资源描述
做好单选题,标点要重视
纵观历年高考英语试题可以发现,标点符号在句子中直接或间接地影响了考生对单项填空题的作答。因此,大家在做题时,要特别重视标点符号在句子中所起的作用。请看下面各题。
一、 逗号
(一)用来引出同位语或非限制性定语从句。例如:
1. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ______ I will always treasure.
A. that B. one C. it D. what
【析】 B。 one指代 moment作同位语, I will always treasure为定语从句。若无逗号,则选A,that 引导定语从句并在从句中作宾语。
2. Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office.(浙江2005)
A. which B. that C. this D. it
【析】A。根据逗号确定,本题考查非限制性定语从句。which引导从句并指代前面的整句话。
(二) 用来引出分词或独立结构在句中作状语。
例如:
1. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest ______ in a year.
A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed
【析】C。逗号后是状语。the rest和不定式构成逻辑主谓关系,不定式在此表示将来的动作。
2. Alice returned from the manager’s office, ______ me that the boss wanted to see me at once.
A. having told B. tells C. to tell D. telling
【析】D。telling ... 在此句中作伴随状语。分词作状语常用逗号和其它成分分开,而不定式则不用。
(三) 用来分开插入的语句。例如:
John plays football ______, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
【析】B。 if not better than是插入语。句意为:John 即使踢得不比David 更好,也至少和David 踢得一样好。故选B。
二、 句号
(一) 前一句为后一句提供关键信息。例如:
Listen to the two girls by the window. What language ______?
A. did they speak B. were they speaking
C. are they speaking D. have they been speaking
【析】C。前一祈使句决定了后句动词表示的动作现在正在发生,所以用现在进行时。
(二) 后一句为前一句提供关键信息。例如:
— Lucy doesn’t mind lending you her dictionary.
— She ______. I’ve already borrowed one.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. shouldn’t
【析】C。由下文I’ve already borrowed one可知,“她不需要做”。
三、 破折号
(一)为上句提供关键信息。例如:
— Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere.
— Well. He ______ have gone far — his coat’s still here.
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t D. wouldn’t
【析】C。根据句意“他的外套还在这里,所以他肯定没走多远”推断选can’t。
(二)提供进一步信息,作进一步解释。例如:
Everyone was on time for the meeting — ______ Chris, who’s usually ten minutes late for everything.
A. but B. only C. even D. yet
【析】C。破折号用来说明Chris也不例外。
(三) 帮助分析语义结构。例如:
I’ve never seen anyone run so fast — ______ David go.
A. just watch B. just to watch
C. just watching D. just having watched
【析】A。破折号起说明举例作用,相当于冒号,其后应为一个句子,对前句解释说明。
四、 感叹号
感叹号主要用来加强语气,表示说话者强烈的感情色彩。例如:
Tom, you ______ leave all your clothes on the floor like this!
A. wouldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. may not
【析】B。感叹号加强了命令的口吻,表达说话者的强烈要求,因而选mustn’t。
五、 冒号
冒号可用于对前面内容的介绍或解释。例如:
There are eight tips in Dr. Roger’s lecture on — sleep, and one of them is: ______ to bed early unless you think it is necessary.
A. doesn’t go B. not to go
C. not going D. don’t go
【析】D。 冒号后的句子解释其中的一个tip,所以应选祈使句don’t go。
展开阅读全文