详尽的高考英语单词表(含相关词组和例句,按照字母顺序排列).doc

206Unit Oneabandon vt. go away from( a person or thing or place) not intending to return; desert 放弃，抛弃 词组 abandon ones home 离弃家园abandon ones wife 遗弃妻子an abandoned baby 被抛弃的孩子abandon ones research for lack of funds 由于缺乏资金放弃abandon oneself to 沉溺于ability n. capacity or power to do something physical or mental 能力词组 to the best of ones ability 尽自己最大努力例句 I believe your ability to bring out the best in others. 我相信你有充分发挥别人潜力的能力ableadj. having knowledge or skill; capable 有能力的， 能干的反义词：unable词组be able to do 1zbe capable of 有能力做某事辨析able capable两个都指“有才能的”， able所指的意义，高过capable 一级,如 an able man 能应付各种事情的人（指非常的），而a capable man 能应付自如的人（指寻常的）；capable也可以用于贬义，表示此人什么事都干得出来。aboardadv. prep. on or into a ship, an aircraft, a train or a bus 在船（或飞机，车）上；上船，登机, 在船（或飞机，车）上词组go aboard 上船（飞机）welcome aboard请上船（飞机）aboutprep. on the subject of (sb/sth); concerning or regarding关于；around在周围；在各处；大约adv. (indicating position, state, etc) here and there in (a place) 各处，周围词组be about to 刚要；正准备例句 He was about to leave when it began to rain. 他刚要离开，这时开始下雨了。How about? What about? 关于怎么样？How about going to watch a football game? 去看足球赛怎么样？辨析 be to do be going to do be about to do be to do 表示计划或安排要做的事； be going to do表示打算要做但还没有安排好何时做的事； be about to do表示某时突然想要做某事或表示过去刚要做某事时另一件事发生了,这时常与when词组连用。例句 We are going to visit our former English teacher this winter holiday. 这个寒假我们打算去看看我们以前的英语老师。 We are to visit our English teacher on Feb 5th. 二月五日我们去看看我们的英语老师。 I was about to leave home when the doorbell rang. 我刚要出门，这时门铃响了。aboveprep. higher than something 在上面；高于；超过反义词：belowadv. 在上面词组above all 最重要的是above average超过平均水平as indicated above如上所示above-mentioned上述的absentadj. not present 缺席,心不在焉反义词 presentv. fml to keep oneself away （正式）缺席，不在词组be absent from缺席 be present at 出席absent-minded 心不在焉的 absent expression茫然的表情 in the absence of = in ones absence有谁不在场in the presence of = in ones presence 有谁在场展开 absencen.反义词 presenceabsolute adj. complete, total 十足的，道地的；绝对的，完全的词组 an absolute idiot十足的傻瓜absolute power绝对的权利展开 absolutely adv.完全地；极其absorbvt. take sth in; include sth/sb as part of itself 吸收；接受；把并入；吸引（注意力，精力等）词组be absorbed in全神贯注于（同）be lost in; concentrate ones attention/ mind onfocus ones mind/ attention onabstractadj. existing in thought or as an idea but not having a physical or practical existence 抽象的反义词：concrete an abstract noun抽象名词n. 摘要，梗概词组in the abstract 抽象地说，一般地说accept v. take (sth offered) willingly接受，认可adj. acceptable 可以接受的辨析receive 表示“收到”，而accept 表示“接受”，其反义词为refuse I received his invitation yesterday but I did not accept it. 昨天我受到了他的邀请，但是没有接受。admit 表示“接纳”，“吸收”某人加入某一组织，团体等 Soon he was admitted to British citizenship. 不久之后他便被接受为英国公民。accessn. means of approaching or entering( a place) 通道；opportunity or right to use sth or approach sth 接近；接近的机会；享用权词组 a man of easy access 容易接近的人 have access to可以到达（进入）；能够使用（接近）例句 The only access to that building is along the muddy track. 进入那幢大楼的唯一通道就是这条泥泞的轨道。Only a few people have access to the full facts of the case. 只有几个人可以获取这个案例的全部事实。展开accessibleadj. 容易接近，得到或使用accidentn. event that happens unexpectedly and causes damages, injury, etc.意外事件，事故词组a traffic accident交通事故by accident偶然（同）by chanceaccidentally (反)on purpose例句 He owes his success to a mere accident 他的成功出于偶然。展开 accidental adj.偶然的accompanyvt. to go with, as on a journey陪伴，陪同；to happen or exist at the same time伴随，和一起发生；to make supporting music for为伴奏（或伴唱）例句 I was accompanied to the airport by my wife. 妻子陪我到机场。Suffering accompanied war. 灾难总是伴随着战争一起。He sang a folk song, accompanied by his wife at the piano. 他唱了一首民歌，他妻子钢琴伴奏展开 company n. 陪伴 keep sb. company陪伴accomplishv. to succeed in doing; finish successfully; perform 实行，完成词组accomplish ones purpose 达到目的accomplish nothing 一事无成accomplish wonders 创造奇迹an accomplished young lady 多才多艺的少女展开 accomplishedadj. 熟练的，已完成的，有教养的辨析accomplishcompletefinishachieve fulfilaccomplish指通过努力完成（某一任务，使命），取得（成就），达到（目的）等complete 较accomplish更具体，指把建筑，工程，书籍等完成finish 指完成日常琐事，接动名词作“结束”讲，而complete则不能如此。另外，finish指消极性的“完成”辨析： I have finished the book. 我已读完这本书了。I have completed the book. 我已写完这本书了。fulfil 完成（计划，任务），达到（目的），强调的是对预期的或保证过的事情圆满完成，达到预想的目的和要求。I had fulfilled many of my youthful ambitions.我已实现了我年轻时的许多抱负。展开 achieve指排除困难，完成伟大功业，取得成就。according adv. 按照；根据词组according to根据accordinglyadv. 相应地accountn. a written or spoken report; description记述，描述，报告n. a record or statement of money received and paid out, as by a bank or business, esp. for a particular period or at a particular date账，帐户n. 解释，说明vi. account for 说明的原因，是的原因vi. account for（在数量，比例方面）占词组give an account of叙述；报告pay ones account付帐keep accounts记账on account of由于；因为 on no account决不takeinto account = take account of = take into consideration 考虑of no account不重要的on account以赊帐方式展开 accountant n. 会计人员accusev. to charge(someone)with doing wrong or breaking the law; blame 指责词组accuse sb. of sth.= charge sb.with sth. 控告某人the accused 被告the accuser 原告展开 accusation n. 指责，控告accustomed adj. being in the habit of; used to习惯于；regular, usual 通常的，惯常的词组 表示“习惯于”be (get, become, grow) accustomed tobe (get, become, grow) used to（变得）习惯于adapt oneself to adjust oneself to使自己习惯于accustom oneself to例句 This is her accustomed hour to get up.这是她惯常的起床时间ache n. a continuous pain疼痛vi. to have or suffer a continuous dull pain 疼痛，酸痛合成词toothache牙疼 headache头疼 stomachache胃疼辨析achepain hurtache 指一种辨析持久的疼痛，或因小病或失调引起的感觉 I have an ache in my stomach.我胃疼。 He is aching all over.他浑身痛。pain 指人体感到不舒服，是一般用语，可指身体或精神方面的痛 I have a sharp pain in the neck.我的颈部痛得很。hurt 指身体或精神的伤害，指“疼痛”时，为不及物动词 What you have said hurt her.你说的伤到她了。 My fingers still hurt now.我的手指还在痛。achievevt. to finish successfully(esp. something, anything, nothing) 完成，实现，达到vi. 成功词组achieve ones aim 达成目标achieve nothing一事无成achieve success成功achieve a general increase in production实现逐步增长辨析（见accomplish词条）展开 achievement n. 成就，成绩acquire vt. to get for oneself by ones own work, skill, action, etc.取得，获得；学到词组acquire a property得到一笔财产acquire a large vocabulary学到大量词汇acquire confidence获得信心辨析acquireget obtain gainacquire 指（经过一个过程或通过自己的努力才）“获得”，“习得”get 为一般用语，表示“得”，“取得”等，常用在口语中obtain 比get文雅些，指凭着努力，要求等而“得到” Further information can be obtained from our head office. 可以从我们总部获得更多信息gain “取得”“赚得（利益等）”，含优势和成就等意味。 Nothing can be gained without an effort. 不劳则无获。across prep. from one side to the other of穿过， 横过， 在的对面adv. 从 边到另一边；宽，横词组come across = run across 碰到某人或遭遇某事get across惹（某人）不高兴put across哄骗（使相信或接受）get sth. across使人理解,领会put sth. across讲清楚，使人听懂The stream is 6 feet across.这条小溪六尺宽。He was unable to get across to the group what he meant.他无法让人了解他什么意思。We must learn how to put our ideas across. 我们必须学会讲清楚我们的观点。辨析acrossthroughacross 指平面的穿过;through指空间或内部的穿过辨析across the river/ street/ desert/ plain through the forest/ window/ gateactvi. to take action行动；做，做事；to represent (a part) or perform by action表演;vt. 扮演（角色）n. 行为，动作；法令；条例词组act on/ upon1. 根据行事2对产生影响，对起作用act on the teachers instructions遵照老师的指令Acids act on metals.酸对金属起作用。in the act of正做的过程中 an act of great daring英勇的行为an education act教育法例句 She acted wisely in this matter.她在这事上做得很明智。He wasnt acting like himself.他的举止反常。He acts very well in the play.他在剧中演得很好He acted Romeo.他演罗密欧。actionprocess of doing something n. 行动词组take action 采取行动out of action不（再）起作用，不（再）运转go /come into action开始战斗，开始行动辨析actionactactivityact 指短暂，个别的，具体的“行为”；action 偏重于抽象的，占时较长的“行为”，“行为过程”，更具有连续性；activity指活动。例句The thief was caught in the very act of stealing. 小偷在行窃时被逮捕。Firm action must be taken to prevent such an accident from happening again.必须采取果断措施以防止此类事故再度发生。展开 classroom activity班级活动action 也常指做事的方法或效果action of a runner/ a medicine 跑步者的动作（药的作用）actions泛指人们的行为，常与呼应Actions speak louder than words.（谚语）事实胜于雄辩。注：我们可以有如下表达a foolish/ kind/ brave act (or action)= an act( not action ) of foolishness/ kindness/ braveryactiveenergetic; quick; lively adj. 积极的，主动的词组be active in = take an active part in积极参加展开 activelyadv. 积极地adapt v.make something suitable for a new use, situation etc. 使适应，使适合；. v. alter or modify(a text) for television, the stage, etc. 修改，改编词组adapt oneself to使自己适应，习惯（见accustomed 词条）adapt to适应addv. put something together with sth. else so as to increase the size, number, amount etc.加，添加；进一步说（或写），附带说明词组add up to = amount to = total = come to合计达，总计add to 增加add up加起来add to ones confusion/ difficulty增加困惑，困难例句 Three added to four makes seven.3加4等于7Add all these figures and see what the total is.把这些数字加起来，看看是多少。addition n. adding, esp. calculating the total of two or more numbers 加；加法词组 in addition = besides另外，加之 in addition to = as well as = besides除之外（还有）展开 additional adj. 附加的，另外的address n. details of where a person lives, works or can be found, and where letters , etc may be delivered 地址，住址；n. speech made to an audience演说，讲话 vt. （在信封或包裹上）写姓名，地址；向作（正式）讲话；对发表演说； 称呼；处理词组address oneself to向讲话，致力于辨析addressspeechlecturereporttalkaddress 指较正式隆重场合上所作的“演说”；speech 普通用语，指在公共场合所作的经过准备的或无准备的“发言”；lecture 学术性的“演讲”“讲座”；report 事件及局势的报道（报告）或下级给上级的报告；talk非正式的讲话，用与较随便的场合。 I went to a lecture he gave on literature. a political report I must have a long talk with him.adequate adj. sufficient 足够的，适当的；胜任的 反义词：inadequate辨析adequatesufficientenoughadequate 着重符合一个客观要求或标准，兼有“适当”之意；sufficient较偏重分量或数量的“足够”，多用于书面语；enough常用语，也较偏重分量或数量的“足够”。His wages are adequate to support the family.他的工资足够养家了。adjustv. alter (sth) by a small amount so that it will fit or be right for use; regulate 调整；调节词组adjust oneself to调整以适应（见accustomed词条）adjust to适应例句 The body quickly adjust ( itself ) to changes in temperature. 身体迅速自行调节以适应气温的变化。admirevt. regard sb with respect, pleasure, satisfaction etc. 赞赏，钦佩词组win the admiration of赢得的赞赏 be the admiration of成为（是）.的欣赏对象have/ display an admiration for对非常佩服（欣赏）展开 admirern. 崇拜者admirable adj. 令人敬佩的admirably adv. 令人敬佩地，非常地admiringly adv. 钦佩地，赞叹地admiration n. 欣赏，赞赏admit vt. allow sb/ sth to enter 允许进入，使进入；容纳；容许 recognize or acknowledge sth as true, confess sth. 承认+that clause/ doing/ n./ pron.词组admit to sth/doing sth承认；同向admit (having made ) mistakes承认犯了错误be admitted into被录取 admit of 容许例句 Only important personages were admitted to the opening ceremony.只有VIP才可参加开幕式。This matter admits of no delay.这件事不容拖延。 This ticket will admit three to the concert. 一张票可供三个人听音乐会。 George would never admit to being wrong. 乔治从不认错。 I admit my mistake that I was wrong. 我承认我错了。展开 admission n. 准许进入，入场费，费用advancev. come or go forward 前进，向前移动；make progress 取得进展；increase (a price)（价格等）上涨；pay before it is due to be paid预先发放，预先支付；bring (an event) to an earlier date 提前，使提前发生；make a present (a claim or suggestion, etc) 提出（建议等）n. 前进，前移；进展，改进；（价格等）增加；预付（款等）adj. 预先的，先行的 词组in advance 在前面；预先，事先展开 advanced adj. 先进的，高级的；年迈的，后阶段的advantage n. condition or circumstance that gives one superiority or success (esp. when competing with others) 优势，好处 反义词：disadvantage词组take advantage of利用（某人的处境，弱点等）；利用（机会等）= make use ofhave (give sb.) an advantage over （使某人）在方面辨析有利；胜过have the advantage of 在某方面有优势to sb.s advantage对（某人）有利turn sth. to advantage使发挥作用，充分利用例句 His British upbringing gives him certain advantages over other applicants. 他在英国成长受教育，这一背景使他比其他应征者略胜一筹。He has the advantage of speaking four languages over others. 相比其他人，他有能说四门语言的优势。The lawyers letter said she would hear something to her advantage. 律师的信上说她会听到对她有利的消息。展开 advantageousadj. 有利的adventure n. unusual, exciting or dangerous experience or undertaking 冒险（性）；冒险活动；冒险经历；激动人心的活动（经历）；奇遇辨析adventure ventureadventure 指如探险等一般性的冒险venture尤指在商业方面有风险的计划，投资，事业his adventures in Africa他在非洲的冒险经历He thought the venture far too risky and didnt want to become involved. 他认为这个计划风险性太大而不想参与。展开 adventurous adj. 冒险的adventurer n. 冒险家advicen. opinion given about what to do or how to behave 建议，劝告 （不可数）a piece of advice词组advise sb. to do sth.= try to persuade sb. to do sth. = try to persuade sb. into doing sth.建议某人做某事ask sb. for advice向某人要建议follow/ take ones advice听从某人的建议give sb. some advice on sth.给某人提建议it is advisable for sb. to do sth.。对某人来说是可取的展开 advisev. 建议advisable adj.明智的，可取的，适当的affair n.thing (to be) done; concern; matter 事情，事件；(pl.) 事务词组 public affairs公事private / personal affairs私事national /state affairs国事international affairs国际事务family affairs家事current affairs时事辨析affairmatterbusinessevent incidentaffair 涵义最广，可指已经发生的或必须去做的任何事情，也可泛指事务（用作复数时，指重大的或头绪较多的事情）；matter 意为事情，指要考虑或处理的（小）事； money matters钱的事情 Whats the matter? = whats wrong?business常指生意，商业，还可指任务，责任，正事； do business with与某人做生意go into business经商business hours 营业时间mind your own business ( affairs ) 少管闲事get down to business干正事Its none of your business.不关你的事Business is business.公事公办event 指重大事情 historical even