宾语从句练习题.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,The Objective clause,宾语从句,How much do you know about it?,1,第一、什么叫宾语从句？,主句,连接词,从句,He asked me where I had put his book.,连接词,从句,主句,e.g.,I think,you should study hard.,构成：主句,+,连接词,+,从句,定义,：,在句子中用作,宾语,(,在谓语动词之后,),的从,句叫,宾语 从句,。,(,that,),2,第二、宾语从句三要素：,连 接 词,时 态,语 序,3,（一）、宾语从句语序,他叫什么名字？,他怎么去上学？,Whats his name?,How does he go to school?,I am not sure _,_,what,his name is,.,how,he goes,to school.,从句用,陈述句,语序,(,主语,+,谓语,),4,（二）、宾语从句的连接词,1.,当从句为陈述句时，连接词用,that,。,that,在句中,无意义,在口语中可省略,.,e.g.The earth goes around the sun.I know,He will be back in an hour.I think,看从句的的类型,I know,that,the earth goes around the sun.,I think,that,he will be back in an hour.,5,2.,当从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用,if,或,whether,。,e.g.,Is Alice 15 years old?I wonder,看从句的的类型,I wonder,if/whether,Alice is 15 years old.,More practice:,I want to know:,他明天是否回来。,你是否喜欢可乐。,（二）、宾语从句的连接词,6,3.,当从句为特特殊疑问句时，连接词用,特殊疑问词,。,e.g.How old is Alice?I want to know,How often do you go to the library?,看从句的的类型,I want to know,how old,Alice is.,Could you tell me _.,（二）、宾语从句的连接词,7,从句句式,连接词,陈述句,that(,无词汇意义,),一般疑问句,if,whether(,是否,),特殊疑问,特殊疑问词,祈使句,肯定句,否定句,ask/tell+sb.+to+v.,ask/tell/+sb.+not to+v.,总结：如何确定连接词,(,根据从句句式,),8,宾语从句是祈使句时：,The teacher said,“Keep silent.”,The teacher()the students()()silent.,Mum said,“Dont play football on the street,boys.”,Mum told them _ _on the street.,9,（三）、宾语从句的时态,你昨天什么时候起床的？,你每天几点到校？,你明天几点出发？,When did you get up yesterday?,When do you get to school every day?,When will you start tomorrow?,I wonder,I wonder,when you,got,up yesterday.,I wonder,when you,get,to school every day.,I wonder,when you,will start,tomorrow.,主现从不限,I wonder,他是否去过北京。,if he,has been to,Beijing.,10,What is your favourite activity?,What is he doing?,My father will go to Beijing next week.,He has finished his homework.,I know,I,knew,what your favourite activity,was,.,what he,was doing,.,主过从四过,my father,would go,to Beijing next week.,he,had finished,his homework.,（三）、宾语从句的时态,11,The earth is bigger than the moon.,My mother told me(,合并句子,),My mother,told me,_,that the earth,is,bigger than the moon.,注意,:,当从句叙述的内容为,客观真理,时，仍然用,一般现在时,。,e.g.,Our teacher,said,the moon,moves,around the sun.,12,主句时态,从句时态,连接前,连接后,现在时,(,一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时,),一般将来时,Could you,Would you please.,保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,当从句叙述的内容为,客观真理,时，仍然用,一般现在时,。,e.g.,The teacher,said,that the moon,moves,around the sun.,注,:,总结：如何确定从句的时态,(,根据主句时态,),13,“,Where is the nearest bank?”Could you tell me?,Could you tell me,where,_.,2.“I have given up smoking,”said my brother.,My brother said,that,he,_.,3.“Are you going to learn swim?”asked Tom.,Tom asked me,if/whether,I,_.,4.“What will we do next?”we havent decided.,We havent decided,what,we,_.,5.“What did you say?”I didnt hear.,I didnt hear,what,you,_.,the nearest bank is,had given up smoking,was going to learn to swim,will do next,had said,Exercise:,疑问句中，,could,，,would,表婉转的语气，不表示过去时。,14,将下列句子合并为一,:,1.Where do they stop on the way?I asked.,I asked,_,on the way.,2.What will you speak at the meeting?Could you tell me?,Could you tell me _at the meeting?,3.Do they like to play football?Tom asked.,Tom asked_ to play football.,4.,“,I am doing my homework.,”,He said.,He said _his homework.,5.,“,I will come back.,”,Tom said.,Tom said_ back.,6.She asked me:,“,What,s wrong with you?,”,She asked me_with me.,where they stopped,what you will speak,if/whether they liked,(that)he was doing,(that)he would come,what was wrong,注,:,whats wrong with sb.,及,whats the matter with sb.,语序不变,.,15,7.,“,Don,t play in the streets,”,the teacher said to the boy.,8.,“,When and where will the concert be held?,”,I wondered.,9.,“,Why is the train late?,”,Would you tell me?,10.,“,Will they go to Beijing?,”,They haven,t decided.,11.,“,When should we start?,”,Do you know?,The teacher,told the boy not to play,in the streets.,I wondered,when and where the concert would be held,.,Would you tell me,why the train is,late?,Do you know,when we should start,?,Do you know,when to start,?,疑问词,+,主语,+,谓语,疑问词,+to+v,.(,不定式,),作为宾语,成为简单句,.,They havent decided,if/whether they will go,to Beijing.,16,He hasnt decided which seat he should take.,He hasnt decided_.,2.I really dont know where I can find my lost key.,3.Can the computer tell us what we should do next?,4.Can you tell me when to start?,Can you tell me _?,5.I cant decide which one to choose.,which seat to take,I really dont know,where to find,my lost key.,Can the computer tell us,what to do,next?,when we will start,I cant decide,which one I should choose,.,宾语从句,疑问词,+to do,17,确定连接词,(,根据从句的句式,),2.,确定从句语序,(,把从句变成陈述句,即,主谓,顺序,),3.,确定从句的时态,(,根据主句时态,),（四）总结：如何改写宾语从句,18,第三、宾语从句特殊情况,（一）连词that不能省略的几种情况,;,1.,从句的主语是,that,。如：,He says that that is a real kings hat.,2.that,从句中含有主从复合句。如：,Im afraid that if youve lost it,you must pay for it.,3.,主、从句之间有插入语时。如：,It says here,on this card,that it was used in plays.,卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。,4.,若出现两个或两上以上的由,that,引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词,that,可以省略。如：,She said(that)she would come and that she would also bring her son.,19,（二）、,If,和,whether,用法区别,注：,if,和,whether,引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但,if,常用于口语中，,whether,比较正式。,但二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：,1.,宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用,whether,，不用,if,。如：,Whether this is true or not,I cant say.,这是否对，我不能说。,2.,宾语从句与,or not,直接连用时，应用,whether,，不能用,if,。如：,I dont know whether or not he will come tomorrow.,20,3.,与动词不定式连用时，只能用,whether,。如：,She cant decide whether to go to America.,4.,从句作介词宾语时，只能用,whether,。如：,I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.,21,5.,宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用,if,，不能用,whether,。如：,Tom wants to know if he wont come here tomorrow.,6.if,意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而,whether,没有这个用法。如：,If Simon comes here tomorrow,Ill call you.,22,第四、宾语从句的,否定转移,：,如果主句的谓语动词是,think,believe,guess,suppose,等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的动词，而从句用肯定形式,即：,主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译在从句。,此外，这类宾语从句的反意疑问句也比较特殊，请同学们自己总结。,23,Translate the following sentences.,1.,我认为不会下雨,I _ that it _.,2.,我认为你的答案不对,.,I _your answer,right.,.,我们相信他还没走,.,We _ that he _.,24,第五、宾语从句转化为简单句,1.,由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句，若主句和从句主语一致可以转化成“特殊疑问句,+to do”.,如,(,请总结常见这一句型中的动词,),I dont know how I can learn English well.,_,He wonder when he should attend the meeting.,_,25,2.,当主句谓语动词是,hope,decide,wish,choose,agree,等词时，宾语从句主从句主语一致，宾语从句可简化为,V.+to do,的结构。如：,Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.Li Ming,hopes to be,back very soon.,We decided that we would help him._,3.,当主句的谓语动词是,tell,order,（命令）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为,v.+sb.to do,的结构。例如：,The headmaster ordered that we should start at once.The headmaster ordered us,to start at once.,My mother told me that I couldnt go out._,26,4.,动词,see,hear,find,等词后面的宾语从句可转化为“,v+sb.doing,的结构。例如：,Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.Liu Ping found a,wallet lying on the ground.,I heard that a bird was singing in the tree._,5.,动词,seem,后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化,.,It seems that he is unhappy.He seems to be unhappy.,It seemed that the boys were going to win.The boys seemed to win.,27,6.,动词,find,后的宾语从句，也可以转化为简单句,I found that it was difficult to learn English well._,They found that the box was very heavy._,28,