雅思方位词介绍.doc

方位词汇：
东 north 南south 西west 北East
表示方位的词: (1)on the right/left (2)next to (3)opposite (4)on the corner of (5)between…and (6) on the edge of … (7) surrounding the centre is … (8) on the outskirts of … 动词：situate/ locate
(一)in the east 与 on the east的区别

1．in the east表示我们生活中和地理位置上的绝对方向。如：

The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

太阳从东边升起，从西边落下。

The Great Wall begins in the east from the Shanghaiguan Pass and ends at the Jiayuguan Pass in the west.

长城东起山海关，西至嘉峪关。

2．on the east表示某事物位于另一事物所朝的方向。这里的方向是相对而言的。如：

China faces the Pacific on the east. 中国东临太平洋。

The United States faces the Atlantic on the east and the Pacific on the west. 美国东临大西洋，西濒太平洋。

(二) in (to，on，at) the east of

1．要表示A在B的东部，即：A在B的范围之内时就用"A is in the east of B"，如：

Japan is in the east of Asia.日本在亚洲东部。

Italy is in the south of Europe.意大利在欧洲南部。

2．如果A在B的东方，即：A在B的范围之外，且相隔有一定的距离，就用"A lies to the east of B".口语中有时可将to the省去。如：

Japan lies (to the) east of China.日本位于中国东方。

France lies (to the) east of England.法国位于英国东方。

3．如果A在B的东边(侧)，即：A与B相邻接。就用"A is on the east of B". 如：

Guangdong is on the south of Hunan.广东在湖南南边。

Shangdong is on the north of Jiangsu.山东在江苏北边。

4．如果把方位词当作一个整体看，或是看成一点，就用"A is at the east of B" 如:

There was a big battle at the north of the Liaodong Peninsula.

在辽东半岛的北边有一场大战。

5．如果要表示“A位于B东面100公里处”时我们既可以说"A lies l00km to the east of B"，也可以说"A lies 100km east of B". 后者在美国口语中更为常见。如：

The plane crashed 30 miles south of the city.飞机在离城南30英里处坠毁。

Suzhou lies 50 miles to the west of Shanghai.苏州位于上海西面50英里处。

(三) 汉语里“东南西北”的先后顺序到英语里就变成了north，south，east，west；并由此有了下列中、英文表达上的差异。

东南方：southeast 西南方：southwest

西北方：northwest 东北方：northeast

如：十三陵位于北京西北50公里处。

The Ming Tombs are located about 50 km to the northwest of Beijing.

天津位于北京东南120公里处。

Tiajin is situated l20 km southeast of Beijing.

(四)要表示方位的“偏向”时通常用by

正东偏北： east by north

正南偏西： south by west

正北偏东： north by east

正南偏东： south by east

如：We are sailing in the direction of east by north.我们正朝着正东偏北方向航行。

The island lies south by east from here.那个岛位于此地的正南偏东方向。