【福建专用】高中语文全程复习方略一轮教材文言知识整合文言文复习必修打包.doc

<p>精选资料
2015届高中语文全程复习方略（第一轮）：文言文复习

必修一 &nbsp;文言文复习
一、《烛之武退秦师》
一、通假字
1.今老矣,无能为也已　(“　　　”同“　　　”)
2.行李之往来,共其乏困　(“　　　”通“　　　”,　　　)
3.秦伯说,与郑人盟　(“　　　”通“　　　”)
4.失其所与,不知　(“　　　”通“　　　”)
二、古今异义
1.若舍郑以为东道主
古义:　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:请客的主人
2.行李之往来,共其乏困
古义:　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:出门所带的包裹、箱子等
3.微夫人之力不及此
古义:　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:对一般人的妻子的尊称
三、一词多义
1.微 &nbsp;微夫人之力不及此（ &nbsp; ）
微闻有鼠作作索索（《口技》）（ &nbsp; ）
烟涛微茫信难求（《梦游天姥吟留别》）（ &nbsp; ）
猥以微贱，当侍东宫（《陈情表》）（ &nbsp; ）
2.若 &nbsp;若使烛之武见秦君，师必退（ &nbsp; ）
海内存知己，天涯若比邻（《送杜少府之任蜀州》）（ &nbsp; ）
徐公不若君之美也（《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》）（ &nbsp; ）
若入前为寿，寿毕，请以剑舞（《鸿门宴》）（ &nbsp; ）
3.图 &nbsp;阙秦以利晋，唯君图之（ &nbsp; ）
召有司案图（《廉颇蔺相如列传》）（ &nbsp; ）
而后乃今将图南（《逍遥游》）（ &nbsp; ）
阿母大拊掌，不图子自归（《孔雀东南飞》）（ &nbsp; ）
4.以 &nbsp;以其无礼于晋（ &nbsp; ）
敢以烦执事（ &nbsp; ）
越国以鄙远（ &nbsp; ）
若舍郑以为东道主（ &nbsp; ）
以勇气闻于诸侯（《廉颇蔺相如列传》）（ &nbsp; ）
夫夷以近，则游者众（《游褒禅山记》）（ &nbsp; ）
则请立太子为王，以绝秦望（《廉颇蔺相如列传》）（ &nbsp; ）
木欣欣以向荣，泉涓涓而始流（《归去来兮辞》）（ &nbsp; ）
皆以美于徐公（《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》）（ &nbsp; ）
四、词类活用
(一)名词的活用
1.名词作动词
(1)晋军函陵　(　　　　　　)
(2)与郑人盟　(　　　　　　)
2.名词作状语
(1)夜缒而出　(　　　　　　)
(2)朝济而夕设版焉　(　　　　　　)
(3)既东封郑,又欲肆其西封　(　　　　　　)
3.名词的意动用法
(1)越国以鄙远　(　　　　　　)
(2)既东封郑　(　　　　　　)
(二)动词的活用
1.动词作名词
且君尝为晋君赐矣　(　　　　　　)
2.动词的使动用法
(1)若不阙秦　(　　　　　　)
(2)若亡郑而有益于君　(　　　　　　)
(三)形容词的活用
1.形容词作名词
(1)越国以鄙远　(　　　　　　)
(2)行李之往来,共其乏困　(　　　　　　)
2.形容词作动词
(1)邻之厚,君之薄也　(　　　　　　)
(2)因人之力而敝之　(　　　　　　)
(四)数词的活用
数词作动词
且贰于楚也　(　　　　　　)
五、判断下列文言文句式的类型并翻译
1.是寡人之过也。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
2.夫晋,何厌之有?　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
3.以其无礼于晋。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
4.晋军函陵,秦军氾南。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
六、语句翻译
1.若亡郑而有益于君,敢以烦执事。越国以鄙远,君知其难也。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
2.若舍郑以为东道主,行李之往来,共其乏困,君亦无所害。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
3.既东封郑,又欲肆其西封,若不阙秦,将焉取之?
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
4.因人之力而敝之,不仁;失其所与,不知;以乱易整,不武。吾其还也。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;

答案解析
一、答案：1.已　矣　2.共　供　供给　3.说　悦　4.知　智
二、答案：1.东方道路上(招待过客)的主人　2.出使的人　3.那人,指秦穆公
三、答案：1.如果没有。用来表示一种否定的假设或条件/暗暗地/迷漫而模糊/低贱,卑下　2.假如/好像/及,比得上/你　3.考虑/地图/打算,计划/预料,料想　4.介词,因为/介词,拿,用/连词,表顺承/介词,把/介词,凭借/连词,表并列/连词,表目的,来/连词,表修饰关系,连接状语和中心语,可译为“而”,或省去/动词,认为
四、答案：(一)1.(1)驻军　(2)结盟　2.(1)在夜晚　(2)在早上;在晚上　
(3)向东;向西　3.(1)以……为边邑　(2)以……为疆界　(二)1.恩惠　
2.(1)使……减少,侵损、削减　(2)使……亡　(三)1.(1)远方的土地、国家,这里指郑国　(2)缺少的东西　2.(1)变雄厚;变薄弱　(2)损害　(四)从属二主
五、答案：1.判断句　这是我的过错。
2.宾语前置句　那晋国,哪里有满足(的时候)呢?
3.状语后置句　因为郑国没有以应有的礼遇接待晋文公。
4.省略句　晋军驻扎(在)函陵,秦军驻扎(在)氾水的南面。
六、答案：1.如果灭掉郑国对您有好处,(我们)怎敢拿这件事情来麻烦您。越过别国而把远地当做边境,您知道是困难的。(采分点:亡、鄙、远、两个“以”;状语后置句:若亡郑而有益于君;省略句:敢以烦执事)
2.如果您放弃围攻郑国而把它作为东方道路上(招待过客)的主人,出使的人来来往往,(郑国可以随时)供给他们缺少的东西,对您也没有什么害处。(采分点:古今异义词:以为、东道主、行李;通假字:共;活用:乏困)
3.(现在它)已经在东边使郑国成为它的边境,又想要往西扩大边界。如果不使秦国土地减少,(晋国)将从哪里取得它所贪求的土地呢?(采分点:封、焉;词类活用:东、封、阙)
4.依靠别人的力量,又反过来损害他,这是不仁道的;失掉自己的同盟国,这是不明智的;用散乱代替整齐,这是不符合武德的。我们还是回去吧。(采分点:敝、与、易、其;判断句式)

二、《荆轲刺秦王》
一、通假字
1.今日往而不反者　(“　　　”通“　　　”,　　　)
2.燕王诚振怖大王之威　(“　　　”通“　　　”,　　　)
3.卒起不意　(“　　　”通“　　　”,　　　)
二、古今异义
1.今行而无信
古义:　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:不讲诚信,无信用
2.樊将军以穷困来归丹
古义:　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:生活贫穷,经济困难
3.丹不忍以己之私,而伤长者之意
古义:　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:年纪和辈分都高的人
4.可以解燕国之患
古义:　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:①表示可能或能够;②表示许可

三、一词多义
1.穷 &nbsp;樊将军以穷困来归丹（ &nbsp; ）
图穷而匕首见（ &nbsp; ）
复前行，欲穷其林（《桃花源记》）（ &nbsp; ）
为宫室之美，妻妾之奉，所识穷乏者得我与（《鱼我所欲也》）（ &nbsp; ）
天高地迥，觉宇宙之无穷（《滕王阁序》）（ &nbsp; ）
穷则独善其身，达则兼善天下（《孟子·尽心上》）（ &nbsp; ）
穷兵黩武（ &nbsp; ）
2.引 &nbsp;秦王惊，自引而起（ &nbsp; ）
乃引其匕首提秦王（ &nbsp; ）
左右或欲引相如去（《廉颇蔺相如列传》）（ &nbsp; ）
乃设九宾礼于廷，引赵使者蔺相如（《廉颇蔺相如列传》）（ &nbsp; ）
相如引车避匿（《廉颇蔺相如列传》）（ &nbsp; ）
项王乃复引兵而东（《项羽之死》）（ &nbsp; ）
恭疏短引（《滕王阁序》）（ &nbsp; ）
不宜妄自菲薄，引喻失义，以塞忠谏之路也（《出师表》）（ &nbsp; ）
引而不发（ &nbsp; ）
3.见 &nbsp;图穷而匕首见（ &nbsp; ）
而燕国见陵之耻除矣（ &nbsp; ）
私见张良，具告以事（《鸿门宴》）（ &nbsp; ）
秦王坐章台见相如（《廉颇蔺相如列传》）（ &nbsp; ）
慈父见背（《陈情表》）（ &nbsp; ）
入之愈深，其进愈难，而其见愈奇（《游褒禅山记》）（ &nbsp; ）
4.乃 &nbsp;太子丹恐惧，乃请荆卿曰（ &nbsp; ）
乃今得闻教（ &nbsp; ）
尔其无忘乃父之志（《伶官传序》）（ &nbsp; ）
当立者乃公子扶苏（《陈涉世家》）（ &nbsp; ）
好雨知时节，当春乃发生（《春夜喜雨》）（ &nbsp; ）
问今是何世，乃不知有汉，无论魏晋（《桃花源记》）（ &nbsp; ）
至东城，乃有二十八骑（《项羽之死》）（ &nbsp; ）
四、词类活用
(一)名词的活用
1.名词作动词
(1)皆白衣冠以送之　(　　　　　　)
(2)士皆垂泪涕泣　(　　　　　　)
(3)又前而为歌曰　(　　　　　　)
2.名词作状语
(1)秦兵旦暮渡易水　(　　　　　　)
(2)箕踞以骂曰　(　　　　　　)
(3)发尽上指冠　(　　　　　　)
(4)进兵北略地　(　　　　　　)
(5)函封之　(　　　　　　)
(二)动词的活用
动词的使动用法
使使以闻大王　(　　　　　　)
(三)形容词的活用
1.形容词作名词
其人居远未来　(　　　　　　)
2.形容词的意动用法
(1)太子迟之　(　　　　　　)
(2)群臣怪之　(　　　　　　)
五、判断下列文言文句式的类型并翻译
1.此臣日夜切齿拊心也。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
2.事所以不成者,乃欲以生劫之。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
3.皆为戮没。　　　　　　　　　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
4.而燕国见陵之耻除矣。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
5.燕王拜送于庭。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
6.秦王购之金千斤,邑万家。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
六、语句翻译
1.微太子言,臣愿得谒之。今行而无信,则秦未可亲也。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
2.士皆瞋目,发尽上指冠。于是荆轲遂就车而去,终已不顾。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
3.荆轲顾笑武阳,前为谢曰:“北蛮夷之鄙人,未尝见天子,故振慑,愿大王少假借之,使毕使于前。”
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
4.荆轲逐秦王,秦王还柱而走。群臣惊愕,卒起不意,尽失其度。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;

答案解析
一、答案：1.反　返　返回　2.振　震　惧怕　3.卒　猝　突然
二、答案：1.没有信物　2.走投无路,陷于困境　3.品德高尚之人,这里指樊将军　4.可以用它来……
三、答案：1.走投无路/极,尽/穷尽,走到尽头/贫穷/尽、完结/不得志,不显贵/竭尽　2.指身子向上起/举起/牵、拉/延请/调转车头/带领/序/称引/拉开弓
3.露出/被/拜见,会见/召见,接见/用在动词前,表示对他人动作行为的承受,译为“自己”、“我”/看见的东西　4.连词,于是/副词,才/代词,你的/副词,是/连词,表承接,于是、便/连词,表转折,竟然,却/副词,表范围的限定,只,仅仅
四、答案：(一)1.(1)穿着白色的衣服、戴着白色的帽子　(2)哭,流眼泪
(3)上前　2.(1)早晚,极言时间短暂　(2)像簸箕一样　(3)向上　(4)向北
(5)用匣子　(二)使……听到　(三)1.远方　2.(1)以……为迟　(2)以……为怪
五、答案：1、2.判断句　1.这是我日日夜夜咬牙切齿、搥胸痛恨所考虑的。
2.事情不能成功的原因,是想活着威逼你(订立盟约)。
3、4.被动句　3.都被杀死或收为奴婢。
4.而且燕国被欺侮的耻辱也除掉了。
5、6.状语后置句　5.燕王在朝廷上行了礼送出来。
6.秦王用一千斤金和一万户人口的封地做赏格,悬赏他的头。
六、答案：1.即使太子不说,我也要请求行动。现在去却没有什么凭信之物,那就无法接近秦王。(采分点:微、谒、信、亲)
2.众宾客都瞪大了眼睛,头发都向上竖起顶住了帽子。于是荆轲就上车离去,始终不曾回头。(采分点:上、就、顾)
3.荆轲回头来对秦武阳笑了笑,上前替他向秦王谢罪说:“北方蛮夷地区的粗鄙人,没有拜见过天子,所以害怕,希望大王稍微原谅他些,让他在大王面前完成使命。”(采分点:顾、为、谢、假借、毕)
4.荆轲追逐秦王,秦王绕着柱子跑。秦国的群臣都惊呆了,事情突然发生,没意料到,大家都失去了常态。(采分点:还、走、卒)

三、《鸿 门 宴》
一、通假字
1.距关,毋内诸侯　(“　　　　”通“　　　　”,　　　　)
(“　　　　”通“　　　　”,　　　　)
2.要项伯　(“　　　　”通“　　　　”,　　　　)
3.不敢倍德　(“　　　　”通“　　　　”)
4.旦日不可不蚤自来谢项王　(“　　　　”通“　　　　”)
5.令将军与臣有　(“　　　　”通“　　　　”,　　　　)
二、古今异义
1.沛公奉卮酒为寿,约为婚姻
古义:　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:结婚的事;因结婚而产生的夫妻关系
2.备他盗之出入与非常也
古义:　　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:副词,十分,极
三、一词多义
1.谢 &nbsp;哙拜谢，起，立而饮之（ &nbsp; ）
旦日不可不蚤自来谢项王（ &nbsp; ）
乃令张良留谢（ &nbsp; ）
往昔初阳岁，谢家来贵门（《孔雀东南飞》）（ &nbsp; ）
多谢后世人，戒之慎勿忘（《孔雀东南飞》）（ &nbsp; ）
2.举 &nbsp;举所佩玉玦以示之者三（ &nbsp; ）
杀人如不能举，刑人如恐不胜（ &nbsp; ）
今亡亦死，举大计亦死（《陈涉世家》）（ &nbsp; ）
永元中，举孝廉不行（《张衡传》）（ &nbsp; ）
南取汉中，西举巴蜀（《过秦论》）（ &nbsp; ）
莫令事不举（《孔雀东南飞》）（ &nbsp; ）
子孙视之不甚惜，举以予人，如弃草芥（《六国论》）（ &nbsp; ）
大喜，笼归，举家庆贺（《促织》）（ &nbsp; ）
此妇无礼节，举动自专由（《孔雀东南飞》）（ &nbsp; ）
3.为 &nbsp;为击破沛公军（ &nbsp; ）
如今人方为刀俎，我为鱼肉（ &nbsp; ）
谁为①大王为②此计者（ &nbsp; ）
何辞为（ &nbsp; ）
约为婚姻（ &nbsp; ）
窃为大王不取也（ &nbsp; ）
吾属今为之虏矣（ &nbsp; ）
4.之 &nbsp;项伯乃夜驰之沛公军（ &nbsp; ）
且为之奈何（ &nbsp; ）
臣活之（ &nbsp; ）
备他盗之出入与非常也（ &nbsp; ）
今者有小人之言（ &nbsp; ）
之二虫又何知（《逍遥游》）（ &nbsp; ）
高余冠之岌岌兮（《离骚》）（ &nbsp; ）
何陋之有（《陋室铭》）（ &nbsp; ）
以其求思之深而无不在也（《游褒禅山记》）（ &nbsp; ）
久之，目似瞑，意暇甚（《狼》）（ &nbsp; ）
四、词类活用
(一)名词的活用
1.名词作动词
(1)沛公军霸上　(　　　　　　)
(2)沛公欲王关中　(　　　　　　)
(3)籍吏民,封府库　(　　　　　　)
(4)道芷阳间行　(　　　　　　)
(5)刑人如恐不胜　(　　　　　　)
(6)范增数目项王　(　　　　　　)
2.名词作状语
(1)项伯乃夜驰之沛公军　(　　　　　　)
(2)吾得兄事之　(　　　　　　)
(3)常以身翼蔽沛公　(　　　　　　)
3.名词的使动用法
先破秦入咸阳者王之　(　　　　　　)
(二)动词的活用
动词的使动用法
(1)项伯杀人,臣活之　(　　　　　　)
(2)交戟之卫士欲止不内　(　　　　　　)
(3)沛公旦日从百余骑来见项王　(　　　　　　)
(三)形容词的活用
1.形容词作名词
君安与项伯有故　(　　　　　　)
2.形容词作动词
(1)素善留侯张良　(　　　　　　)
(2)秋毫不敢有所近　(　　　　　　)
3.形容词的使动用法
拔剑撞而破之　(　　　　　　)
五、判断下列文言文句式的类型并翻译
1.此天子气也。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
2.楚左尹项伯者,项羽季父也。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
3.夺项王天下者必沛公也。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
4.若属皆且为所虏!　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
5.吾属今为之虏矣!　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
6.不然,籍何以至此?　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
7.大王来何操?　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
8.贪于财货。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
9.曹无伤使人言于项羽曰。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
六、语句翻译
1.秦时与臣游,项伯杀人,臣活之;今事有急,故幸来告良。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
2.范增数目项王,举所佩玉玦以示之者三,项王默然不应。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
3.若入前为寿,寿毕,请以剑舞,因击沛公于坐,杀之。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
4.大行不顾细谨,大礼不辞小让。如今人方为刀俎,我为鱼肉,何辞为?
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
5.吾入关,秋毫不敢有所近,籍吏民,封府库,而待将军。所以遣将守关者,备他盗之出入与非常也。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;

答案解析
一、答案：1.距　拒　把守　内　纳　接纳　2.要　邀　邀请　3.倍　背
4.蚤　早　5.　隙　隔阂,嫌怨
二、答案：1.儿女亲家　2.意外的变故
三、答案：1.感谢/道歉/辞谢/辞别/告诉　2.举起,抬起/尽/发动,举行/推荐,推举/攻取/成功/拿/全,皆/行动　3.介词,替、给/是/①介词,替;②动词,设计/句末语气词,常用在疑问句里,不译/动词,成为/动词,认为/被　4.动词,到,往/代词,这件事/代词,他/主谓之间,取消句子的独立性/结构助词,“的”/指示代词,此/结构助词,定语后置的标志/结构助词,宾语前置的标志/结构助词,补语的标志/音节助词,不译
四、答案：(一)1.(1)驻扎　(2)称王　(3)登记　(4)取道　(5)使用刑罚　
(6)使眼色　2.(1)在夜晚　(2)像对待兄长一样　(3)像翅膀一样　3.使……为王　(二)(1)使……活,救活　(2)使……停止,阻止;使……进入,接纳
(3)使……跟从,带领　(三)1.交情　2.(1)友善,交好　(2)接触、沾染　
3.使……破,撞破
五、答案：1～3.判断句　1.这是天子的气象啊。
2.楚国的左尹项伯,是项羽的叔父。
3.(将来)夺取项王天下的人必定是沛公。
4、5.被动句　4.你们这些人都将要被他俘虏!(“为所”表被动)
5.我们这些人将要被他俘虏!(“为”表被动)
6、7.宾语前置句　6.如果不是这样,我怎么会这样呢?
7.大王您来时带了什么礼物?
8、9.状语后置句　8.对钱财很贪心。
9.曹无伤派人对项羽说。
六、答案：1.在秦朝的时候,项伯和我有交往,项伯杀了人,我救活了他;现在有了紧急的情况,所以幸亏他来告诉我。(采分点:游、急、故、幸;活用:活)
2.范增多次给项王使眼色,三(或“多”)次举起身上佩带的玉玦(暗示项王),项王默默地毫无反应。(采分点:以、示、三;活用:目)
3.你进去上前祝酒,祝酒完了,请求舞剑助兴,顺便把刘邦击倒在座位上,杀掉他。(采分点:若、为、寿、因)
4.做大事不必注意细枝末节,行大礼不必讲小的谦让。现在人家正像切肉的刀和砧板,我们是鱼和肉,何必告辞呢?(采分点:顾、两个“辞”、让、方、为)
5.我进入关中,极小的财物都不敢沾染,登记官吏、人民,封闭了(收藏财物的)府库,以等待将军(的到来)。之所以派遣官兵去把守函谷关,是防备其他盗贼的进出和意外的变故。(采分点:秋毫、籍、所以、之、出入、非常)

必修二 文言文复习
一、《离骚》
一、通假字
1.偭规矩而改错　(“　　　”通“　　　”,　　　)
2.忳郁邑余侘傺兮　(“　　　”通“　　　”,　　　)
3.何方圜之能周兮　(“　　　”通“　　　”)
4.进不入以离尤兮　(“　　　”通“　　　”,　　　)
5.芳菲菲其弥章　(“　　　”通“　　　”,　　　)
二、古今异义
1.怨灵修之浩荡兮
古义:　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:水势大;形容广阔或壮大
2.宁溘死以流亡兮
古义:　　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:因灾害或政治原因而被迫离开家乡或祖国
3.长余佩之陆离
古义:　　　　　　　　&nbsp;
今义:形容色彩繁杂
三、一词多义
1.固 &nbsp;固前圣之所厚（ &nbsp; ）
蔺相如固止之（《廉颇蔺相如列传》）（ &nbsp; ）
固国不以山溪之险（《〈孟子〉两章》）（ &nbsp; ）
汝心之固，固不可彻（《愚公移山》）（ &nbsp; ）
据崤函之固（《过秦论》）（ &nbsp; ）
君臣固守以窥周室（《过秦论》）（ &nbsp; ）
2.信 &nbsp;苟余情其信芳（ &nbsp; ）
信可乐也（《兰亭集序》）（ &nbsp; ）
信臣精卒陈利兵而谁何（《过秦论》）（ &nbsp; ）
自可断来信，徐徐更谓之（《孔雀东南飞 并序》）（ &nbsp; ）
今行而无信，则秦未可亲也（《荆轲刺秦王》）（ &nbsp; ）
低眉信手续续弹（《琵琶行 并序》）（ &nbsp; ）
欲信大义于天下（《隆中对》）（ &nbsp; ）
言必信，行必果（《论语》）（ &nbsp; ）
3.善 &nbsp;亦余心之所善兮（ &nbsp; ）
择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之（《论语》）（ &nbsp; ）
积善成德，而神明自得，圣心备焉（《劝学》）（ &nbsp; ）
君子生非异也，善假于物也（《劝学》）（ &nbsp; ）
楚左尹项伯者，项羽季父也，素善留侯张良（《鸿门宴》）（ &nbsp; ）
不如因善遇之（《鸿门宴》）（ &nbsp; ）
善万物之得时，感吾生之行休（《归去来兮辞 并序》）（ &nbsp; ）
善刀而藏之（《庖丁解牛》）（ &nbsp; ）
4.知 &nbsp;不吾知其亦已兮（ &nbsp; ）
人非生而知之者，孰能无惑（《师说》）（ &nbsp; ）
君子博学而日参省乎己，则知明而行无过矣（《劝学》）（ &nbsp; ）
失其所与，不知（《烛之武退秦师》）（ &nbsp; ）
故夫知效一官，行比一乡（《逍遥游》）（ &nbsp; ）
四、词类活用
(一)名词的活用
1.名词作动词
(1)余虽好修姱以羁兮　(　　　　　　)
(2)步余马于兰皋兮　　(　　　　　　)
2.名词作状语
謇朝谇而夕替　　(　　　　　　)
(二)动词的活用
1.动词的使动用法
(1)屈心而抑志兮　　(　　　　　　)
(2)回朕车以复路兮　　(　　　　　　)
2.动词的为动用法
(1)伏清白以死直兮　　(　　　　　　)
(2)哀民生之多艰　　(　　　　　　)
(三)形容词的活用
1.形容词作名词
(1)何方圜之能周兮　　(　　　　　　)
(2)谣诼谓余以善淫　　(　　　　　　)
2.形容词作动词
固前圣之所厚　　(　　　　　　)
3.形容词的使动用法
(1)高余冠之岌岌兮　　(　　　　　　)
(2)长余佩之陆离　　(　　　　　　)
五、判断下列文言文句式的类型并翻译
1.謇朝谇而夕替。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
2.虽体解吾犹未变兮。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
3.谣诼谓余以善淫。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
4.步余马于兰皋兮。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
5.不吾知其亦已兮。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
6.高余冠之岌岌兮,长余佩之陆离。　(　　　　　　)
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
六、语句翻译
1.既替余以蕙兮,又申之以揽。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
2.屈心而抑志兮,忍尤而攘诟。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
3.回朕车以复路兮,及行迷之未远。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
4.进不入以离尤兮,退将复修吾初服。
翻译:&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;

答案解析
一、答案：1.错　措　措施　2.邑　悒　忧愁　3.圜　圆　4.离　罹　遭受
5.章　彰　明显
二、答案：1.荒唐,没有准则　2.随水流而消逝　3.修长的样子
三、答案：1.本来/坚决/巩固/顽固/险固的地势/牢牢地
2.确实/实在/可靠的/使者,指媒人/信物,凭证/随意/通“伸”,伸张/守信用
3.崇尚,喜爱/善良,美好/好事,好的行为/善于,擅长/交好,友善/好好地,友善地/喜好、羡慕/通“缮”,修治,引申为“拭擦”
4.了解/知道,懂得/通“智”,智慧/通“智”,明智/才智
四、答案：</p>