killed in all motor vechile accidents in 2005 was more than the total deaths in 2004.
A. 3% B. 11% C. 4% D. 1%
6. Among the leading causes of deaths in the US in 2004, “Accidents” took up .
A. 27.2% B. 2.5% C. 9.2% D. 4.7%
7. When a driver was under the influnce of acohol or drugs, the accident was included under .
A. Other improper driving B. Driving errors
C. No improper driving stated D. Improper driving
【参考答案】5—7、DDC

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
If you're someone who is eager to do something beyond the ordinary, you must have figured out by now that there will always be those who are jealous or resentful(怨恨) of your success.
It doesn't matter that you've worked long and hard to get where you are, nor that you've made great sacrifices in achieving your goals. The "haters" will always find a reason to speak ill of you and even condemn you.
They're spiteful (恨的) people who envy you the pride you have in yourself and the recognition you're receiving from others. They can't stand it that you're happy, fulfilled and achieving your goals.
These hateful individuals are unwilling to do the work that you've done. They hate your success but are too lazy to invest real time or energy in achieving their own goals.
The thing you need to know about these haters is that the only reason they behave this way is that you have something they want, but they aren't willing to work for it.
The haters are convinced that you've been lucky or that you've had some unfair advantage, but the truth is that your success is born of your untiring efforts, and it's these efforts that have brought about your "luck."
The best way to deal with haters is what I call the "one-two punch." First, don't let them hurt you. Be happy about your success and proud of your accomplishments. Company with those who approve you, recognize you and support you, and never doubt that you deserve all the success. The haters are angry, jealous people. What they think or say is meaningless.
Next, the more the haters annoy you, the more you should be motivated to succeed. They want to ruin you, but your response should be to work that much harder in order to increase your level of success.
When your reaction to their bad behavior has inspired you to achieve further success, you've transformed the haters' negativity (消极) into fuel for your creative fires. Not only can they not hurt you but they've inspired you onto even greater heights by chance.
41. Why will the "haters" always find a reason to speak ill of you?
A. They care more about you. B. You always work too hard.
C. You are lazy but proud. D. They envy you the success.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。题目在第二段命题，答案在第三四段出现，D选项为直接的因果关系。他们嫉妒你的成功，故选D。
42. In haters' opinion, one reason why they don't hate is that__________.
A. you achieve your goals B. they can't bear your delight
C. they deserve what you own D. you make unlimited efforts
【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。C选项与第五段that you have something they want but they aren't willing to work for it相符，不是他们所恨的。故选C。
43. According to the passage, one of the best ways to deal with haters is __________.
A. to get rid of them B. to work even harder
C. to share the happiness D. to motivate them
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据They want to ruin you, but your response should be to work that much harder in order to increase your level of success.处理恨最好的方式是更加努力地工作，故选B。
44. What 's the author's attitude to the "haters"?
A. supportive. B. sympathetic.
C. angry. D. Critical.
【答案】D
【解析】态度推理题。从全文作者的语气和最后一段可推出，D选项正确。critical批评的。故选D。
45. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph?
A. to encourage those who are envied. B. To present an active opinion.
C. To teach haters a lesson. D. To give information about success.
【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。从最后一段的关键词“inspired”可推断A正确。这从该段开头句和后一句的大意：你对待敌意的方式会激励你取得更大的成就，这些欺负你的人再也伤不了你，反而会鞭策你更上一层楼。故选A。

1.短文改错
下面文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在该句下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：
1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Patience is of great importance in our daily life. Once I waited a bus to come at a stop. 30 minutes past, but no bus came. Both upset and annoyed, I decided to walk on feet. But no sooner had I left when the bus arrived. I thought if I had waited for one more minute, I would have caught it. If I chose to take a next bus, I would have to wait for other 30 minutes. Only then do I realized my problem. Being impatient will possible waste all the effort that we have put it in. now whenever I am close to lose my patience, I’ll think of this experience.
【参考答案】1.
Patience is of great importance in our daily life. Once I waited ∧ a bus to come at a stop. 30
for
minutes past, but no bus came. Both upset and annoyed, I decided to walk on feet. But no sooner
passed foot
had I left when the bus arrived. I thought if I had waited for one more minute, I would have
than
caught it. If I chose to take a next bus, I would have to wait for other 30 minutes. Only then do I
the another did
realize my problem. Being impatient will possible waste all the effort that we have put it in.
possibly
w Now, henever I am close to lose my patience, I’ll think of this experience.
losing

2.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（），并在其下写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Jenny,
Pm so worried when I see that you’re not a little tired and nervous about the coming
College Entrance Examination; Here is some advices to help you prepare the coming exam.
Have enough sleep, whatever much work you have to do，or you’ll feel sleepy on an
occasion in class. A balanced diet will certainly help a lot. Having more fresh fruit and
vegetables every day are good for you. Which you know, a proper method of learning will
enable you to learn more and faster. To get better results, that is wise to be attentive and make
every effort to gain knowledge. And you were supposed to review your notes taking down after
class every day. Always remember to stay happily and optimistic so that you can be energetic
while doing the revision. I hope you’ll no longer feel tired and nervous.
Best wishes.
Yours,
Li Ming
【参考答案】2.
第二句：advices改成advice；prepare后加for。
第三句：whatever改成however；删去an。
第五句：are改成is。
第六句：Which改成As。
第七句：that改成it。
第八句：were改成are；taking改成taken。
第九句：happily改成happy。

3.短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（﹨）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线（___），并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Dear Alice,
I have just got a good news to tell you. I win a national prize for painting last week. My father was so pleasing that he suggested I go to England for a holiday. I’d like to staying there for half a month, visiting place of interest and practicing my English as well. We’ve been written to each other for nearly a year now. I have often dreamed of talk face to face with you.I imagine you’ll be at vacation yourself by that time. Perhaps you will go out do some sightseeing together.
Best,Lily
【参考答案】3.
I have just got a(去掉) good news to tell you. I win （win→won）a national prize for painting last week. My father was so pleasing(pleasing→pleased) that he suggested I go to England for a holiday. I’d like to staying(staying→stay) there for half a month, visiting place(place→places) of inter