第七章-泌尿系统ppt课件.ppt

第七章 泌尿系统urin(o)-Urine 尿2-1urine/5juErin/尿urinary/5juErinEri/尿的urinogenital/7juErinEu5dVenitl/泌尿生殖的urination 排尿ur(o)-Urine 尿2-2hem(a)-/hemo-/hemat(o)-血hematuria/7hi:mE5tjuriE/血尿polyuria/7pCli5juEriE/多尿症urobilin/7juErEu5bailin/尿胆素bili-胆汁in-素anuria/E5njuEriE/无尿ren(o)-Kidney肾2-1renography/ri:5nCrEfi/肾图renovescular/ri:nuveskjul/肾血管的surprarenal/sju:prri:nl/肾上的lienorenal/lainri:nl/脾肾的nephr(o)-Kidney2-2nephritis/ne5fraitis/肾肾炎炎 nephroblastoma/7nefrEublAs5tEumE/肾肾母母细细胞胞瘤瘤hydronephrosis/7haidrEune5frEusis/肾积肾积水水glomerulonephritis/lEu7merju7lEunef5raitis/肾小球肾小球肾肾炎炎ureter(o)-Ureter/juEri:t/输尿管1-1ureterocele/juErtrusi:l/输尿管膨出ureteroenteric /juErtruenterik/输尿管肠的ureteric/juErterik/输尿管的ureteroneocystostomy /juErtru7niEusis5tCstEmi/输尿管膀胱再吻合术vesic(o)-Bladder膀胱2-1vesicoureteral/vesikujuE5ri:tErl/膀胱输尿管的intravesical/intrvesikl/膀胱内的vesical/5vesikEl/膀胱的rectovesical/rektu5vesikEl/直肠膀胱的cyst(o)-Bladder膀胱2-2cystitis/sis5taitis/膀胱炎cystoptosis/sistu5ptEusis/膀胱下垂cystography/sIstCgrEfI/膀胱造影cystostomy/sis5tCstEmi/膀胱造瘘术 urethr(o)-Urethra/jJE5ri:WrE/尿道 2-1urethritis/7juEri5Wraitis/尿道炎urethral/jJE5ri:WrEl/尿道的urethrography /7juEri5WrCrEfi/尿道造影urethroscopy/9jJErIWrCskEpI/尿道镜检查meat(o)-Urethra尿道2-2meatorrhaphy/7mi:EtEurfi/尿道口缝术meatoscopy/7mi:EtEuskupi/尿道口镜检查meatotome/7miE5tCtEm/尿道口刀meatotomy/7miE5tCtEmi/尿道口切开术test(o)-testicul(o)-5-1、2Testis睾丸testosterone/tes5tCstErEun/睾酮testicular/tes5tikjulE/睾丸的ovotestis/7EuvE5testis/卵睾体methyltestosterone/meWIltes5tCstErEun/甲荃睾酮 orchi(o)-orchid(o)-53、4Testis睾丸orchitis/C:5kaitis/睾丸炎clonorchiasis/klunsis/支睾吸虫病cryptorchidism/krIptR:kIdIzEm/隐睾Crypto-隐orchiectomy/7C:ki5ektEmi/睾丸切除术 didym(o)-55Testis睾丸epididymal/7epi5didiml/附睾的epididymis/7epi5didimis/附睾epididymitis/7epi7didi5maitis/睾丸炎+didymitis睾丸炎didymo-itis epididymoorchitis/7epididimCC:5kaitis/附睾睾丸炎 Epididymo-附睾+orcho-睾丸+-itis炎+epididymotomy附睾切开术Prostat(o)-前列腺prostateprostatic /prCs5tAtik/前列腺的prostatitis/7prCstE5taitis/前列腺炎puboprostatic/5pju:buprCs5tAtik/耻骨前列腺的pubicoprostatic/5pju:bikuprCs5tAtik/耻骨前列腺的pelvi(o)-肾盂2-1Renal pelvispelvilithotomy /pelvili5WCtEmi/肾盂切开取石术pelviureteroradiography/pelvijuE7ri:tErEreIdI5RrEfI/肾盂输尿管造影术pelvioileoneocystostomy/pelviEu7iliEu 7niEusis5tCstEmi/肾盂回肠膀胱吻合术pelvioplasty肾盂成形术pyel(o)-肾盂2-2Renal pelvispyelonephritis/,pailunifraitis/肾盂肾炎pyelography/,pailgrfi/肾盂造影pylovenous/,pailuvi:ns/肾盂肾静脉的Pyeloureterectasis/,pailujuri:trektsis/肾盂输尿管扩张hypospadia/7haipEu5speidiE/尿道下裂hypo-/5haIpEJ/在.之下,亚,次,次于,不足,从属于hypos/5haipEuz/疑病(症)cryptorchidism /krIptR:kIdIzEm/隐睾crypto-/krIptEJ/隐秘-ism:the state of Translationcryptorchid /krip5tC:kid/患隐睾病的人(或动物)(亦作cryptochis)balanitis balano-龟头，阴蒂头phimosis /fai5mEusis/包茎,包皮过长hydrocele/5haidrE7si:l/积水,阴囊积水hydro-/5haIdrEJ/水,液,流体；氢的含氢的varicocele/vArIkEJsi:l/精索静脉曲张varico-/vArIkEJ/静脉肿prostatic/5prCstEtizEm/前列腺的hyperplasia 增生hyper-/5haIpE(r)/超级,超过,超越,在.之上,高于,过度testosterone/5stiErEun/甾酮,固酮estrogen/5estrEdVEn/雌激素estro-雌,动情期nocturia/nCk5tjuEriE/夜尿症,遗尿症noct-/nocti-：夜(用于元音之前的)prostatomegaly /prCstEtEu/前列腺-y:名词后缀megalo-/meElEJ/巨大的,不正常的扩张hematogenous/7hemE5tCdVinEs/造血的,香港新闻工作者从业词典 流行病学家流行病学家epidemiologistepidemiologist研究病毒样本研究病毒样本studying the viral samplesstudying the viral samples研发治疗方法研发治疗方法develop treatmentsdevelop treatments胃下垂胃下垂gastroptosisgastroptosis胃炎胃炎gastritisgastritis胃痉挛胃痉挛gastrospasmgastrospasm胃溃疡胃溃疡gastric ulcergastric ulcer胃扩张胃扩张gastrectasisgastrectasis背部肌肉抽筋背部肌肉抽筋/抽搐抽搐felt a muscle spasm in her felt a muscle spasm in her backback致命的病毒致命的病毒the deadly virusthe deadly virus致命的病菌致命的病菌virulent bacteriavirulent bacteria致命的感冒菌致命的感冒菌murderous flumurderous flu要解决问题，就要从它的根源处着手。要解决问题，就要从它的根源处着手。We have to solve the problem from the root.We have to solve the problem from the root.降低心脏病发机率达四成降低心脏病发机率达四成cut the risk of heart cut the risk of heart attack up to 40%attack up to 40%面容苍白而憔悴面容苍白而憔悴looking exhausted and palelooking exhausted and pale面部麻痹面部麻痹facial nerve palsyfacial nerve palsy风疹风疹rubella/German measlesrubella/German measles风湿病学家风湿病学家rheumatologistrheumatologist风湿热风湿热rheumatic feverrheumatic fever食肉菌感染食肉菌感染flesh-eating bacteria infectionflesh-eating bacteria infection哮喘哮喘asthmaasthma气喘气喘wheezewheeze消化不良消化不良digestive disordersdigestive disorders狭心症狭心症angina pectorisangina pectoris病毒病毒virusvirus病毒在体内潜伏多年。病毒在体内潜伏多年。The virus remains latent in the body for many years.The virus remains latent in the body for many years.病毒学家病毒学家virologistvirologist病理学家病理学家pathologistpathologist病菌病菌/细菌细菌germgerm；Germ is a general word for viruses and bacteria.Germ is a general word for viruses and bacteria.病征包括晕眩、呕吐和失去听觉病征包括晕眩、呕吐和失去听觉can cause dizziness,nausea and can cause dizziness,nausea and hearing losshearing loss破伤风破伤风tetanustetanus神秘疾病神秘疾病mystery illnessmystery illness胰岛细胞增殖症胰岛细胞增殖症nesidioblastosisnesidioblastosis脊柱裂脊柱裂spina bifidaspina bifida送院时血糖过低送院时血糖过低have low blood sugar levels when he was admitted have low blood sugar levels when he was admitted to hospitalto hospital退伍军人症退伍军人症Legionnaires diseaseLegionnaires disease高血压高血压hypertensionhypertension干咳干咳dry coughdry cough偏头痛偏头痛migrainemigraine动脉硬化动脉硬化arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosisarteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis基因重组后的病毒基因重组后的病毒recombinant virusrecombinant virus常见疾病常见疾病common diseasescommon diseases带菌者带菌者carriercarrier患上患上catch/come down with/get/contractcatch/come down with/get/contract患肺病的患肺病的consumptiveconsumptive患哮喘的儿童患哮喘的儿童asthmatic childrenasthmatic children排列排列SARSSARS冠状病毒的基因组序列冠状病毒的基因组序列sequenced the genome sequenced the genome of the SARS coronavirusof the SARS coronavirus第一个已知的带菌者第一个已知的带菌者the first known carrierthe first known carrier第一号杀手第一号杀手the leading killerthe leading killer细菌细菌bacteriabacteria（plpl）/bacterium/bacterium（singsing）细菌感染细菌感染bacterial infectionbacterial infection细菌温床细菌温床fertile grounds for germsfertile grounds for germs贫血贫血anemiaanemia这和有效的防治计划背道而驰。这和有效的防治计划背道而驰。Thats antithetical to effective prevention programs.Thats antithetical to effective prevention programs.造成肺水肿造成肺水肿caused lungs to fill with fluidcaused lungs to fill with fluid透过体液传播透过体液传播is transmitted through body fluidsis transmitted through body fluids雪梨型感冒雪梨型感冒Sydney fluSydney flu最备受忽视的疾病最备受忽视的疾病the most ignored illnessesthe most ignored illnesses喉头炎喉头炎laryngitislaryngitis插喉插喉/插管插管intubationintubation斑疹伤寒斑疹伤寒typhustyphus猩红热猩红热scarlet fever/scarlatinascarlet fever/scarlatina痢疾痢疾dysenterydysentery痛风痛风goutgout痉挛痉挛went into convulsionswent into convulsions发病率发病率incidenceincidence发烧发烧/发热发热have a fever/have a temperature/run a have a fever/have a temperature/run a temperature/feverishtemperature/feverish肾病病人肾病病人kidney patientskidney patients肾衰竭肾衰竭suffering from renal failure/kidney failuresuffering from renal failure/kidney failure着凉着凉got a chillgot a chill莱姆病莱姆病Lyme diseaseLyme disease菌血症菌血症bacteremiabacteremia诈病诈病/装病装病feigning sickfeigning sick超级病菌超级病菌superbugsuperbug超过四分一的香港人患有高血压。超过四分一的香港人患有高血压。More than one in four people in Hong Kong has high blood pressure.More than one in four people in Hong Kong has high blood pressure.黄疸黄疸jaundicejaundice伤风伤风common coldcommon cold微生物微生物microorganismsmicroorganisms微生物学家微生物学家microbiologistmicrobiologist感到感到*、作呕、作呕feel nauseousfeel nauseous感染该病毒感染该病毒have contracted the virushave contracted the virus爱滋病毒可以在体内潜伏十年而没有任何病征。爱滋病毒可以在体内潜伏十年而没有任何病征。The virus can hole up in the body for up to 10 years The virus can hole up in the body for up to 10 years without triggering symptoms.without triggering symptoms.新陈代谢症候群新陈代谢症候群metabolic syndromemetabolic syndrome肠胃炎肠胃炎gastroenteritisgastroenteritis肠胃科肠胃科GastroenterologyGastroenterology肠病毒肠病毒enterovirusenterovirus肠球菌肠球菌EnterococciEnterococci腮腺炎腮腺炎mumpsmumps腹部绞痛腹部绞痛crampcramp腺病毒腺病毒adenovirusadenovirus脑炎脑炎encephalitisencephalitis脑炎、脑膜炎（脑炎、脑膜炎（20052005年初在中国爆发的脑炎称为年初在中国爆发的脑炎称为meningitismeningitis）meningitismeningitis脑溢血中风脑溢血中风strokestroke该病毒可透过不断变种，由果子狸传往人类。该病毒可透过不断变种，由果子狸传往人类。The virus could jump from civet cats to humans through continuous The virus could jump from civet cats to humans through continuous mutation.mutation.预防慢性疾病专家预防慢性疾病专家an expert in chronic-disease preventionan expert in chronic-disease prevention顽劣的病菌顽劣的病菌rogue germsrogue germs厌食症厌食症anorexiaanorexia呕吐呕吐vomitvomit对某物敏感对某物敏感is allergic to somethingis allergic to something慢性疾病慢性疾病chronic maladieschronic maladies疯牛症疯牛症mad cow diseasemad cow disease疯牛症患者通常在病发后六个月内不治。疯牛症患者通常在病发后六个月内不治。CJD usually kills within six months of the first CJD usually kills within six months of the first symptoms appearing.symptoms appearing.膀胱炎膀胱炎cystitiscystitis蓄脓症蓄脓症sinusitissinusitis鼻炎鼻炎rhinitisrhinitis潜伏期潜伏期incubation period/latency periodincubation period/latency period潜伏期可长达三十年潜伏期可长达三十年can lie dormant for 30 yearscan lie dormant for 30 years蔓延全国的传染病蔓延全国的传染病pandemicpandemic猪链球菌猪链球菌streptococcus suisstreptococcus suis器官受损器官受损suffered organ damagesuffered organ damage导致不良于行导致不良于行causes clumsiness of movementcauses clumsiness of movement导致气促和耳鸣导致气促和耳鸣cause shortness of breath and ringing in the earscause shortness of breath and ringing in the ears糖尿病糖尿病diabetesdiabetes罹患不治之症、身患绝症罹患不治之症、身患绝症have an incurable disorderhave an incurable disorder罹患心血管疾病的机会较高罹患心血管疾病的机会较高run an elevated risk of cardiovascular run an elevated risk of cardiovascular diseasedisease诺沃克病毒诺沃克病毒the Norwalk virusthe Norwalk virus霍乱霍乱choleracholera脓疮脓疮abscessabscess隐形杀手隐形杀手hidden killerhidden killer旧病复发旧病复发suffered from a recurrence of her old sicknesssuffered from a recurrence of her old sickness坏血病坏血病scurvyscurvy藻源中毒藻源中毒algal poisoningalgal poisoning囊肿性纤维化囊肿性纤维化cystic fibrosiscystic fibrosis验身结果显示他患有末期肝癌，只剩六个月寿命。验身结果显示他患有末期肝癌，只剩六个月寿命。Tests showed he had advanced liver cancer and he was Tests showed he had advanced liver cancer and he was given six months to live.given six months to live.体温体温body temperaturebody temperature霉浆菌肺炎霉浆菌肺炎mycoplasma pneumoniamycoplasma pneumonia（生病时）变得较为清醒（生病时）变得较为清醒became more lucidbecame more lucid（蜜蜂）螫伤（蜜蜂）螫伤sting sting（n n）/（vi vi）（）（vtvt）一瘸一拐地走一瘸一拐地走limplimp人工呼吸人工呼吸kiss of lifekiss of life；is given the kiss of lifeis given the kiss of life下身瘫痪的女人下身瘫痪的女人a paraplegic womana paraplegic woman大量出血大量出血bleeding profuselybleeding profusely小伤口小伤口/小溃烂小溃烂small soressmall sores化脓、溃烂、发炎化脓、溃烂、发炎suppurate/festersuppurate/fester；The wound is festeringThe wound is festering，and and gangrene has set in.gangrene has set in.手脚已经恢复有限度的动作和感觉手脚已经恢复有限度的动作和感觉has regained a limited degree of has regained a limited degree of movement and sensation in his hands and feetmovement and sensation in his hands and feet包括两名头破血流的男子包括两名头破血流的男子including at least two men whose heads were seen including at least two men whose heads were seen to be covered in bloodto be covered in blood包扎伤口包扎伤口dressed the wounddressed the wound包扎头部伤口包扎头部伤口bandaged his headbandaged his head叫救伤车叫救伤车/召唤救护车召唤救护车called the emergency servicescalled the emergency services四肢瘫痪的人四肢瘫痪的人quadriplegicquadriplegic左脚脚踝骨裂左脚脚踝骨裂a fractured left anklea fractured left ankle因冻伤而失去一条腿因冻伤而失去一条腿/冻坏了一条腿冻坏了一条腿/冻死了一条腿冻死了一条腿lost her leg to frostbitelost her leg to frostbite在吐血在吐血vomiting bloodvomiting blood在车祸中脑部受创在车祸中脑部受创suffering brain injuries in a car accidentsuffering brain injuries in a car accident在路上冻死在路上冻死froze to death on the wayfroze to death on the way多处骨折及内出血多处骨折及内出血suffer multiple fractures and internal breedingsuffer multiple fractures and internal breeding自颈部以下瘫痪自颈部以下瘫痪paralysed form the neck downparalysed form the neck down血从伤口渗出。血从伤口渗出。Blood was oozing out of the wound.Blood was oozing out of the wound.助行架助行架walking framewalking frame我扭伤了腰。我扭伤了腰。I wrenched my waist.I wrenched my waist.扭伤扭伤sprain sprain（n n）/（vtvt）/wrench/wrench（n n）/（vi vi）（）（vtvt）；）；sprains/wrenches his anklesprains/wrenches his ankle没有受伤没有受伤uninjureduninjured没有复原希望没有复原希望has no hope of recoveryhas no hope of recovery身体多处受伤身体多处受伤suffered multiple injuries to her bodysuffered multiple injuries to her body使苏醒使苏醒resuscitation resuscitation（n n）/resuscitate/resuscitate（vi vi）（）（vtvt）受了几处枪伤受了几处枪伤incurring a series of gunshot woundsincurring a series of gunshot wounds受了轻伤受了轻伤suffered minor injuries/suffered light injuriessuffered minor injuries/suffered light injuries受重伤的人受重伤的人badly injured peoplebadly injured people拉伤拉伤pull a musclepull a muscle拐杖拐杖crutchcrutch疙瘩、肿块疙瘩、肿块lumplump疤疤scar scar（n n）/scarred/scarred（a a）；）；The accident left him scarred for life.The accident left him scarred for life.倒卧于血泊中倒卧于血泊中lying dead in a pool of bloodlying dead in a pool of blood冻伤冻伤frostbitefrostbite冻伤了的手指冻伤了的手指frostbitten fingersfrostbitten fingers骨折骨折suffered broken bonessuffered broken bones骨折骨折/折断折断fracture fracture（n n）/（vi vi）（）（vtvt）；）；fractures his arm/The fractures his arm/The fracture of his left leg is very serious.fracture of his left leg is very serious.从轮椅站起来从轮椅站起来rose from her wheelchairrose from her wheelchair终生坐轮椅终生坐轮椅was permanently confined to a wheelchairwas permanently confined to a wheelchair脱臼脱臼dislocatedislocate被发现躺卧在血泊中昏迷不醒被发现躺卧在血泊中昏迷不醒were found lying unconscious in pools were found lying unconscious in pools of bloodof blood造成大量出血造成大量出血causing massive breedingcausing massive breeding发炎的发炎的inflamedinflamed；an inflamed eyean inflamed eye，a inflamed left kneea inflamed left knee当场死亡当场死亡/当场丧生当场丧生died instantlydied instantly脚上联了几针脚上联了几针had several stitches in his leghad several stitches in his leg肿胀肿胀puffypuffy脑震荡脑震荡concussion concussion（u u）/concuss/concuss（vtvt）；）；is concussed/suffer from is concussed/suffer from concussionconcussion该名女子头部重创。该名女子头部重创。The woman received serious head injuries.The woman received serious head injuries.过劳受伤过劳受伤strain strain（n n）/（vi vi）（）（vtvt）；）；John strained his eyes by John strained his eyes by reading too much small print./The athlete is suffering from muscular reading too much small print./The athlete is suffering from muscular strain.strain.撞伤撞伤bruise bruise（vi vi）（）（vtvt）/（n n）；）；bruise my head/gets several cuts bruise my head/gets several cuts and bruises on his faceand bruises on his face膝部联了七至八针膝部联了七至八针got seven or eight stitches in his kneegot seven or eight stitches in his knee轮椅轮椅wheelchairwheelchair烧伤烧伤burn burn（n n）/（vi vi）（）（vtvt）烫伤烫伤scald scald（n n）/（vi vi）（）（vtvt）；）；scalds his tonguescalds his tongue磨损磨损abrasionabrasion颈和腰受重伤致死was mortally wounded in the neck and stomach颈部以下全身瘫痪paralysed from the neck down颈部受轻伤received slight injuries to his neck头部重伤致死died of serious head injuries头颈受伤suffered bruising to their heads and necks擦伤擦伤graze graze（vi vi）（）（vtvt）/（n n）；）；grazes his kneegrazes his knee擦伤前额擦伤前额suffered a bruised foreheadsuffered a bruised forehead联针联针stitch stitch（n n）/（v v）；）；He had three stitches He had three stitches on his face./stitch up the cuton his face./stitch up the cut鲜血不断从他破裂的头胪渗出鲜血不断从他破裂的头胪渗出blood seeping from blood seeping from is crushed skullis crushed skull旧患旧患old woundsold wounds医生用了两小时力图令她苏醒，终告失败，她最医生用了两小时力图令她苏醒，终告失败，她最后不治逝世。后不治逝世。She died after two hours of resuscitation failed.She died after two hours of resuscitation failed.