现代热门词汇词义新解——G.doc

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现代热门词汇词义新解——G 2008-01-30　　改革开放 reform and opening-up; reform and opening to the outside world 改革开放的总设计师　 chief architect of the reform and opening up policy 改革开放和社会主义现代化建设 reform and opening and in the modernization drive 改革试点 pilot reform; reform experimentation; pilot restructuring enterprise 盖洛普民意调查 Gallup Poll 盖帽了 great; excellent; wonderful 概念车 concept car 概念商品 concept goods 改善农民进城就业环境 improve the employment environment for rural workers in cities 改善农牧民生产生活条件 improve the living and production conditions of farmers and herdsmen 改善缺医少药的状况 alleviate the shortage of medical services and medicines 改制上市 (of an enterprise)get listed on the stock market after being re-organized according the modern corporate system 改革开放和现代化建设的全过程 the entire process of reform, opening-up and modernization 干部队伍革命化、年轻化、知识化、专业化 make the ranks of cadres more revolutionary, younger in average age, better educated and professionally more competent 干部下放 arrange for cadres to go to work at grassroots units or participate in physical labor 感到不妙 I smell a rat. 尴尬，困境，糟糕 pretty pass 甘居下游 be resigned to backwardness 感情投资 investment in human relationships 赶时髦 follow the fashion; want to be in the swim of things 干细胞 stem cell 感谢款待的信 a bread and butter letter (a letter sent as thanks for being treated well as someone's guest) 赶超先进 surpass the advanced 港澳台 Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan 港人治港 Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong 岗位津贴 post allowance 岗位培训 on-the-job training　岗位责任制　 work post responsibility 港务局 port office; harbor authority 高保真音乐 hi-fi music 高材生 top student 高层次、全方位的对话 high-level and all-directional dialogue 高产优质 high yield and high quality 告吹 fizzle out; fall through; fail 高等教育“211工程” the “211” Project for higher education 高等教育自学考试 self-study higher education examination 高度自治 high degree of autonomy 高端产品 high-end product 高发期 high-incidence season 高分低能 high scores and low abilities 高峰 peak time 高峰论坛 summit forum 高干 high-ranking official; senior cadre 高杠杆交易机构 highly-leveraged institutions(HLI) 高官会 Senior Officials Meeting (SOM) 搞花架子 do something superficial 搞活国营大中型企业 invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 告急 be in an emergency; report an emergency; ask for emergency help 高级检察官 senior public procurator 高级经理人员 high-level managerial personnel; senior personnel 高级商务师 certified business executive; senior business engineer; high-level economist; senior commercialist 高级设备 sophisticated equipment 高技术产业化 apply high technology to production 高架公路 elevated highway; overhead road 高架轻轨 elevated railway 高精尖技术 high-grade, high-precision, advanced technology 高举邓小平理论伟大旗帜，全面贯彻“三个代表”重要思想 hold high the banner of Deng Xiaoping Theory and carry out the important thoughts of "Three Represents" 高考 college (or university) entrance examination 高科技板块 high-tech sector 高难度动作 stunner, stunt 高清晰度 high definition 高清晰度电视 high definition TV 高手 master hand, expert (精通电脑和网络的)高手 geek 高危人群 high-risk group 高消费 high consumption 高效节能 energy-efficient 高校扩招后首批毕业生 college graduates who were the first to be enrolled under the college expansion of 1999 高校扩招计划 college expansion plan 告小状 secretly report on somebody; rat on somebody 高新技术产业开发区 high-tech industrial development zone 高新技术产业化 industrial application of new and high technologies 高压手段 high-pressure tactics 高原反应,高山反应 altitude stress; altitude sickness 高知 high-level intellectual 高指标 high target 高净值 high net worth (In Britain, the number of women of "high net worth" status (classified as those with onshore liquid assets of more than ￡200,000) overtook men in 2005 - with 448,100 rich women compared to 429,300 men.) 高素质新型军事人才 high- caliber military personnel 高致病性禽流感 highly pathogenic bird flu 个案 individual case (involving special circumstances) 各大菜系 major styles of cooking 个股 individual share 各行各业 every walk of life 隔行扫描 interlacing scan 各尽所能 let each person do his best; from each according to his ability 各就各位 On your marks! 隔离病房 isolation ward (公路）隔离带 median strip 格列佛游记 Gulliver's Travels 革命老区 old revolutionary base areas 革命气派 revolutionary mettle 革命伤残军人 disabled revolutionary servicemen 鸽派 dove faction 个人成就感 sense of personal achievement 个人储蓄帐户 personal savings account 个人购房贷款 individual housing loan 个人结算帐户 personal clearing account 个人理财计划 personal financing plan 各人民团体 mass organizations 个人收入应税申报制度 the system of the declaration of individual incomes for tax payment 个人收入调节税 individual (personal) income regulation tax 个人数字助理 PDA (personal digital assistant) 个人所得税 personal income tax 个人信用制度 individual credit rating system 个人演唱会 solo concert 个人银行卡帐户 personal bank card account 个人质押贷款 personal pledged loan 各人自扫门前雪，莫管他人瓦上霜 hoe one's own potatoes 个体户，个体经营 privately or individually-owned business 个体经济 private economy 根本政治制度 fundamental political system 跟屁虫 1.one's shadow; to tag along; 2. flatterer, boot licker, ass-kisser, brown-noser 跟着感觉走 go with the flow; follow one's heart; do what one thinks is right 跟踪审计 follow-up auditing 根除腐败 root out corruption; eliminate corruption 更加注重搞好宏观调控，更加注重统筹兼顾，更加注重以人为本 pay more attention to exercising macro-control, balancing the interests of all parties, putting people first. 更快、更高、更强（奥运精神） Citius, Altius, Fortius ( Faster, Higher, Stronger--Olympic Spirit ) 《更紧密经贸关系的安排》 CEPA; Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement 个人护理用品 personal care supplies 个人隐私 individual privacy 各种所有制金融企业 financial enterprises of different ownership 工笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting 共产党领导下的多党合作与政治协商 multi-party cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of Communist Party 工程公司 engineering company 工程验收 acceptance check of work 公房商品化 commercialization of public housing 公费旅游 junket; facility trip 公费医疗 free medical service; free medicare; public health service 功夫不负有心人 Everything comes to him who waits. 工夫茶 congou--a kind of Chinese black tea prepared with care 功夫片 kungfu film 公告板服务 Bulletin Board Service (BBS) 公共卫生设施 public health infrastructure 公关 public relations 攻关 tackle a critical point 攻关计划 the Program for Tackling Key Problems 公积金 public accumulation fund; public reserve funds 公检法机关 public security organs, procuratorial organs and people's courts 公开喊价市场 open outcry market 公款吃喝 recreational activities using public funds 工龄工资 seniority pay 公民投票 referendum; plebiscite 公平定价 arm's-length pricing 公平合理 fairness and justifiableness 工商局 industrial and commercial bureau 工商联营 combined management of industry and commerce 工时 man-hour 公司分立与解散 separation and dissolution of a company 公私合营 public-private joint management 公司债券 corporate bond 共同安全 common security 共同富裕 common prosperity 共同利益 common interests 公务员 civil servant 恭喜发财 May you be prosperous!; Wish you prosperity. 工薪阶层 salaried person/group 公休 work recess 供养资金 funding 工业股票 industrial stock 工业化和城镇化水平 levels of industrialization and urbanization 工业控制一体化 integrated industrial control; industrial control of integration 工业停滞 industrial stagnation 工业园区 industrial park 公益广告 public-interest ad 公益活动 public benefit activities 公益林 public welfare forest 公益性文化事业 non-profit cultural undertakings 公益性文化事业 non-profit cultural undertakings 公证 notary service 公证财产 notarize the properties 公正、公平、公开 just, fair and open 公众投资 public investments 工资税 payroll tax 工资削减 pay-cut 工作狂 workaholic 工作室 studio 工作午餐 working lunch 公平竞争 fair competition 公共监查 public oversight 公共汽车候车亭 bus shelter 公共文化基础设施 culture-related facilities for public use 公开或变相涨价 to raise prices openly or in convert forms 公勺（多人吃饭时公用的） service spoon 公司犯罪 corporate abuse / crime / cheat / fraud / wrongdoing / misconduct 共同关心的问题 issue of common concern 共同基金 mutual funds 公益文化活动 nonprofit cultural programs 公有制 public ownership 公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度 the basic economic system of keeping public ownership as the mainstay of the economy and allowing diverse forms of ownership to develop side by side 公众听证会 public hearings 工资正常增长机制 a mechanism for regular pay increases 购买力 purchasing power 购买欲 desire to buy; desire to purchase 狗腿子 henchman; lackey; hired thug 购物车 shopping trolley 购物券 coupon 构想 conceptualization 狗仔队 "dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to those journalists who are hunting the news of celebrities.)" 股本 share capital 股本回报率 return on equity 股本金 equity capital 固定电话运营商 fixed-line telecom carrier 固定电话初装费 installation fees for fixed-line telephones 固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets; fixed asset investment 股东会 board of shareholders 股份公司 joint-stock company 股份合作制 shareholding cooperative system 有限责任公司 limited liability company 股份有限公司 limited liability company 股份制 shareholding system; joint-stock system 骨干企业 key enterprise 鼓励奖 consolation prize 股民 investor 股票期权 the stock option 股票转让制度 the stock-transfer system 股市行情 the ups and downs of the stock market 股指 stock index 刮鼻子 criticize; reprimand 挂靠 be attached or affiliated to; be subordinate to 挂靠户 an adjunct organization 挂牌开业 hang out one's shingle; put one's name plate in (a certain street) 挂职 1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself); 2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining one's position in the previous unit 挂职下放 transfer to lower units with one's post retained 关闭效应 blackout effect 观潮派 those who take a wait-and-see attitude; fence-straddler 观光电梯 sightseeing (tourist) lift 关联交易 connected transaction 关贸总协定(世界贸易组织的前身) GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关门态度 closed-door attitude 官商 state-operated commerce 关税壁垒 customs barrier; tariff wall 关税配额 tariff quota 关停并转 close down, suspend operation, merge with others or shift to different line of production; rationalize 观望态度 wait-and-see attitude 关系网 connection network; relationship network 关于进一步加强农村教育工作的决定 Decision on Further Strengthening Rural Education 冠状病毒 corona virus 广播电视大学 radio and television university 光碟，光盘 compact disk; CD 广而告之 publicize widely 广告词 jingle 广告代理行 advertising agent 广告电话直销 direct response advertising 广告画 poster 广告妙语 attention-getter 广告人 advertising man; adman 广告宣传车 loudspeaker van; sound truck 光谷 optical valley 光机电一体化 "optical, mechanical and electronic integration" 广交会 The China Export Commodities Fair 广开财路 make full use of all talents 广开就业门路 create more employment opportunities 光缆 optic cable 光盘杂志 CD-ROM magazine 光通信 photo-communication; optical communication 广域网 wide area network (WAN) 广种薄收 extensive cultivation; wide sowing but meager harvest—a method of cultivation: the cultivated area is large but the per area yield is relatively low （手机）关机 power off 管理办法 measures for administration 管理规定 provisions on administration 管理条例 regulations on administration 官煤勾结 government officials in cahoots with coalmine operators; government officials act in collusion with coalmine operators 冠名 title sponsorship 冠名赞助商 title sponsor 股权分置改革 state share sale reform; equity division reform; split-share reform 关税下调 tariff reduction 关系户 closely-related units 《关于预防煤矿生产安全事故的特别规定》 Special Regulations for Preventing Coalmine Accidents 刮痧 Holographic Meridian Scraping Therapy (Guasha) 固定电话 fixed-line telephone 固定汇率 fixed exchange rate 股份制改造 shareholding reform 规避 circumvention 轨道站 orbit station 规范分配秩序 Rationalize the relations of income distribution 规范民办教育 standardize non-government funded schools 归国留学生 returned students 归口管理 put under centralized management by specialized departments; centralized management by specified departments 规模经济 scale economy, economies of scale 规模经营 scale management 规模效益 scale merit 归侨 returned overseas Chinese 皈依三宝 become a Buddhist 轨道舱 orbital module 鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济 encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy 滚雪球 snowball -- (of a plan, problem, etc.) to grow bigger on an increasing rate 国奥队 the National Olympic Team 国产化率 import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components 过度放牧 overgraze 过度开垦 excess land reclamation 过度投资行业 over-invested industries 国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense 国防动员体制 the mobilization system for national defense 国防科工委 State Commission of Science and Technology for National Defense Industry 国货 domestics 过火 go too far 国际奥委会 the International Olympic Committee (IOC) 国际标准化组织 ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际承诺 international commitments 国际公认的警戒线 internationally accepted alarm level 国际惯例 international common practice 国际海域 international waters 国际化战略 internationalization strategy 国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际禁止化学武器组织 organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons (OPCW) 国际恐怖主义 international terrorism 国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization) 国际联盟 international coalition 国际贸易伙伴 international trading partner 国计民生 the national economy and the people's livelihood 《国际民用航空公约》(1944) The International Civil Aviation Covenant 国际清算 international settlement 国际日期变更线 International Date Line (IDL) 国际商业机器公司 International Business Machine Corporation (IBM) 国际社会 the international community 国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment 国际玩笑 play a large-scale joke 《国际先驱论坛报》 International Herald Tribune 国际自然保护联盟 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources 国际足球联盟 Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 国家财政贴息贷款 discount government loan 国家创新体系 state innovation system 国家环保总局 State Environmental Protection Administration 国家级特殊津贴 special state allowance 国家级卫生城市 state-level hygiene city 国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems 国家控股公司 state-controlling company 国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua 国家体育总局 State Physical Culture Administration 国家外汇储备 state foreign exchange reserves 国家一级保护 first-grade State protection 国家质量技术监督局 the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision 国家中长期科学和技术发展规划 a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development 国家重点科技攻关项目 national key scientific and technological project 国脚 player of the national football team; footballer of the national team 过境签证 transit visa 国库券 treasury bonds 过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork 国民党 Kuomintang 国民经济的综合平衡 overall balance in national economy 国民经济支柱产业 pi

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