阅读理解练习二.doc

阅读理解练习二

Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D.

Text 1

　　Visitors to Britain are sometimes surprised to learn that newspapers there have such a large circulation. The 'quality' newspapers are often held up as an example of impartial journalism but the 'Daily Mirror' and the 'Daily Express' usually impress newspapermen even more because they both sell about four million copies every day. British families generally buy a newspaper every morning and frequently take two or three on Sundays, but the vast circulation figures obtained are not only due to the Englishman's thirst for news. Because the newspapers are all published nationally, copies can be delivered everywhere at the same time.
　　Though people broad often know the names of the national papers, they seldom realize that there is another branch of the British press which sells almost as many copies. Local newspapers have a weekly circulation of 13 million. Almost every town and country area has one. Nearly all of them hold their own financially and many of them are very profitable.
　　These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council meetings and sport-but the content is naturally influenced by the king of community they serve. Editors prefer to rely on a small staff of people who all know the district well. A great deal of local news is regularly supplied by clubs and churches in the neigh hour hood and it does not get out of date as quickly as national news. If there is no room for it in this week's edition, an item cam sometimes be held until the following week.
The editor must never forget that the success of any newspaper depends on advertising. He is usually anxious to keep the good will of local businessmen for this reason. But if the newspaper is well written and the news items have been carefully chosen to attract local readers, the businessmen are grateful for the opportunity to keep their products in the public eye.
　　Local newspapers do not often comment on problems of national importance and editors rarely hold with taking sides on political questions. But they can often be of service to the community in expressing public feeling on local issues. A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action to provide better shopping facilities, improve transport in the area and preserve local monuments and places of interest.
Text 1　译文
　　英国的游客有时候会惊讶那里的报纸竟有如此大的销量。《优报》常被举为公正的新闻报道的例子，但是《明镜日报》和《每日快报》通常给人的印象更深，因为它们每天可以卖到400万册。英国的家庭通常每天早晨买一份报纸，也常常在周日买两三份。但是所获的销售量数据之大并不仅仅因为英国人很想了解新闻。因为这些报纸是全国性的出版，同时印发到各地。
　　尽管人们都充分地知道这些全国性报纸的名字，但很少有人意识到还有另外一个英国报刊的分支几乎能卖同样的数量。地方报纸有着每周13000万的销量。几乎每个城镇和乡村都有一种。它们基本上所有都是经济自立，而且许多都非常赢利。
　　这些报纸基本上完全为了对当地事件——出生、婚丧、地方议政会议的情况及体育报道等感兴趣的人所写，内容很自然地被他们服务的社区的读者所影响。主编喜欢去靠一个非常了解这个区的小人物去写。许多地方报纸固定地提供给周围的俱乐部和教堂。它不像全国性报纸那么容易过时。如果这周的版面不足够刊登，那么有时会移到下周刊登。
　　主编永远不会忘记报纸的成功靠广告。因此，他总是为保证当地商人的好的愿望的实现而焦急。但是如果这份报纸编辑的很好并且新闻也经过仔细地筛选，吸引了当地读者，那么商人们会很感激这份报纸给他们的产品提供了展现给大众的机会。
　　地方报纸很少对全国性重要性的问题发表评论。编辑们也很少赞同在政治问题上的支持某一方。但他们可以经常对当地事件发表公众的感情而服务于社区。一份报纸有时可以影响地方行政会议采取行动提供更好的购物设施，改进当地的交通，或者保护当地的纪念馆和名胜古迹。
46.The 'Daily Mirror' impresses newspapermen more because __.
〖A〗 it has a larger circulation than many other famous papers
〖B〗 it is of better quality than many other papers
〖C〗 it is sold nationally
〖D〗 it is delivered everywhere in Britain

答案：〖A〗
释疑：文章第一段讲到but the 'Mirror' and the 'Daily Express' usually impress newspapermen even more because they both sell four million copies every day('Daily Mirror'之所以给人深刻的印象，关键是每天能出售400百万份)。答案〖B〗讲由于它比其他报纸的质量好，这在文章中并没有提到。〖C〗 和〖D〗也不是原因。

47.Local papers are preferred by readers who _______.
〖A〗 are interested in news
〖B〗 are much interested in local events
〖C〗 want to obtain news as quickly as possible
〖D〗 work in churches and clubs

答案：〖B〗
释疑：这一题部的是什么人购买地方报纸。第三段中提到These papers are written almost entirely for readers interested in local events-births, weddings, deaths, council meetings and sport-but the content is naturally influenced by the kind of community they serve。地方报纸是为地方服务的，当地人对于当地的事物，如婚丧事宜、地方议政会议的情况及体育报道等，自然会更感兴趣。文章后面还提到it does not get out of date as quickly as national news（地方新闻不象全国性新闻那样容易过时）。

48.According to the text, businessmen would like to advertise in papers if _______.
〖A〗 the papers are well written
〖B〗 the papers can promote their products
〖C〗 they like to be in the news
〖D〗 the paper are popular and can attract readers

答案：〖D〗
释疑：第四段中提到But if the newspaper is well written and the news items have been carefully chosen to attract local readers。答案〖A〗只提到the papers are well written但没有全面地讲到"同时新闻应能够吸引读者"，所以是不全面的。

49.The last paragraph implies that _______.
〖A〗 local papers never comment on politics
〖B〗 local papers can sometimes influence policy making
〖C〗 local papers are more concerned about their own communities
〖D〗 local papers do not take sides on problems of national importance

答案：〖B〗
释疑：答案〖A〗、〖C〗和〖D〗在文章中是明明白白地提到了。但此题部的是这段文字暗含着什么意思。文章中提到A newspaper can sometimes persuade the council to take action. Council的成员是政策决策人（decision makers）,劝说这些人采取某种措施就是influence policy making了。

50.Newspapers in Britain have a large circulation because ____.
〖A〗 British families read two or three papers every day
〖B〗 British families like to read news and papers are available nationally
〖C〗 Newspapers are sold everywhere in Britain
〖D〗 The papers are impartial and people like to read them

答案：〖B〗
释疑：文章第一段提到了the Englishman's thirst for news以及the newspapers are published nationally。一方面，人们关心新闻；另一方面，报纸处处可以买到。答案〖A〗提到英国家庭每天都要买2到3份报纸。而文章中只讲generally buy a newspaper every morning and frequently take two or three on Sundays，这里没有提到每天都要买2到3份报纸。

Text 2

　　Dolphins have become a popular attraction at zoos in recent. They are more interesting than lions and tigers because they are livelier and perform tricks, like circus animals. But although they are more willing to cooperate with the trainer than other mammals in captivity , they get bored if they are asked to do the same trick twice. This is one reason for believing that they are very intelligent.
　　Dolphins are regarded as the friendliest creatures in the sea and stories of them helping drowning sailors have been common since Roman times . We now have more reliable evidence of their usefulness than sailors' tables.
　　The more we learn about dolphins, the more we realize that they are better organized and their society is more complex than people previously imagined. They look after other dolphins when they are ill, care for pregnant mothers and protect the weakest in the community, as we do.
　　Some scientists have suggested that dolphins have a language but it is much more probable that they communicate with each other without needing "words". They have an echo-location system which is similar to a bat's and much more sensitive than our hearing, so the most important task of a dolphin's brain is to transmit and receive sound.
　　Whales, especially the smaller types, are probably as intelligent as dolphins and some scientists claim that they are the most intelligent species in the world, apart from man. The great whales have the same brain power as the smaller ones but it is not so easy to study them because they cannot be kept in captivity for long and they live in the deeper, less accessible parts of the ocean.
　　Could any of these mammals be more intelligent than man? The question cannot be answered because our aims and interests are different from dolphins' and whales'. They are better adapted to their environment than we are and find food more easily. As a result, they are much more attracted by pleasure for its own sake than men and are not nearly so interested in dominating other species.
Text 2　译文
　　近来，海豚已经变成动物园里一个受欢迎的焦点。它们比狮子和老虎更有趣，因为它们更活泼，而且还可以像马戏团的动物一样表演绝技。然而，虽然它们比关起来的其他哺乳动物更乐意与训练者合作，但如果让它们做同样的动作两次，它们就会感到厌烦。这是我们相信它们有判断力的一个原因。
　　 海豚被认为是海洋里最友好的生物。自从罗马时代关于他们救溺水的水手的故事就已经很常见。现在我们有了可靠的证明它们有用的证据，这些证据比水手的桌子都多。
　　我们了解海豚越多，就越发现它们很好地组织着，它们的“社会”比人们原先想象的要复杂。它们像我们一样，会去照顾别的生病的海豚，关心怀孕的海豚妈妈，保护社会的弱小。
　　一些科学家认为海豚有一种语言。但是他们会更可能的不用语言互相交流。它们有与蝙蝠的类似的回声定位系统，比我们的听力灵敏的多。所以海豚大脑最重要的工作是传达和接收声波。
　　鲸尤其是小的鲸可能拥有和海豚一样的判断力。一些科学家宣称它们是世界上出人之外最聪颖的物种。大的鲸有着与小鲸一样的脑力，但研究它们不太容易，因为它们很难被长时间的关起来，而且他们生活在海洋很深很难接触到的地方。
　　这些中任何一种哺乳动物都比人类有判断力吗？这个问题上不能回答，因为我们的目标和兴趣与海豚和鲸的都不同。它们比我们能更好地适应它们的环境，更容易地觅食。结果，它们因为自己的原因比人类更能被引起兴趣，但基本上没有兴趣去统治其他物种。
51.Dolphins are believed to be very intelligent because _____.
〖A〗 they are more willing to cooperate with people
〖B〗 they do tricks that people ask them to do
〖C〗 they sometimes show evidence of having good sense
〖D〗 they get bored when asked to do the same tricks

答案：〖C〗
释疑：文章中谈到海豚在连续做人们要它做的动作之后会显得烦躁，然后谈到This is one reason for believing that they are very intelligent。其实，读文章绝不能只读表面意思。海豚表现烦躁是表象，内涵的意思是海豚可能有一定判断能力。所以，其他答案都是不正确的。

52.Dolphins' society may be more complex than people have expected because _______.
〖A〗 they care for members of their own species as human beings do
〖B〗 they can save drowning sailors
〖C〗 they are better organized
〖D〗 they communicate without words

答案：〖A〗
释疑：海豚的内部"社会结构"比人们认为的要复杂。既然讲的是dolphins'
society,自然要以海豚内部的关系来说明问题。答案[B] 讲的是海豚与人类的关系。答案[C] 没有提出任何原因。答案〖D〗讲的是海豚的语言问题，这与社会结构没有任何联系。

53.Big whales are more difficult to be studied because _____.
〖A〗 they are very ferocious
〖B〗 they are more intelligent
〖C〗 they are difficult to catch
〖D〗 they cannot be kept for experiment for long

答案：〖D〗
释疑：文章第5段提到they cannot be kept in captivity for long and they live in the deeper, less accessible parts of the ocean。英语的in captivity 是"被囚禁"的意思，less accessible是"很难到达"的意思。

54.We can infer from the text that dolphins and whales _____.
〖A〗 can think as human beings
〖B〗 show more signs of intelligence than many other animals
〖C〗 show no interest in human beings
〖D〗 have a language without words

答案：〖B〗
释疑：这是一道要求考生进行推理的题。所谓推理是通过全文的阅读，读者能够从文章所提供的信息，推断出合适的结论。结论不能凭读者自己的常识，或不借助文章就能得出，结论必须在阅读文章之后才能得出。作扒理题必须读懂整篇文字，同时采用分析、归纳、排除、类比等逻辑方法，从而得出正确答案。这道题的答案〖A〗、〖C〗、〖D〗讲的是事物的事实而不是结论。〖B〗讲的是对海豹豚的看法，即结论。

55.The best title for the text would be _______.
〖A〗 Mammals That Seem Almost Human
〖B〗 Human Like Mammals-Dolphins
〖C〗 Strange Animal World
〖D〗 Whales At Sea

答案：〖A〗
释疑：这道题要求考生给文章起个合适的题目。合适的题目应是对全文大意的总结。题目应能概括整篇文章，不能过于片面。只有〖A〗比较合适。

Text 3

　　One evening last week my wife and I were sitting quietly at home. She was looking at the television while I was reading a book. Suddenly we heard a loud bang. I supposed that the old lady in the flat above ours was moving the furniture about. My wife was afraid that the noise would wake the baby. She turned down the television and a moment later we heard someone calling for help.
　　I ran upstairs. The old lady's door was shut but I could see smoke coming through the letter box and under the door and could smell something burning. 'The flat is on fire', I shouted down to my wife. 'Ring the fire brigade'.
　　I banged on the door but the old lady took a long time to answer. I was turning over in my mind the idea of breaking the door down when she finally appeared.
　　'I was having a bath,' she said, 'when the water heater in the kitchen blew up.'
　　'Why didn't you open the door?' I asked her.
　　'I was getting dressed when you knocked,' she said, looking embarrassed.
　　I took her downstairs to our flat. Then I ran back, went inside the old lady's flat and turned the gas off to prevent another explosion. Smoke was pouring out of the kitchen and the heater was in flames. Just then I heard a fire engine arriving outside and the heavy footsteps of the firemen on the stairs. I looked round and noticed two of them standing in the doorway. 'It's in here,' I said, 'You turned up promptly, I must say.'
　　When I got back to our flat my wife was making the old lady a cup of tea. Soon afterwards, the fire chief came in to ask some questions. It turned out that the fire was not very serious and the firemen were already putting it out . When they left my wife went up with the old lady to help her clear up the mess.
　　When she returned, my wife remarked:' It's all right now. Nothing was damaged except the heater. But wasn't it lucky that Baby slept through all that noise?
　　She took the teacups into the kitchen and I heard her scream and the cups crash to the floor. The baby woke up at last and started to cry.
Text 3　译文
　　上星期的一个晚上，我和妻子静静地坐在家里。她再看电视，我在看书。突然我们听到一声很响的猛撞声，我想一定是公寓里我们楼上的老太太在搬动家具。我妻子担心这噪声吵醒我们的宝宝，她把电视音量关小了，过了一会，我们听到有人呼救。
　　 我跑到楼上，老太太的门关着但我看到信箱里和门低下冒出的烟，还闻到了一股烧东西的味道。“公寓着火了！”我向我的妻子喊道，“给消防队打电话！”
　　我去敲门但好长时间后老太太才回答。我正在考虑把门打破，这时老太太出来了。“我正在洗澡。”她说，“这时厨房的热水器爆炸了。”我问她：“为什么不开门？”
　　“你敲门的时候我在穿衣服。”她回答到，看起来有些窘迫。
　　我把她带到我们家去，然后回来，进去关掉了煤气以免再发生爆炸。烟从厨房冒出来，热水器还在燃烧。就在这时，我听到外面救火车的声音和楼梯上消防员的脚步声。我看了看周围，注意到其中两个人站在门口。“在这儿。”我说：“你们出现的很及时，我必须说。”
　　我回家后我妻子正给那位老太太泡茶。接着很快，消防队负责人进来问一些问题。看起来火不太严重，消防人员已经把它扑灭。当他们走了，我妻子跟着老太太上去帮老太太收拾残局。
　　她回来后说：“现在总算好了，除了热水器外没有别的损坏。但是我们的宝宝在这所有的噪音里睡觉不太走运吧？”
　　她拿起茶杯走进厨房，我听到了她的尖叫声和茶杯的摔碎声。宝宝最后还是醒了，它开始哭了起来。
56.The man finally went into the room after _______.
〖A〗 he had broken the door down
〖B〗 he rang the fire brigade
〖C〗 the old lady opened the door
〖D〗 the fire brigade had arrived

答案：〖C〗
释疑：故事中的"我"是在老太太开了门之后才进到屋里去的。

57.When the man ran back to the lady's flat _______.
〖A〗 there was another explosion
〖B〗 the fire brigade had already been there
〖C〗 the firemen were standing in the doorway
〖D〗 smoke was coming out of the kitchen

答案：〖D〗
释疑："我"回到老太太屋里后发现了烟，Smoke was pouring out of the kitchen。

58.The old lady was embarrassed because _______.
〖A〗 she didn't open the door promptly
〖B〗 she was taking a bath
〖C〗 she set the fire
〖D〗 she woke up other people

答案：〖A〗
释疑：故事中讲'Why didn't you open the door？'I asked her. 'I was getting dressed when you knocked,' she said, looking embarrassed。着火本来是应该着急的事情，但老太太迟迟不开门。当然，当邻居问起为什么老不开门，她感到很窘迫。

59.Water was dripping from the ceiling because _______.
〖A〗 the pipes upstairs were broken
〖B〗 the old lady forgot to turn off the taps
〖C〗 the firemen had poured a lot of water to put out the fire
〖D〗 there was another explosion upstairs

答案：〖C〗
释疑：刚刚救了火，当然到处是水。

60.The best title for the text would be _______.
〖A〗A Fast Sleeping Baby
〖B〗A Careless lady
〖A〗 An Evening Fire
〖B〗 Fire, Fire

答案：〖C〗
释疑：答案〖D〗不合适。Fire给人一种"着火了，着火了"的感觉。