英语常识单词.doc

单词拼写必背
一年十二个月： （开头字母一定要大写）
January February March April May June
July August September October November December
一年四季：
spring summer autumn / fall winter
一个星期七天： （开头字母一定要大写）
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday
学科：
Chinese maths / mathematics English physics chemistry biology
politics history geography P.E. (physical education) art science
music technology
洲名 --- 洲的/洲人
Asia --- Asian Europe --- European Africa --- African America --- American
Oceania --- Oceanian Antarctica
大洋：
the Pacific Ocean the Atlantic Ocean the Indian Ocean the Artic Ocean
国名 --- 。。。国人 / 语言：
China --- Chinese Japan --- Japanese Korea --- Korean
Thailand --- Thai Brazil --- Brazilian Australia --- Australian
Austria --- Austrian USA America --- American
Canada ---Canadian Malaysia --- Malaysian New Zealand --- New Zealander
Greece --- Grecian France --- French Switzerland --- Switzer
Sweden --- Swedish Italy --- Italian Spain --- Spanish
Mexico --- Mexican Egypt --- Egyptian Great Britain --- British
Cambodia --- Cambodian India --- Indian Scotland---Scottish
亲属称呼：
parent mother father husband wife daughter son
niece nephew cousin aunt uncle grandfather
职业：
engineer professor assistant musician politician artist chemist scientist tourist typist volunteer specialist
容易写错的数字：
Eighth ninth forty fortieth fourth twelfth
以下动词如加-ed或-ing要双写最后一个字母：
1. regret --- regretted --- regretting
2. control --- controlled --- controlling
3. admit --- admitted --- admitting
4. occur --- occurred --- occurring
5. prefer --- preferred --- preferring
6. refer --- referred --- referring
7. forget --- forgot --- forgotten --- forgetting
8. permit --- permitted --- permitting
9. equip --- equipped --- equipping
注意：quarrel, signal, travel中的l可双写（英国英语），也可不双写（美国英语）。
部分过去式和过去分词不规则变化的动词：
1. broadcast --- broadcast --- broadcast
2. fall---fell---fallen
3. feel—felt---felt
4. flee --- fled --- fled
5. forbid --- forbade --- forbidden
6. forgive --- forgave --- forgiven
7. freeze --- froze --- frozen
8. hang --- hung --- hung
9. lie --- lay --- lain
10. seek --- sought --- sought
11. shake --- shook --- shaken
12. sing --- sang --- sung
13. sink --- sank --- sunk/sunken
14. spread --- spread --- spread
15. swim --- swam --- swum
16. tear --- tore --- torn
17. weave --- wove --- woven
18. picnic --- picnicked --- picnicking
(以ic结尾的动词，应先把ic变为ick，再加ing或ed)
19. hold—held ---held
20. drive—drove—driven
21. overcome-overcame-overcome
注意形容词变名词时的拼写变化：
1. long --- length
2. wide --- width
3. high --- height
4. strong --- strength
注意动词变名词时的拼写变化：
1. succeed --- success
2. pronounce --- pronunciation
3. explain --- explanation
4. decide --- decision
5. enter --- entrance
6. permit --- permission
7. refuse --- refusal
8. arrive----arrival
9. consider --- consideration
10. discover --- discovery
11. bury --- burial
12. conclude --- conclusion
13. arrive --- arrival
14. weigh --- weight

5