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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。感谢您,Unit 2,Lectured by dyl,第1页,Objectives of Teaching,To comprehend the whole text,To lean and master the vocabulary and expressions,To learn to paraphrase the difficult sentences,To understand the structure of the text,To appreciate the style and rhetoric of the passage.,第2页,Hiroshima-the“Liveliest”City in Japan,I.Background Information,II.Introduction to the Passage,III.Text Analysis,IV.Special Difficulties,V.Questions For Discussion,第3页,Pre-reading Questions,1.Can you guess the writers occupation and his nationality?,2.What do you think was the aim of his visit?,第4页,Background information,The following are pictures related to our text,please point out the words or phrases in the text that best describes them.,第5页,Background Information,1)Hiroshima,city on southwestern Honsh Island（本州）,Japan,capital of Hiroshima Prefecture,at the head of Hiroshima Bay.The city was founded in 1594 on six islands in the ta River delta.Hiroshima grew rapidly as a castle town and commercial city,and after 1868 it was developed into a military center.,第6页,A Brief Introduction of Hiroshima(its geographical position and its industry),Hiroshima lies on the delta at the head of Hiroshima Bay,an arm of the inland sea.It is the capital of Hiroshima prefecture(州)and the chief industrial and population center of the Chugoku(太田川河口)region.,By the beginning of World War II,Hiroshima was the,7th largest city in Japan,with a population of 350,000.During the war it was a regional,army headquarter,as well as a,major rail center and producer of war materials,.,第7页,By the beginning of world war II,it was the 7,th,largest city in Japan,with a population of 350,000.The Second Army and Chugoku Regional Army were headquartered in Hiroshima during world war II.The city also had large depots of military supplies,and was a key center for shipping.,第8页,In early July,on his way to Potsdam,Truman had re-examined the decision to use the bomb.In the end,Truman made the decision to drop the atomic bombs on Japan.His stated intention in ordering the bombings was to bring about a quick resolution of the war by inflicting destruction and instilling fear of further destruction in sufficient strength to cause Japan to surrender.,第9页,1)(During World War Two)The U.S.wanted to,limit its own casualties,by forcing Japan to surrender,as quickly as possible.,2)At the Yalta Conference in Feb.1945,the Soviet Union secretly agreed to join the war against Japan within three months of Germanys surrender.The U.S.wanted to force Japan to surrender before the Soviet Union could enter the war to,secure a stronger political position,after the war.,3)The U.S.wanted to,apply the weapon,in war,to measure its effectiveness.,4),Japans stealthy surprise attack,on the U.S.naval base at Pearl Harbor on Dec.7,1941,led to the,action of,revenge,of dropping the A-bomb in Hiroshima.,第10页,The Bombing of Hiroshima,At 8:15 a.m.on August 6,1945,by order of President Truman,the first Atomic bomb,nicknamed Little Boy was exploded over a point near the centre of Hiroshima,destroying almost everything with a radius of 830-1,450 meters.The damage beyond this area was considerable,and over 71,000 people were killed instantly.Many more later died of injuries and the effects of radiation.Casualties numbered nearly 130,000.Survivors are still dying of leukaemia,pernicious anaemia and other diseases induced by radiation.Almost 68%of the buildings were completely destroyed and another 7%severely damaged.,第11页,Atomic Bomb Cloud over Nagasaki,第12页,第13页,After bombing,第14页,After bombing,第15页,the Victim of the Atomic Bombing,第16页,Background Information,The Japanese dedicated post-war Hiroshima to peace.A destroyed area named Peace City has been set aside as a memorial.A peace Park was built.A special hospital built here treats people suffering from exposure to radiation and conducts research into its effects.,第17页,Every August 6 since 1947,thousands participate in interfaith services in the Peace Memorial Park built on the site where the bomb exploded.In 1949 the Japanese dedicated Hiroshima as an international shrine of peace.After the war,the city was largely rebuilt,and commercial activities were resumed.Machinery,automobiles,food processing,and the brewing of sake are the main industries.The surrounding area,although mountainous,has fertile valleys where silk,rice,and wheat are produced.Population(1990)1,085,705.,第18页,An elderly Japanese woman prays behind flames rising from incense for the victims of the World War Two atomic bomb blast over Hiroshima before a cenotaph at the citys Peace Memorial Park at daybreak on August 6,.Reuters,第19页,Japanese fold their hands in prayer in front of a cenotaph for the atomic bomb victims at Peace Memorial Park in Hiroshima,Japan August 6,.Reuters,第20页,Words from Japanese,tempura 日式火锅 sake 酒 sakura 樱花,sushi 寿司 kimono 和服 judo 柔道,tatami 榻榻米 karate 徒手自卫术 kabuki 歌舞伎,kakemono条幅，字画 tsunami 海啸 ikebana 插花,tycoon大亨；大企业家,sumo相扑 Mikado天皇,gobang五子棋,第21页,Hiroshima,Nagasaki 长崎,Tokyo东京 Osaka大阪,Kyoto京都,Yokohama横滨 Sendai仙台 Sapporo札幌 Kobe神户 Okinawa 冲绳,Nagoya名古屋,the Ginza 银座,第22页,Writing Style,Narration:,The telling of a story.,A good narration has a beginning,a middle and an end.,第23页,Writing Style,In a narrative writing,the actions or the incidents,events are generally presented in order of their occurrence,following the natural time sequence of the happenings,It is called to be in Chronological order.,But it can also start in the middle or at some other point in the action and move backward to the earlier happenings.This is called flashback.,第24页,Writing Style,There are three basic components of a narration:,a.Plot:the frame of the writing,which consists of a series of events.There are usu.one or several climaxes,the highest point of the story,with suspensions,conflicts,to arouse the interest of the audience.After the climax is reached,the story quickly moves to a conclusion.,第25页,Writing Style,b.Characters:the leading character is called the hero or protagonist.,c.Background:the time and place of the story,The plot usually dominates narration,however,some narratives focus on character or theme or atmosphere.,第26页,when,many years after the atomic bombing,where,the city of Hiroshima,what,what he saw and heard(originally he wanted to interview the mayor),who,American journalist,第27页,writing skills,the use of rhetorical devices,of dialogues,of formal words,of American English,第28页,formal words,to achieve humor,eg.the spinal column,flexible,AmE:,sidewalk,cab driver,stores,pavement,taxi driver,shops,第29页,Part V Questions for Detailed Analysis,1.What does the title mean?,2.Is Hiroshima the liveliest city in Japan?,3.What do little old Japan,the kimono and the miniskirt symbolize?,4.From P9-P17,a rhetorical device is used.What is it?,Explain the effect it achieved.,第30页,5.Do you notice any difference in tone between the first half of the story(the narrators arrival and the meeting the mayor)and the second(the interview with the patient in the atomic ward)?What does this difference suggest?And why the story is told in such a way?,第31页,Hiroshima-the“Liveliest”City in Japan,The word,“liveliest”,is put in quotation marks to show that this is what the city is said to be and the writer perhaps considers it illogical to use the word“liveliest”to describe a city that had been struck by an atomic bomb.In the eyes of the author,Hiroshima should be the most lifeless city in Japan.,第32页,General Introduction of the unit,What type of writing is the text?,Narrative writing,How many sections is the text divided?,Section 1-Arrival at Hiroshima (para 1-7),Section 2 Dinner with the mayor(para 8-27),Section 3 Interview with the patient(para 28-39),What is the theme,tone,mood,point of view of the text?,-The terrible effect of nuclear weapons upon people and their lives.A protest to nuclear weapons is voiced,-the tone(meaning the way the author feels or thinks about the subject of the story):bitter,upset,sad,ironic),-point of view:first person participant,第33页,Section One Arrival at Hiroshima,A.Discussion Questions,1.What do you know about the author?,(His nationality;occupation;aim of the visit),2.How did the writer feel at the arrival?,3.What have you learned about facts about Hiroshima and people there from this section?,第34页,Thought On arrival:,A lump in my throat,A lot of sad thought,A far greater adventure than reportorial assignment,The scene of the crime,Sense of guiltiness,Expectation by preconceived idea,第35页,Description of routine city:,Girls/ladies in kimonos robbed shoulders,Serious looking Men exchanged the routine greeting,Taxi drivers rushed for their living,Beyond what he had expected,第36页,Taxi drivers attitude to tourists,Ushers warm reception,Sharp contrast and odd combination of modern and tradition(kimono,VS,miniskirt),Twinge embarrassment of meeting mayor in my socks,Strange emotion came back again:sense of guiltiness-standing on the site of the first atomic bombardment,第37页,1.What do you know about the author?,An American,A reporter who had taken many reportorial assignments.,To prove/find out whether Hiroshima is the liveliest city in the world.,第38页,2.How did the writer feel at the arrival?,bitter,sad;guilty,depressed,I had a lump in my throat,I was choked with emotion;I was so overcome with emotion that I could not speak or think clearly.(a feeling of pressure caused by repressed emotion),had a lot of sad thoughts on my mind,I was occupied with some sad thoughts.,The very act of stepping on this soil,in breathing this air,:The fact that I was in Hiroshima was in itself a much more exciting experience for me than any trip I had taken or any reporting work I had done in the past.,Was I not at the scene of the crime?-,the dropping of the A-bomb on Hiroshima (rhetorical question),第39页,3.What have you learned about facts about Hiroshima and people there from this section?,Advanced in technology(rapid development after WWII,the fastest train,magnetic train(517m/hr)Japan and Germany,an obvious conflict between western influences and the traditional customs,they exist side by side,teenagers and womenin,western dress,miniskirt(fashionable groups),little girls and elder ladies,in kimonos(kids and old ones keep the tradition),narrow streets,traditional houses on boats,tall buildings,beige concrete skyscrapers,constant bowing to each other,tourism atmosphere,the cab-drivers behavior,towards travelers,knowing little of the way,avoid losing face,第40页,1.,slip:,to move glidingly,smoothly,secretly or unnoticed,2.lump:,a mass of sth.solid without a special size or shape,a,lump,of lead,sugar,Black coffee,2,lumps,please!,a hard swelling on the body,She was afraid when she felt a,lump,in her left breast.,第41页,to have a lump in ones throat:,to have a tight feeling in the throat because strong emotion,such as sorrow,pity,gratitude,or excitement,etc,.,All during her husbands funeral,she,had a lump in her throat.,Johns mother,had a lump in her throat,at his college graduation.,第42页,3.,on my mind:,troubling ones thoughts,causing anxiety,unhappiness.When you have sth.on your mind,you are completely preoccupied and obsessed.,His failure weighs heavily,on his mind,.,He has got too much,on his mind,to worry about your problem.,第43页,cf:,in ones mind:,think about,think of,I think I know whats,in your mind,.,Her,mother,was always,in her mind,.,第44页,4.the very act of stepping on this soil:,act,and,action:,Action,refers primarily to the process of acting;,act,to the result,the things done.,The rescue of a shipwrecked crew is a heroic,action,while the launching of the lifeboat,a brave,act,.,第45页,5.on this soil:,on this land,on this earth,ground(soil:an emotive word),A person in exile comes back to his motherland,he kneels down to kiss the soil.,第46页,6.pop,e.g.,One of balloons popped.,Champagne corks were popping throughout the celebrations.,(,burst(open)with a short,sharp,slightly explosive sound(onomatopoeia),lurched from side to side,screeched to a halt,I found myself in front of (without purpose,unexpectedly),The usher heaved a long,almost musical sign,is the,very,symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt,the kimono -symbol of the old tradition,the miniskirt symbol of the new development.,第47页,Information provided in the first paragraph,-1)The author was here on a reportorial mission.,-2)Hiroshima was not the authors fist assignment.,-3)He was preoccupied with some sad thoughtsthe crime of the A-bomb.He was tortured by a guilty conscience.,-4)He didnt understand Japanese.,第48页,7.appear,Appear,Look,and Seem,can mean to be as stated in ones view or judgement,but not necessarily in fact.,Seem,suggests an opinion based on subjective impression rather than objective signs.,He,seems,tired.,My other visits to Beijing were twenty years ago.How would it,seem,after such a long time?,第49页,Look,implies that the opinion is based on a general visual impression.,His lips,looked,unnatural.,He,looks,nervous.,Appear,suggests a,distorted impression,His tongue could make the worse,appear,the better reason.,He,appeared,not to have heard what had been said about him.,第50页,8.preoccupy:,to fill ones mind completely so that not enough attention is given to other present matters,When he,is preoccupied with,his hobby,he has no idea of what is going on around him.,I was too,preoccupied,to hear the bell.,He had a,preoccupied look,on his face,as if sth.was troubling him.,第51页,preoccupation:,extreme concern for sth.,Reading is his main preoccupation,It seemed to me that the Japanese did not have the same extreme concern which is bothering me.,I was totally absorbed in the consideration of the crime,but the Japanese did not appear to be so.,第52页,9.rub shoulders with:,to meet and mix with(people),This is not the sort of club where the great,rub shoulders with,the humble.,A person in my position,rubs shoulders with,all kinds of people.,In our class,people of all trades(porter,carpenter,coppersmith,etc.),rubber shoulders with,each other.,第53页,10.oblivious:,be unaware of,not noticing,unconscious of,lacking mindful attention,Their government,is oblivious of,the rights of the poor.,I,am oblivious of,my former failure.,I was so preoccupied with the book that I,was oblivious of,the surroundings.,第54页,11.bob:,to move up and down quickly and repeatedly,The cork on the fishing line,bobbed up and down,on the water.,第55页,12.rite:,a ceremonial act with a fixed pattern,usu.for a religious purpose,form of behaviour with a fixed pattern,I dont know much about the rites of that church.,Secret society has their special,rites,.,ceremonial/burial/marriage,rites,On Sunday we make our,ritual visit,to the the pub at lunchtime.(humorous usage),第56页,13.formula:,an expression which is often used in a particular situation,esp.one that has come to sound stupid and meaningless,They exchanged the set of conventionally fixed pattern of daily greetings.,第57页,whose door popped op
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