英语四级资料大全.doc

浙江商业职业技术学院校学生会—英语四级
英语四级复习资料
听力词汇

1.bill
(1)账单，买单。
I will pay the bill this time because last time you did it.
这次我来买单，因为上次是你。
(2)提案。
We all passed the bill on yesterday's board meeting.
在昨天的董事会上我们全票通过该提案。
(3)纸币。
Here's a 10-dollar bill. Give me two tickets for tonight's show please.
这是一张10美元的纸币，请给我两张今晚演出的票，谢谢。
2. apply
这里我们详细串联一下在听力考试中涉及到的与求职相关的短语。
apply for(申请)，这是工作的第一步;既然要申请，必然需要递交 letter of
application (求职信)，只要你足够 confident about yourself，就有可能获得job interview (工作面试)的机会。是否能够 give a good impression(留个好印象)给主管，那就得看你个人造化了。有些工作岗位会require much traveling，(要求经常出差)还有些工作，做不了多久就会希望find a way out(找到出路)。
3. as well 也
If the weather is this hot tomorrow, we may as well give up the idea of playing tennis outside.
如果明天温度还是这么高，我们也可能放弃到户外进行比赛的主意。
4. as soon as 一……就，尽快
I will do that for you as soon as I have fixed the machine.
一修好机器我就会尽快为你完成那个工作。
5. awfully
非常地，相当地。在口语中用于表程度的比例十分高。
awfully nervous 相当紧张; awfully cold 相当冷; awfully sorry 十分抱歉
Tom looks awfully nervous.
汤姆看上去相当紧张。
I am awfully sorry. I didn't mean to hurt you.
十分抱歉。我不想伤害你的。
6. be bound to
肯定，注定
The movie starts in 5 minutes and there's bound to be a long line.
电影还有5分钟就开始了在那里肯定排着长队。
7. be tired of
厌烦。当一个人感到厌烦的时候，也是最容易lose one's temper(生气)的时候。
I'm tired of movies about romantic stories.
我已经彻底厌烦了电影中的浪漫故事。
8. be worn out
(1)筋疲力尽，这个表达不太正式，多用于口语。
I'm usually worn out at the end of the day.
在一天快结束时我时常觉得很累。
(2)破旧不堪。
My soles were worn out after a long time trip.
经过长时间的旅行，我的鞋底已经破旧不堪。
9. better
(1)had better 最好是
I'd better read one of the articles for the class.
我最好还是为上课读篇文章准备一下。
I think you'd better find another partner.
我想你最好还是另找一个搭档吧。
(2)make it better 让……更好
I'd rewrite the last two paragraphs to make it better.
我已经重写了最后两段以使它更好。
(3)be better 更好些
I told you it would be better for you if you took fewer courses during the first semester.
我告诉过你如果你在第一个学期少选一些课程会比较好一些。
10. book
(1)书。本意，简单名词。
(2)预定，订购。 be booked up 被预定空了;booking office 售票处
All the morning flights have been booked up.
所有明早的飞机票都预定光了。
11. briefing
(1)简介。会议之前，总要有一个项目叫做 Give a briefing.
Mrs. Lung's briefing seems to go on forever.
朗女士的简报似乎没完没了。
(2)news / press briefing 新闻发布会
12. change
(1)改变，更改。这是该词的基本意思，看两个例子回顾一下。
I'd love to see a different type of movie for a change.
我想换换口味，看场不同类型的电影。
I'll have to get my ticket changed.
我必须得更改我的票。
(2)零钱。这是在口语中经常使用的意思。
Two tickets and here's a dollar forty cents change.
这是两张票以及一美元四十美分的找零。
Jane, do you have some change? I have to make a call on the payphone.
Jane，你有零钱吗?我想在公用电话亭打个电话。
13. check
(1)检查。基本意思。check our baggage 检查行李
Could you check for me who borrowed it?
你能帮我查查是谁借走了吗?
Did you check the power plug and press the play button?
你是否检查了电源插头并按了播放键了呢?
(2)登机台。check-in counter
Is this the check-in counter for Flight 914 to Los Angeles?
这是飞往洛杉矶的914号航班的登机台吗?
(3)询问。check on it 问问看
Maybe I should call to check on it.
也许我应该打个电话问问看。
(4)支票。
Sign the check.
签这张支票。
14. copy
(1)一本，一份。a copy of 口语中经常使用。
I'd like to buy a copy of Professor Franklin's book On American Culture.
我想买本富兰克林教授写的关于美国文化的书。
Would you like a copy of professor Smith's article?
你想要份史密斯教授的文章吗?
(2)复印。简单动词。
Could you copy this article for me?
你能为我拷贝一下这篇文章吗?
15. count
(1)数数。
She is counting the days.
她每天都在数着日子。
(2)指望。count on 依赖
We'll have to count on good weather.
我们不得不指望一个好天气。

词组:

1. above all 首先,尤其是 after all 毕竟,究竟 
2. ahead of 在...之前 ahead of time 提前 
3. all at once 突然,同时 all but 几乎;除了...都 
4. all of a sudden 突然 all over 遍及 
5. all over again 再一次,重新 all the time 一直,始终 
6. all the same 仍然,照样的 as regards 关于,至于 
7. anything but 根本不 as a matter of fact 实际上 
8. apart from 除...外(有/无) as a rule 通常,照例 
9. as a result(of) 因此,由于 as far as ...be concerned 就...而言 
10. as far as 远至,到...程度 as for 至于,关于
11. as follows 如下 as if 好像,仿怫 
12. as good as 和...几乎一样 as usual 像平常一样,照例
13. as to 至于,关于 all right 令人满意的;可以 
14. as well 同样,也,还 as well as 除...外(也),即...又
15. aside from 除...外(还有) at a loss 茫然,不知所措 
16. at a time 一次,每次 at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 
17. at all costs 不惜一切代价 at all events 不管怎样,无论如何 
18. at all times 随时,总是 at any rate 无论如何,至少 
19. at best 充其量,至多 at first 最初,起先 
20. at first sight 乍一看,初看起来 at hand 在手边,在附近 
21. at heart 内心里,本质上 at home 在家,在国内 
22. at intervals 不时,每隔... at large 大多数,未被捕获的 
23. at least 至少 at last 终于 
24. at length 最终,终于 at most 至多,不超过 
25. at no time 从不,决不 by accident 偶然 
26. at one time 曾经,一度;同时 at present 目前,现在 
27. at sb’s disposal 任...处理 at the cost of 以...为代价 
28. at the mercy of 任凭...摆布 at the moment 此刻,目前 
29. at this rate 照此速度
30. at times 有时,间或 back and forth 来回地,反复地 
31. back of 在...后面 before long 不久以后 
32. beside point 离题的,不相干的 beyond question 毫无疑问
33. by air 通过航空途径 by all means 尽一切办法,务必
34. by and by 不久,迟早 by chance 偶然,碰巧 
35. by far 最,...得多 by hand 用手,用体力 
36. by iteslf 自动地,独自地 by means of 用,依靠 
37. by mistake 错误地,无意地 by no means 决不,并没有 
38. by oneself 单独地,独自地 by reson of 由于 
39. by the way 顺便说说 by virtue of 借助,由于 
40. by way of 经由,通过...方法 due to 由于,因为
41. a series of 一系列,一连串 
42. above all 首先,尤其是 after all 毕竟,究竟 
43. ahead of 在...之前 ahead of time 提前 
44. all at once 突然,同时 all but 几乎;除了...都 
45. all of a sudden 突然 all over 遍及
46. all over again 再一次,重新 all the time 一直,始终 
47. all the same 仍然,照样的 as regards 关于,至于
48. anything but 根本不 as a matter of fact 实际上 
49. apart from 除...外(有/无) as a rule 通常,照例 
50. as a result(of) 因此,由于 as far as ...be concerned 就...而言 
51. as far as 远至,到...程度 as for 至于,关于
52. as follows 如下 as if 好像,仿怫
53. as good as 和...几乎一样 as usual 像平常一样,照例 
54. as to 至于,关于 all right 令人满意的;可以
55. as well 同样,也,还 as well as 除…外aside from 除...外(还有)
56. at a time 一次,每次 at all 丝毫(不),一点也不 
57. at all costs 不惜一切代价 at all events 不管怎样,无论如何 
58. at all times 随时,总是 at any rate 无论如何,至少
59. at best 充其量,至多 at first 最初,起先
60. at first sight 乍一看,初看起来 at hand 在手边,在附近
61. at heart 内心里,本质上 at home 在家,在国内 
62. at intervals 不时,每隔... at large 大多数,未被捕获的 
63. at least 至少 at last 终于
64. at length 最终,终于 at most 至多,不超过
65. at no time 从不,决不 by accident 偶然
66. at one time 曾经,一度;同时 at present 目前,现在
67. at sb’s disposal 任...处理 at the cost of 以...为代价 
68. at the mercy of 任凭...摆布 at the moment 此刻,目前
69. at this rate 照此速度
70. at times 有时,间或 back and forth 来回地,反复地
71. back of 在...后面 before long 不久以后
72. beside point 离题的,不相干的 beyond question 毫无疑问 
73. by air 通过航空途径 by all means 尽一切办法,务必 
74. by and by 不久,迟早 by chance 偶然,碰巧 
75. by far 最,...得多 by hand 用手,用体力 
76. by iteslf 自动地,独自地 by means of 用,依靠 
77. by mistake 错误地,无意地 by no means 决不,并没有
78. by oneself 单独地,独自地 by reson of 由于 
79. by the way 顺便说说 by virtue of 借助,由于
80. by way of 经由,通过...方法 due to 由于,因为
81. each other 互相 even if/though 即使,虽然
82. ever so 非常,极其 every now and then 时而,偶尔
83. every other 每隔一个的 except for 除了...外
84. face to face 面对面地 far from 远非,远离 
85. for ever 永远 for good 永久地 
86. for the better 好转 for the moment 暂时,目前
87. for the present 暂时,目前 for the sake of 为了,为了...的利益
88. for the time being 暂时,眼下 from time to time 有时,不时 
89. hand in hand 手拉手 ,密切关联 head on 迎面地,正面的
90. heart and soul 全心全意地 how about ...怎么样
91. in a hurry 匆忙,急于 in case of 假如,防备
92. in a moment 立刻,一会儿 in a sense 从某种意义上说 
93. in a way 在某种程度上 in a word 简言之,总之
94. in accordance with 与...一致,按照 in addition 另外,加之
95. in addition to 除...之外(还) in advance 预先,事先 
96. in all 总共,合计 in any case 无论如何 
97. in any event 无论如何 in brief 简单地说
98. in charge of 负责,总管 in common 共用的,共有的 
99. in consequence(of) 因此;由于 in debt 欠债,欠情
100.in effect 实际上,事实上 in general 一般来说,大体上
101.in favour of 支持,赞成 in front of 面对,在...前 
102.in half 成两半 in hand 在进行中,待办理 
103.in honour of 为庆祝,为纪念 in itself 本质上,就其本身而言 
104.in line with 与...一致 in memory of 纪念 
105.in no case 决不 in no time 立即,马上 
106.in no way 决不 in order 按顺序,按次序 
107.in other words 换句话说 in part 部分地 
108.in particular 特别,尤其 in person 亲自,本人 
109.in place 在合适的位置 in place of 代替,取代,交换 
110.in practice 在实践中,实际上 in proportion to 与...成比例 
111.in public 公开地,当众 in quantity 大量 
112.in question 正在谈论的 in regard to 关于,至于 
113.in relation to 关于,涉及 in return 作为报答/回报/交换 
114.in return for 作为对...报答 in short 简言之,总之&
115.in sight 被见到;在望 in spite of 尽管 
116.in step 齐步,合拍 in step with 与...一致/协调 
117.in tears 流着泪,在哭着 in the course of 在...期间/过程中 
118.in the distance 在远处 in the end 最后,终于  
118.in the event of 如果...发生,万一 in the face of 即使;在...面前 
120.in the first place 首先 in the future 在未来 
121.in the least 丝毫,一点 in (the)light of 鉴于,由于 
122.in the way 挡道 in the world 究竟,到底 
123.in time 及时 in touch 联系,接触 
124.in turn 依次,轮流;转而 in vain 徒劳,白费力 
125.instead of 代替,而不是 just now 眼下;刚才 
126.little by little 逐渐地 lots of 许多 
127.many a 许多 more or less 或多或少,有点 
128.next door 隔壁的,在隔壁 no doubt 无疑地 
129.no less than 不少于...;不亚于... no longer 不再 
130.no more 不再 no more than 至多,同...一样不 
131.none other than 不是别的,正是 on one’s guard 警惕,提防 
132.nothing but 只有,只不过 now and then 时而,偶尔 
133.off and on 断断续续,间歇地 off duty 下班 
134.on a large/small scale 大/小规模地 on account of 由于 
135.on(an/the) average 平均,通常 on behalf of 代表 
136.on board 在船(车/飞机)上 on business 因公 
137.on condition that 如果 on duty 上班,值班 
138.on earth 究竟,到底 on fire 起火着火 
139.on foot 步行, on guard 站岗,值班 
140.on hand 在场,在手边 on occasion(s) 有时,间或 
141.on one’s own 独立,独自 on purpose 故意地 
142.on sale 出售,廉价出售 on schedule 按时间表,准时 
143.on second thoughts 经重新考虑 on the contrary 正相反 
144.on the grounds of 根据,以...为由 on (the) one hand 一方面 
145.on the other hand 另一方面 on the point of 即将...的时刻 
146.on the road 在旅途中 on the side 作为兼职/副 业 
147.on the spot 在场;马上 on the whole 总的来说,大体上 
148.on time 准时 once again 再一次 
149.once(and)for all 一劳永逸地 once in a while 偶尔 
150.once more 再一次 once upon a time 从前 
151.one another 相互 or else 否则,要不然 
152.or so 大约,左右 other than 非;除了 
153.out of 从...中;由于;缺乏 out of burath 喘不过气来 
154.out of control 失去控制 out of date 过时的 
155.out of doors 在户外 out of order 出故障的 
156.out of place 不适当的 out of practice 久不练习,荒疏 
157.out of sight 看不见,在视野外 out of the question 毫无可能的  
158.out of touch 不联系,不接触 over and over(again) 一再地,再三地 
159.prior at 在...之前 quite a few 相当多,不少 
160.rather than 不是...(而是) regardless of 不顾,不惜 
161.right away 立即,马上 side by side 肩并肩,一起 
162.so far 迄今为止 sooner or later 迟早,早晚 
163.step by step 逐步地 such as 例如,诸如 
164.thanks to 由于,多亏 that is (to say) 就是说,即 
165.to the point 切中要害,切题 under control 处于控制之下 
166.under the circumstances 这种情况下 up to date 在进行中 
167.up to 多达;直到;胜任;取决于 what if 切合目前情况的 
168.what about 怎么样 with respect to 如果...将怎么样 
169.with regard to 关于,至于 without question 关于,至于, 
170.with the exception of 除...之外 without question 毫无疑问 

四级语法讲义

时态：所谓的"时态"，就是时间+状态
1.主动形式
过去 现在 将来 过去将来
一般 did do will/shall do should/would do
进行 was/were doing am/is/are doing will/shall be doing
完成 had done have/has done will/shall have done should/would have done
用虚拟语气
完成进行 had been doing have/has been doing
2．被动形式
一般 was/were given am/is/are given will/shall be given should/would be given
进行 was/were being given am/is/are being given
完成 had been given have/has been given should/would have been given
v CET-4 常考的三种时态：过去完成时；将来完成时；（现在/过去）完成进行时。
v 时间状语从句当中的时态：
一般过去时 所有的过去
用一般现在时表示现在和将来
现在完成时 现在完成和将来完成
非谓语动词不定式：
1、不定式的常考形式：
一般形式：He decided to work harder in order to catch up with the others.
被动形式: He preferred to be assigned some heavier work to do.
语法功能： 表示与谓语动词同步发生
完成形式：He pretended not to have seen me.
被动形式：The book is said to have been translated into many languages.
语法功能：表示发生在谓语动词之前
2、不定式常考的考点：
不定式做定语----将要发生
不定式做状语----目的
不定式充当名词功能---To see is to believe.
3、不定式的省略
感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste,
feel+ do　 表示动作的完整性，真实性；+ doing 表示动作的连续性，进行性
I saw him work in the garden yesterday.
昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。(强调"我看见了"这个事实)
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.
昨天我见他正在花园里干活。（强调"我见他正干活"这个动作）
感官动词后面接形容词而不是副词：The cake tastes good; It feels comfortable.
使役动词 have bid make let 等词后不定式要省略但同1)一样被动以后要还原to
I ‘d like to have John do it.
I have my package weighed.
Paul doesn’t have to be made to learn.
help sb do ，help sb to do
4、有些动词后只跟不定式如：
want，wish，hope，manage，promise，refuse，pretend，plan， offer，decide，agree，expect allow sb to do, cause sb to do , permit sb to do, enable sb to do
force sb to do. be more likely to do love to do warn sb to do be able to do be ambitious to do. begin to do . start to do
5、有的时候to后面要接-ing形式
accustom (oneself) to; be accustomed to; face up to; in addition to; look forward to; object to; be reduced to; resign oneself to; be resigned to; resort to; sink to; be used to; be alternative to; be close/closeness to; be dedication/dedicated to; be opposition/opposed to; be similarity/similar to.
need/want 后的-ing形式具有被动的意思。其中，want不太常用
He needs (a lot of) encouraging.
动名词： 具有动作性特征的名词
名词 seeing is believing
具有动词性特征可以带宾语 starving troops is necessary.
动名词的形式:
一般形式：I don't like you smoking.
完成形式：I regret not having taken your advice.
被动形式：This question is far from being settled.
动名词常考的点
1、动名词做主语谓语动词为单数
2、在动名词和不定式中,做为介词的宾语是动名词
3、动名词的否定直接在其前加否定词,通过代词的宾格或所有格形式给出逻辑主语.
以下词后只能接动名词
admit; appreciate; avoid; celebrate; consider; contemplate; defer; delay; deny; detest; discontinue; dislike; dispute; enjoy; it entails; escape; excuse; explain; fancy; feel like; finish; forgive; can't help; hinder; imagine; it involves; keep; it means; mention; mind; miss; it necessitates; pardon; postpone; practice; prevent; recall; report; resent; resist; risk; suggest; understand...
另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用说法：
It's no good; it's no/little/hardly any/ use; it's not/hardly/scarcely use; it's worthwhile; spend money/time; there's no; there's no point in; there's nothing worse than; what's the use/point...

分词：
现在分词主动进行,过去分词被动状态
现在分词的形式:
一般式: Do you see the man talking to the dean（主任）? (与谓语动词同步发生)
完成形式：Not having made adequate preparations, they failed.
(发生谓语动词之前)
完成被动形式：Having been adapted, the script seems perfect.(表被动)
过去分词
过去分词表示被动：Fight no battle unprepared.
过去分词的进行形式：You'll find the topic being discussed everywhere. (强调正在被做)。这三种非谓语动词，都可以构成复合结构，非谓语动词所修饰的成分是这些非谓语动词的逻辑主语。他们之间的一致关系——主动还是被动，往往就是考点。独立主格结构中，要注意的是分词与他前面的逻辑主语之间的主动被动的关系。

虚拟语气
情态动词所表达的可能性程度：must/can't à should/shouldn't à might/may (not)
另外两个"类情态词的形式："need/needn't; have to/don't have to
最自然的虚拟状态：由should/would+原型时态（不含时间只含状态）
本质上是过去将来时：即时间固定在过去将来，状态不同：一般、进行、完成、完成进行。
这时"虚拟语气"的产生往往是因为我们要表达"本来应该……"
（而现在却还没有……）（本来可以……，本来能……）
I should go! (… but I'm still here!) (一般)
I should be working now! (进行) 二：虚拟三：虚拟语气
情态动词所表达的可能性程度：must/can't à should/shouldn't à might/may (not)
另外两个"类情态词的形式："need/needn't; have to/don't have to
省略 
1) 在以as, than, when, if, unless等引导的从句中的省略: 在有些状语从句中,如果谓
语包含有动词be,主语又和主句的主语一致a),或者主语是it b),就常常可以把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分特别是动词be)省略掉. 
a) Look out for cars when crossing the street. 
When taken according to the directions, the drug has no side effects. 
While there he joined in vo