G.6甲板起货机构造.doc

甲板起货机构造（Construction of Cargo Crane on Deck） 吊杆和起重机是一般货船上最普遍使用的货物装卸设备，又称为起货设备。吊杆分轻型吊杆和重型吊杆，一般将起重量大于10 t的吊杆称为重吊。重型吊杆与轻型吊杆不同处在于吊杆的头部和根部结构。起重机按动力源不同分为电动式和液压式两种。6.1轻型吊杆(a)单桅吊杆装置 (b)门型桅吊杆装置图6.1.1吊杆装置形式图6.1.1吊杆装置形式derrick rig type(a)单桅吊杆装置single-masted derrick rig (b)门形桅吊杆装置goalpost-typed derrick device千斤索（也称为吊杆顶索）topping lift摆动稳索slewing guy牵索（稳索）guy吊货索cargo fall, cargo rope吊货钩cargo hook，绞车winch舱口围板hatch coaming上甲板upper deck舱口hatch，hatchway(10)舷墙bulwark(11)吊杆boom, derrick boom(12)侧柱side post(13)带叉架的桅柱derrick post with forked bracket(14)强力牵索和牵索滑车组 span guy and guy tackle (15)门型桅柱 goalpost(a) 轻型吊杆装置布置（b）吊杆的牵索 (c) 吊杆的滑车和吊索图6.1.2轻型吊杆装置构造图6.1.2轻型吊杆装置构造construction of light derrick rig吊货杆桅derrick mast吊杆boom derrick boom舱口吊杆hatch boom舷外吊杆outboard boom吊杆台derrick stool吊杆承座derrick socket, gooseneck bracket千斤座topping bracket护索环cargo runner guide吊货索cargo fall, cargo rope, cargo runner(10)吊货滑车cargo block, load sheave(11)上吊货滑车derrick head purchase block(12)下吊货滑车lower cargo purchase block(13)吊杆座滑车derrick heel block(14)千斤索topping lift(15)千斤滑车topping lift block, span block(16)上千斤滑车head span block(17)下千斤滑车lower span block(18)千斤索绞车topping lift winch(19)摆动稳索slewing guy(20)保险稳索preventive guy(21)吊杆间牵索midship guy(22)保险稳索链preventive guy chain(23)吊货钩cargo hook(24)吊货短链short cargo chain(25)三角眼板triangular eye plate(26)吊货网兜cargo net, net sling(27)起货机cargo winch(28)稳索滑车guy block(29)有节定位索 pitched guyline(30)有节定位索夹头 pitched guyline clip (31)舱口围板 hatch coaming (32)起货机平台 winch platform- -图6.1.3 a轻型吊杆头部装置 图6.1.3 b轻型吊杆根部装置图6.1.3 a轻型吊杆头部装置light derrick head图6.1.3 b轻型吊杆根部装置light derrick heel吊杆箍derrick band吊货眼板cargo purchase eyeplate稳索眼板guy eyeplate吊杆叉头derrick heel叉头横销derrick heel cross pin转轴spindle转轴座spindle seat吊杆座滑车眼板block eyeplate of gooseneck bracket吊杆承座gooseneck bracket-图6.1.3 c轻型吊杆的千斤座图6.1.3 c轻型吊杆的千斤座light derrick topping bracket千斤索眼板topping lift (line) eyeplate座架bench销轴pintle桅肩hound piece(1)普通吊钩 (2)山字吊钩图6.1.3 d轻型吊杆的吊钩装里图6.1.3 d轻型吊杆的吊钩装里light derrick hook gear吊货钩lifting hook, crampon吊钩卸扣cargo shackle吊钩转环cargo hook swivel吊货短链cargo chain平衡锤balance weight, back balance吊货索cargo fall山字钩double hook吊钩梁connecting traverse下吊货滑车lower cargo purchase block(10)滑车钢丝绳wire rope fall 图6.1.4滑车的结构名称 图6.1.5绞车图图6.1.4滑车的结构名称block construction图6.1.5绞车winch挂头hanger车壳block shell轴承bearing制动板brake plate车带block fork轴spindle滑轮sheave车尾block tail拖索用卷筒guy drum操纵箱control trunk主卷筒reeling drum电动机electric motor绞车底座winch base轴承和轴承支架bearing and bearing bracket卷筒凸缘drum flange6.2重型吊杆图6.2.1重型吊杆装置图6.2.1重型吊杆装置heavy derrick rig千斤索topping lift line吊货索cargo fall吊钩装置cargo hook gear吊杆heavy derrick boom稳索guy导向滑车lead block, lead pulley门形柱goalpost操纵台control desk左回转绞车left slewing winch(10)起货机cargo winch(11)千斤索绞车topping lift winch(12)右回转绞车right slewing winch(13)起货机平台cargo winch platform(14)舷外吊杆叉头outrigger（1）吊杆头部 （2）吊杆根部 图6.2.2重型吊杆的头根部装置 图6.2.2重型吊杆的头根部装置heavy derrick head and heel gear嵌入式滑车inset-typed sheave桅柱heavy lower mast吊杆heavy boom垂直转轴vertical spindle吊杆座derrick socket上甲板upper deck图6.2.3 V型重吊结构图6.2.3 V型重吊结构V-type heavy derrick rig起重柱heavy derrick post重型吊杆heavy derrick boom滑车钢丝绳wire rope fall千斤索滑车组topping lift tackle重吊起重绞车heavy cargo winch重吊千斤索绞车topping lift winch梯子ladder控制台control desk轻型吊杆light derrick(10)(11)(12)吊货索导向滑车cargo fall leadblock(13)千斤索导向滑车topping lift lead block(14)山字吊货钩double hook(15)吊货滑车组cargo fall tackle6.3起重机图6.3.1电动回转式起重机electric revolving crane吊臂jib arm起货绞车cargo winch定柱column，post变幅绞车luffing winch, span winch机房engine room旋转动力装置power rotating gear小齿轮gear大齿轮gearwheel吊货索cargo fall(10)千斤索滑车组topping lift tackle(11)吊货索导向滑车derrick cargo lead block(12)上支承upper carrier(13)下支承lower bearing(14)吊货钩lifting hook, crampon, sling-dog(15)转环swivel(16)吊货索导向滑车cargo runner lead block(17)千斤索导向滑车topping lift lead block(18)千斤索topping lift(19)上甲板upper deck图6.3.2 a液压回转式起重机图6.3.2 a液压回转式起重机hydraulic revolving-crane吊货索导向滑轮cargo runner lead block吊货索cargo fall通风盖ventilation cover梯子ladder起升液压马达cargo lifting hydraulic motor操纵室cage, control room起升操纵杆cargo lifting operating arm ,cargo lifting control rod 变幅和回转操纵杆luffing and slewing operating arm，luffing and slewing control rod变幅油马达luffing hydraulic motor(10)油冷却器oil cooler(11)吊臂jib arm(12)电动机electric motor(13)油箱oil tank(14)回转油马达slewing hydraulic motor(15)定柱column, post(16)回转底盘slewing disc(17)千斤索topping lift(18)旋转接头cargo shackle(19)吊货钩卸扣hook shackle(20)吊货钩cargo hook, crampon, sling-dog(21)千斤索导向滑轮topping lift line runner lead block图6.3.2b回转机构 图6.3.2 c松索安全保护装置图6.3.2 b回转机构slewing mechanism of crane图6.3.2 c松索安全保护装置safety protective device for veering out刹车液压管brake hydraulic pipe制动液压缸brake hydrocylinder主油管main oil pipe制动曲柄brake crank arm液压马达hydraulic motor制动带brake-band，friction strap小齿轮gear回转突缘rotating lug密封圈seal ring, gasket ring大齿轮圈 gearwheel ring钢索steel cable, wire rope刹车卷筒brake drum滚轮roller支架brake supporting制动带brake-band, friction strap 刹车液压缸brake hydrocylinder图6.3.组合式起重机team cranes克令吊（单回转式起重机）crane吊货钩lifting hook，crampon，sling-dog吊货钢索cargo fall吊钩横梁connecting traverse货舱cargo hold折叠式舱口盖folding hatch cover舱口盖板flat hatch cover回转平台rotating platform起重机平台支柱column