人教版新目标八年级英语下册期末复习提纲.doc

_八年级英语下册期末复习提纲（units1-10）Unit 1Useful Expressions1. make predictions 做预测 2. free time 空闲时间3. flyto 乘坐飞往 4. on a space station 在太空站上5. I disagree. 我不同意. 6. fall/be in love with sb. 与sb.相爱7. keep pets 养宠物 8. be able to 能够9. predict the future 预测未来 10. come true 实现11. see sb. do sth. 看见sb.做某事（的全过程）doing sth. 看见sb.正在做某事（片断）12. help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 13. hundreds of 数以百计的14. try to do sth. 尽力做某事 15. look like 看上去长的像16. look for 寻找17. 一段时间 + from now （从现在起）之后from now on = in the future 今后Key Points1. Do you think ?I think (that).I dont think (that).2. study at home on computer辨析：on，in和with. on：表示使用通讯工具、信息或传媒，乘坐交通工具等； in：使用语言文字等媒介； with：借助具体的手段或工具。 Eg. I dont want to talk about it on the phone. Can you speak it in English? Dont write it with a red pen.3. Will people use money in 100 years?“in+时间”结构常与一般将来时连用，对其进行提问时用特殊疑问词how soon.4. before ago 与过去时连用Grammar Focus1. The Simple Future tense 一般将来时的三种基本结构： will +V. be going to +V. be + Ving 一般将来时的时间状语：in + 时间，in the future，next + 时间，与tomorrow 相关的时间，this + 时间，from now on，right now，some day2.形容词、副词的比较级用法Unit 2UE1. argue with sb. 与某人争吵 about/over sth. 为某事争吵2. out of style/danger 过时/脱离险境in style/danger 时尚/处于危险之中3. call up sb. （代词放中间）给某人打电话 4. keep out 不让进入5. Whats wrong? 怎么啦？ 6. be surprised at 对感到吃惊7. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人那里借入某物8. need to do sth. （某人）需要做某事 doing sth. （某物）需要做某事9. pay for sth. 为某物付（钱） 10. the same + n. + as 与一样的n.11.get on well with sb.与某人相处融洽12.have a fight with sb.与某人争吵 13. take part in 加入 14. plan sth. for sb. 为某人计划某事15. as much as possible 尽可能多的KP1. Sb. pay for sth. 某人为某物花了钱。 Sth. cost sb. 某物花了某人钱。Sb. spend on sth. 某人花了（时间、金钱）在某事上。 (in) doing sth. 某人花了（时间、金钱）做某事。 It takes/took sb. to do sth. 花了某人（时间、金钱）做某事。2. not until 直到才 （主句动词是短暂性动词） until 一直到 （主句中使用延续性动词）3. leave 情态动词1. 情态动词没有人称和数的变化；2. 情态动词不能直接做谓语，必须和一个动词原形同时使用；3. 大多数情态动词没有时态的变化；4. 情态动词加上be，通常表示猜测的语气。Unit3UE1. in front of - behide 在的前面 - 在的后面in the front of - at the back of 在的前部 - 在的后部（包含在内）2. take off 起飞 3. get out of 离开4. You are kidding. 胡说八道5. follow sb. to do sth. 跟着某人做某事 6. get into 进入7. shout at 训斥、责备 shout to 向喊叫8. What happen？ 发生什么事了？ happen = take place 发生9. in silence 沉默地 10. in space 在太空中11. at the doctors 在诊所12. jump down from 从跳下13. climb up the tree 爬上树KP “as + 形容词/副词的原级+as”表示“和一样” 否定形式：“not as/so + 形容词/副词的原级+as” 表示“和不一样”新课标第一网GF1. The Past Progressive Tense 过去进行时用法：表示在过去某一时刻或某段时间内正在进行的动作。谓语结构：be ( was, were )+ Ving时间状语：at that time/moment at + 点钟 + yesterday/last night from +点钟 + to +点钟 + yesterday this time yesterday just then when he came in, .（when引导的时间状语从句是过去时，并且动词是短暂性动词时，主句使用过去进行时）2. when & whilewhen与while都是从属连词，都有“当时”的意思。when 可与一个点的时间或表示一段的时间连用，从句动词可以是短暂性或延续性动词；while 只指一段时间，不能指一点时间。因此while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。Unit 4UE1. have a surprise party 举办一个惊喜派对2. be mad at/with sb. for sth. 因为某事对某人发火be mad about/on sth./sb. 对某事/某人很着迷3. not anymore = not any more = no more 不再 4. first of all 首先5. pass ( on ) sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人 pass on （代词放中间）6. work on 从事 7. be supposed to = should 应该8. be good/better/best at 擅长于do well/better/best in9. report card 成绩单 10. the disappointing result 令人失望的结果11. this semester 本学期12. Hows it going? 你好吗？How goes it?How are things going?13. be in good/poor/bad/ill health 健康状况好/不好/糟糕/病着14. end of year exams 期末考15. get/be nervous of sth./doing sth. 对某事/做某事感到紧张16. have a hard time with sth. 在某事上/做某事处境困难 doing sth.17. Its just that 这只是由于18. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事 doing sth. 忘记做过某事19. get over 克服 20. for now 至今为止 21. open up 打开22. care for 照顾KP1. true 符合客观事实的（人和事）really 真实存在的（人和事）2. be sure that 确信3. I dont think (that) 我不认为（否定前置）GF1. The object clause宾语从句 引导词：that 引导陈述句，在句中可省略； if，whether 引导一般疑问句，可相互替换（从句中出现or not时只能使用whether）； wh-，h- 引导特殊疑问句。 主句从句一般现在时各种时态一般过去时相应的过去时态 时态： 注意：从句讲述的是客观真理时，不根据主句改变时态。 语序：引导词后加陈述句语序 “主句 + 引导词 + 从句主语 + 从句谓语 + 其他”2. Direct Speech and Reported Speech直接引语变为间接引语时参照宾语从句的变法，把双引号内的句子变为宾语从句即可。以下是另需变化的两点 人称和所有格：“ 一主，二宾，三不变 ” 状语与动词Unit 5UE （Useful Expression）1. have a great time 过得很愉快 2. wear jeans 穿牛仔裤3. let sb. in/out/by 让某人进来/出去/过去 4. be late for 迟到5. be sorry (that) 感到遗憾 6. organize sth. for 为组织某事7. half (of) the class 半班8. take away 把拿走、没收bring sth. to 把某物带来take sth. from 从把某物带走9. Why not? 为什么不呢？10. clean up 收拾干净11. make a lot of money 挣许多钱12. be famous for 因而出名 be famous as 因作为而出名13. join = take part in 参加14. a professional athlete 职业运动员15. getinjured 受伤16. a great chance 一次好机会17. all the time 一直18. around the world = all over the world 全世界19. make a living (by) doing sth. 做某事谋生20. complain about sth. 抱怨某事21. decide to do sth. 决定去做某事22. in order to do sth. 以便、为了that + 目的状语从句 = so that in order 整齐、有条理、正常23. talk on the phone 讲电话1. too much + 不可数名词 too many + 可数名词 much too + 形容词2. against 反对、与相反、与对抗argue against 抵制1. The Conditional Adverbial Clause条件状语从句由if或unless引导，表示如果有从句中的动作发生，就会有主句的动作发生。在条件状语从句中，主句是将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词的句子时，从句要使用一般现在时表达将来的意思（即：主将从现）。if：如果unless：除非 = if not，.Eg. We will have a meeting tomorrow if Mr. Gao doesnt leave for Shanghai. = We will have a meeting tomorrow unless Mr. Gao leaves for Shanghai.2. ImperativeUnit 6Useful Expression1. how long 多长时间了？2. start class/skating/to skate 开始上课/滑冰= begin class/skating/to skate3. a skating marathon 一场滑冰马拉松4. would like = d like 愿意、想要5. run out of 跑完6. by the way 顺便问一下 7. more than = over 超过8. ever since 自从 9. raise money for charity 筹集善款 10. a pair of 一双11. five and a half years 五年半12. the whole five hours 整整五个小时13. in Russian style 以俄罗斯的风格Key sentences1. Every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.每位学生每溜冰一个小时就能为慈善事业筹到10元钱。every 和each 都表示“每一个”，但every是指整体，each是指每个个体。2. Next is Sam. 紧接着的是Sam。3. Because weve run out of room to store them. 因为我们已经没地方存放他们了。4. By the way, whats your hobby? 顺便问一下，你有什么爱好？5. I am interested in the job as a writer. 我对这份作家的工作感兴趣。6. In fact, the first Jews probably came to Kaifeng more than a thousand years ago.事实上，首批犹太人可能是在一千多年前来到开封的。7. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China. 我对中国历史了解的越多，我就越喜欢在中国生活。8. Although I live quite far from Beijing, . 虽然我住得离北京很远。Grammar 1. 现在完成进行时(1) 结构：have/has + been + V.ing.(2) 用法：表示从过去某一时刻开始，一直延续到现在且很有可能持续下去； Ive been doing the cleaning all this morning. 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在的某一动作刚刚结束； Youre late again! Ive been waiting here for an hour. 表示一个一直到说话时为止的一段时间内一再重复的动作。 I have been calling you several times in two days. (3) 时间状语：all the time/this morning, since morning, all night, this week/month, recently 等(3) 对现在完成进行时的时间状语进行提问时使用how long。How long have you been skating?Ive been skating since I was seven years old. for 5 years old.2. 现在完成进行时与现在完成时区别：现在完成进行时侧重于动作的持续、运行；而现在完成时强调动作的完成。如：I have written a letter to my father.（到现在信已写完）我给我的父亲写了一封信。I have been writing a letter to my father.（一直在写，现在还在写）我一直在给我的父亲写信。再看：I wrote a letter to my father. 我给我的父亲写过一封信。Unit 7Useful Expression1. turn down/up 调小/大（音量）turn on/off 打开/关上（电源开关）2. not at all 一点也不3. right away = in a minute 立刻、马上4. do/wash the dish 洗碗5. get out of 出来6. put on 穿上（动作）wear 穿着（状态）7. feed the dog 喂狗 keep the dog 养狗8. return to 把还给9. help sb. do/with sth. 帮助某人做某事10. make posters 制作海报 11. a terrible haircut 一个糟糕的发型12. have a long telephone conversation 褒电话粥13. wait in line 排队 cut in line 插队14. follow sb. around 跟在某人周围15. get mad = get annoy = get angry 感到恼火16. all the time 一直 17. complain about 抱怨 18. be polite 有礼貌19. try (not) to do sth. 尽力（不去）做某事 20. must be 一定是 21. keep down 保持音量22. seem like 看上去像 23. be allowed 被允许 24. even if/though 尽管、即使25. take care = be careful 小心 26. in public places 在公众场合 in public 公开地，当众地27. put out 熄灭 28. drop litter 乱丢垃圾 29. pick up 捡起、拾起Key sentences1. Would you mind turning down the music? 你介不介意把音乐声关小呢？Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介不介意做（不做）？= Would/Could you please (not) do sth.? 请你做（不做）好吗？2. I wont be long. 我一会就好。3. The pen you bought didnt work. 你买的那把笔坏了。= The pen you bought wasnt broken. = There was something wrong with the pen you bought.= Something was wrong with the pen you bought.4. Here you are. 给你。Heres what they said. 以下是他们所说的。5. I cant stand it. 我无法忍受。I cant stand to see good food to waste. 我无法忍受看着好食物被浪费。6. Could you please not follow me around? 请你不要跟着我四周好吗？7. This happens to me all the time in the school library. 在学校图书馆我一直碰上这种事。9. Would you mind keeping your voice down? 你介不介意把音量放小呢？voice: 名词，指说话和唱歌地嗓音； talk in a loud voice 高声交谈noise: 名词，指人们不愿听到地噪音；sound: 名词，泛指自然界一切可以听到的声音。10. For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed. 例如，乱丢垃圾是不被允许的。be allowed 被允许。 “be + 动词的过去分词”是被动语态Unit 8Useful Expression1. get her a scarf 送她一条围巾2. compare with/to sth. 与相比3. not creative enough 不够有创意4. easy/difficult to take care of 容易/难养活5. these days 目前，现在6. pot-bellied pig 大肚猪7. spend with her 和她呆在一起8. not at all 根本不9. fall asleep 入睡（动作）be asleep 入睡（状态）10. half way = halfway 半道、中途11. different kinds of 不同种类12. pay for 付款13. from across China = from all over China 来自全中国14. as as 与一样not as/soas 与比不如其15. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事16. hear of 听说17. make progress 取得进步18. be able to = can 能够19. have fun with sth. 做有乐趣Key sentences1. Why dont you get her a scarf? 为什么不给她买条围巾呢？get sb. sth. for 为了 给某人买某物= get sth. to sb. for 注意：当sth. 是代词时，不可使用第二种用法。2. Thats not interesting enough. 那不够有趣。enough有两种词性：当它用来修饰形容词、副词时，作为副词，应放在所修饰的词之后，如上句；当它用来修饰名词时,应放在名词之后，如：I dont have enough time to spend with her.3. Whats the best gift (that) Joe has ever received? Joe曾经受到的最好的礼物4. What a lucky guy! 幸运的家伙！5.I think a dog is a good pet for a 6-year-old child. 我认为对于一个六岁的孩子一条狗会是一个好礼物。6. Dogs are too difficult to take care of. 狗很难照料。7. The trendiest kind of pet these days is the pot-bellied pig. 近来最流行的宠物是大腹便便的8. Life with a pig isnt always perfect. 和一只猪在一起生活并不总是完美的。9. Now shes too big to sleep in the house. 现在她太大了不能睡在屋子里。too to ：太以致于不能= so that 主语 cant .e.g. He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go to school. = He isnt old enough to go to school. = He is very young and he cant go to school.注意：tooto是一个简单句，而sothat是一个复合句。并且当复合句中的主句主语和从句主语不同时，在句型中要用for sb.来表述。如：The digital camera is so expensive that we cant buy it.= The digital camera is too expensive for us to buy.= The digital camera isnt cheap enough for us to buy.= The digital camera is very expensive and we cant buy it.10. My shoes were really cheap. They only cost $5. 我的鞋子真的很便宜。只要花5美圆。cost：花费（金钱）主语为物；pay：花费（金钱）主语为人；take：花费（时间、金钱）主语为物；spend ：花费（时间、金钱）主语为人。Grammar1. Why dont you get her a scarf?= Why not get her a scarf? 为什么不给她买条围巾呢？How/What about doing sth.? 做怎么样呢？How/What about + (a/an) + n.? 怎么样呢？2. Would you mind (not) doing sth.? 你介不介意做（不做）？= Would/Could you please (not) do sth.? 请你做（不做）好吗？注意：7、8两个单元学习的几种礼貌的提出建议的方式要重点、综合复习。注意他们的搭配。Unit 9 Useful Expression1. hear of 听说hear from 收到的消息/来信2. take a ride 兜风3. end up 结束4. argue with sb. 与某人争吵5. roller coaster 过山车6. a flight attendant 一个机组乘务员7. in fact 事实上8. all over the world 全世界9. think about 考虑think of 想起；认为10. rather than 宁可；而不是11. neithernor 既不也不12. three quarters of 四分之三13. for example 举个例子14. such as 例如15. on the one hand, on the other hand,. 一方面，另一方面16. be asleep 睡着（状态）fall asleep 睡着（动作）Key sentences1. Have you ever been to a water park? 你曾经去过水上公园吗？No, I havent. 不，我没有。Me neither. = Neither/Nor have I. 我也没有。这是一个否定的省略句。它的结构是“ Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语”。而用在肯定的省略句中时要使用so，它的结构是“So+ be动词/助动词/情态动词”。如：- I paid 20 yuan for this book.- So did I.2. The roller coaster is themed with Disney characters.过山车是以迪斯尼的人物为主题的。3. The boats take different routes, but they all end up in the same place.虽然船的路线不同，但它们都停泊在同一个地方。4. Its just so much fun in Disneyland. 迪斯尼乐园里有如此之多的乐趣。5. It was because I could speak English that I got the job. 只是因为我能说英语，我得到了这份工6. More than three quarters of the population are Chinese. 超过四分之三的人是中国人。7. This is because the island is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go whenever you like. 就因为这个岛是如此接近赤道。所以只要你愿意你任何时候都可以去。Grammar 1. 现在完成时(1) 用法：动作到现在已经完成或刚刚完成;过去发生或已完成的动作对现在造成的结果和影响； 过去开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。(2) 基本结构：have/has + V.过去分词(3) 时间状语：already, yet, just, ever, never, once, twice, so far, ever since, for a long time, for + 一段时间, since + 过去的时间点/过去时的从句，等。(4) 注意事项: A. 现在完成时是现在的时态,重点表达目前的结果和状态; B. 表示动作从过去开始持续到现在用for + 时间段, since +点时间连用。对for与since短语提问用how long。 C. 现在完成时从不与when引起的疑问句联用。 D. have been to：去过 have gone to：去了 have been in：呆在 E. 短暂性动词变为延续性动词： buy - have had borrow - have kept join - have been in / have been a member of become - have been a member make friends - have been friends die - have been dead get to know - have known come/go to do - have done catch a cold - have had a cold begin