表示时间的词和方法.doc

表示时间的词和方法
一、 时间代词—it
1. What time is it now? It is nine o’clock.
2. What day is it (today)? It is Saturday.
二、 表示钟点
1． 表示整点：
（1） ----- o’clock： at 8 o’clock
（2） 直接用数字：at 8
2． 表示非整点
（1） 用 to 和 past: 10 past 8; 15 to 9(a quarter to 9), half past 10.
（2） 直接用: 8:50, 9:15
三、 表示时间范围 用连接词 in (介词)
1． 小时(hour)、分钟(minute)、秒(second)
2． 黎明(dawn)、上午（早晨,morning）、中午(noon)、下午(afternoon)、晚上(evening, night)、半夜 (midnight)
3． 年(year)、月(month)、日(day)、星期（周, week），季节(Spring, Summer, Autumn(fall), Winter)、周末(weekend)
四、 表示较具体的时间
1． Today, tomorrow, yesterday：不用连接词
2． Monday(Mon.), Tuesday(Tues.), Wednesday(Wed.), Thursday(Thurs.), Friday(Fri.), Saturday(Sat.), Sunday(Sun.)：用连接词 on(介词)
3． January(Jan.), February(Feb.), March, April(Apr.), May, June(Jun.), July(Jul.), August(Aug.), September(Sep.), October(Oct.), November(Nov.), December(Dec.) 用连接词 in(介词)
4． 表示日期
（1） 中文表示：年/月/日
（2） 美国表示：月/日/年
（3） 欧洲表示：日/月/年
用连接词：on（介词）
五、 表示一半、四分之一
1． Half: a half hour= half an hour
2． Quarter
六、 表示时间前、后、中间、开始、末尾、持续的一段时间
1． 前：before 不用连接词
2． 后：after, in, 不用连接词
3． 中间：middle, mid- 用连接词
4． 以内： within 不再用连接词
5． 开始： beginning 用连接词 at
6． 末尾： end 用连接词 at
7． 持续的一段时间：for
七、练习

表示否定的词和方法
一、表示否定的方法
1．动词的否定
（1）Be动词：be (am, are, is) + not
（2）有动词： have (has) + not; there are(is) + not
（3）一般动词：do(does) + not + 动词原形
（4）动词前加前缀：dislike
2．名词的否定
（1）完全没有：no money, no student, no people,
（2）几乎没有：little water, few books,
二、否定句的种类
1．否定动作的否定句
（1）主语 + be + not + 名词、形容词或副词
I am not a student; I am not stupid; I am not there.
（2）主语 + have(has) + not + 名词
He has a sweater.
There are(is) + not + 名词 + 其他
There are not apples on the table.
（3）主语 + do(does) + not + 动词原形
We do not study on Sunday.
2．否定主语的否定句
（1）否定主语 + be(is) + 名词、形容词或副词
No people is a student; Few people are students;
No student is stupid; Few students are stupid;
No student is there. Few students are there.
No student is in the classroom. Few students are in the classroom.
（2）否定主语 + has + 名词
No student has a white shirt. Few students have white shirts.
（3）否定主语 + 动词的第三人称形式
No student sleep in the morning. Few students sleep in the morning.
3．否定说明对象（补语）的否定句
I have no money; I have little money.
I have no book; I have few books.
三、加冠词能改变意义的词
little + 不可数名词：几乎没有（名词） little water, little money
a little + 不可数名词：有一点点（名词）a little water, a little money

few + 可数名词：几乎没有（名词） few students
few + 可数名词： 有几个或一点点（名词） a few students

四、练习

陈述句（肯定句）、否定句和疑问句

陈述句I He is a student.
He isn’t ( is not ) a student.
Is he a student?
陈述句II There is someone in the room. There are some tables in the room.
There isn’t anyone in the room. There aren’t any tables in the room.
Is there anyone in the room? Are there any tables in the room?
Who is in the room? What are there in the room?
陈述句III I know. I have breakfast before 7:30.
I don’t (do not) know. I don’t have breakfast before 7:30.
Do you know? Do you have breakfast before 7:30
What do you know? When do you have breakfast before 7:30.

否定疑问句及其回答

Isn’t he a student?
No, he isn’t. (Yes, he is).

Isn’t there anyone in the room?
No, there isn’t (anyone in the room). Yes, there is someone in the room.

Don’t you know?
No, I don’t. Yes, I know.

Do you like something to drink?
Yes, please. (No, thanks.)