高三英语汶川地震阅读专集.doc

高三英语汶川地震阅读专集

China to launch three-day mourning period
BEICHUAN, China - China will spend three days marking the moment when tens of thousands died in a devastating earthquake, while hope of finding more trapped survivors dwindled Sunday and preventing hunger and disease became more pressing.
The government announced an official mourning period starting Monday and asked China's 1.3 billion people to observe three minutes of silence starting at 2:28 p.m. — exactly one week after the quake killed an estimated 50,000.
The Olympic torch relay — a potent symbol of national pride in the countdown to August's much anticipated Beijing games — also will be suspended during the mourning period, the organizing committee said.
As the second week of China's worst disaster in a generation approached, the search for anyone left alive in the rubble turned glum despite remarkable survival tales among thousands who were buried.
"It will soon be too late" to find trapped survivors, said Koji Fujiya, deputy leader of a Japanese rescue team working in Beichuan, a town reduced to rubble. His team pulled 10 bodies out of Beichuan's high school Sunday.
The steady run of rescue news flashed by the official Xinhua News Agency has slowed. Just three rescues were reported Sunday, including a woman in Yingxiu town who was reached by soldiers who dug a 15-foot tunnel through the wreckage of a flattened power station and had to amputate both her legs to set free, after 150 hours.
"She was in a delirious state" and told rescuers to leave her alone, thinking she was already in a hospital, Xinhua quoted rescuer Ma Gang as saying. "We fed her milk and water, and her family was there to reassure her."
Dozens of aftershocks have rumbled through the region, extending the damage and fear of survivors. A magnitude 6 temblor on Sunday killed three people, injured more than 1,000 and caused further damage to houses and roads, Xinhua reported.
With more bodies discovered, the confirmed death toll rose to 32,476, the State Council, China's cabinet, reported. The injured numbered more than 220,000.

Expert: Wenchuan earthquake as huge as Tangshan earthquake in 1976
    BEIJING, May 13 -- The strength of this earthquake is being compared to the destructive force of the Tangshan earthquake in 1976 which killed tens of thousands. Seismologists are urging calm and telling the public not to believe rumors about more earthquakes.
    Jiang Haikun says the energy from the Wenchuan earthquake was as huge as the Tangshan earthquake in 1976, which killed 240,000 people.
    Jiang Haikun, China Seismological Network Center, said, "The strength of the earthquake is big and it has released a huge amount of energy so that many parts of the country felt the quake."
    He emphasized that Beijing did not experience a separate earthquake.
    Jiang Haiku said, "The quake we felt in Beijing today was not a separate earthquake. It was just the aftershocks from the Wenchuan earthquake in the afternoon."
    Jiang Haikun also says his center's research shows China and its neighbors are currently in a relatively-active period for earthquakes.
    Jiang Haiku said, "For example, a 7.3 magnitude earthquake occurred in Japan recently. On the Chinese mainland, a 6.9 magnitude quake took place in Tibet in January, while March saw a 7.3 magnitude quake in Yutian in Xinjiang and now we have a 7.8 magnitude quake in Wenchuan. So at the moment there is a trend of earthquakes in China's mainland and its neighboring countries."
    He also urged residents not to trust rumors they heard. He stressed no destructive earthquake near Beijing is likely to occur in the near future.

When suffering from earthquake, tips for preparing children
[ 2008-05-15 15:02 ]
Children need to be prepared for an earthquake as much as adults, if not more.
Infants and Toddlers
For infants and toddlers, special emphasis should be placed on making their environment as safe as possible.
Cribs should be placed away from windows and tall, unsecured bookcases and shelves that could slide or topple.
A minimum of a 72-hour supply of extra water, formula, bottles, food, juices, clothing, disposable diapers, baby wipes and prescribed medications should be stored where it is most likely to be accessible after an earthquake. Also keep an extra diaper bag with these items in your car.
Store strollers, wagons, blankets and cribs with appropriate wheels to evacuate infants, if necessary.
Install bumper pads in cribs or bassinettes to protect babies during the shaking.
Install latches on all cupboards (not just those young children can reach) so that nothing can fall on your baby during a quake.
Preschool and School-age Children
By age three or so, children can understand what an earthquake is and how to get ready for one. Take the time to explain what causes earthquakes in terms they'll understand. Include your children in family discussions and planning for earthquake safety. Conduct drills and review safety procedures every six months.
Show children the safest places to be in each room when an earthquake hits. Also show them all possible exits from each room.
Use sturdy tables to teach children to Duck, Cover & Hold.
Teach children what to do wherever they are during an earthquake (at school, in a tall building, outdoors). Make sure children's emergency cards at school are up-to-date.
Although children should not turn off any utility valves, it's important that they know what gas smells like. Advise children to tell an adult if they smell gas after an earthquake.

Sacrificing his son to save others
"My son has always considered me a hero," policeman Li Guolin told Wuhan Evening News yesterday.
"I am rather proud of that."
True to his son's expectations, Li has become a savior for students, teachers and quake victims at Beichuan Middle School.
Li's 15-year-old son was trapped together with other schoolmates beneath the rubble of the collapsed school after Monday's quake, but the cop decided that those in greater danger than his child needed to be rescued first.
"I asked the rescuers to start from the ones who were easier to recover than my son," the 43-year-old Li said, holding back his tears.
His call saved many lives, but his own son did not survive.
Beichuan county is one of the hardest-hit areas in the deadly quake that struck Sichuan province.
Li said he was in a work conference in his office on the fourth floor when the quake struck on Monday.
Together with seven others in the meeting, Li started leaving the building.
But it collapsed before they could get out, burying the group under twisted steel and slabs of concrete.
Drawing on his survival training he learned when he was a soldier, Li managed to protect his head and hid in the corner of a toilet.
He suffered injuries on his head, hands and ears. He started looking for people and found only three colleagues alive, heavily injured.
Their three-story office building was destroyed.
It suddenly occurred to Li then that his son, Liwang Ziguo, was still at school.
When he finally made it to his son's school, he first saw students crying at the playground.
The five-story building was reduced to three-stories. The first and second levels had caved in.
"Liwang Ziguo! Where are you?" the policeman cried out.
"Dad! I am here, come and get me!" the boy answered.
Li managed to find out his son's position among the debris.
But without rescue equipment, Li and other rescuers could only dig at the rubble with their bare hands.
Li's son lay more than 10 m beneath the rubble, his left leg pinned by several concrete slabs.
At that point, there was still hope of saving the boy's life if Li started digging him out.
But other quake survivors lay under the debris and were easier to reach.
Liwang Ziguo's cries for help faded as noon approached on Tuesday.
The boy had stopped breathing when he was finally dug out early Wednesday morning.
His heroic father had rescued more than 30 people.

Earthquake
How does an earthquake start?
What makes an earthquake happen? The rock of the earth's crust (地壳) may have a fault', a kind of break in the surface. The blocks which make up the earth move, and sometimes this may cause the sides of the fault to move up and down or lengthways (纵向地) against each other. When one piece of rock starts to rub on another with great force, a lot of energy is used. This energy is changed into vibrations (振动) and it is these vibrations that we reef as an earthquake. The vibrations can travel thousands of kilometers and so an earthquake in Turkey may be felt in Greece.
What to do during an earthquake?
 At school
As soon as the earthquake starts, students should get under the desks immediately and wait until the teacher tells them it is safe to come out. The teacher should, at the same time, go immediately to the teacher's desk, get underneath (在……下面) it and stay there till the danger is over. Students must not argue with the teacher or question instructions.
 As soon as the tremors (震动) stop, all students should walk towards the exit and go straight to the school playground or any open space such as a square or a park. They must wait there until the teacher tells them it is safe to go.
At home
If you are at home when the earthquake occurs, get immediately under the table in the living room or kitchen. Choose the biggest and strongest table you can find. You must not go anywhere near the window and don't go out onto the balcony (阳台). Once the tremors have stopped, you can come out from under the table but you must leave the building straight away. You should walk down the stairs and should not use the lift - there may be a power cut as a result of the earthquake and you could find yourself trapped inside the lift for hours.
In the street
If you are in the street when the earthquake takes place, do not stand near buildings, fences or walls -- move away as quickly as possible arid try to find a large open space to wait in. Standing under trees could also be dangerous.
1. People knew long ago how an earthquake starts
A Right         B Wrong         C Not mentioned
2. Thousands of people were killed during an earthquake in Turkey.
A Right         B Wrong         C Not mentioned
 3. As soon as an earthquake occurs, students should leave the building
A Right         B Wrong         C Not mentioned
4. Students should go to the school playground or an open space once the tremors stop.
A Right         B Wrong         C Not mentioned
5. If you are at home when an earthquake occurs, stand near a big table
A Right         B Wrong         C Not mentioned
6. The best way to leave the building during an earthquake is to get into a lift
A Right         B Wrong         C Not mentioned
7. If you are in the street when an earthquake occurs, stay in a large open space
A Right         B Wrong         C Not mentioned
1-5 CCBAB 6-7 BA
After an earthquake or any similar disaster, parents and teachers need to help children overcome the effects of this frightening and sometimes devastating experience. Psychologists say that if children go through a disturbing event before the age of ten, they are three times as likely to suffer psychological problems as so teenagers. After a disaster children may become easily upset, shy, aggressive, or afraid of wind, rain, noises, or darkness. They may have trouble letting go of their parents and resist going to school or daycare. Some children may even feel guilty thinking that they somehow caused the disaster through their bad behavior. Because of such common reactions, parents and others should begin as soon after the event as possible helping these children.
Some suggestions include talking to the children about what happened, letting the children express their own feelings, spending extra time with them doing activities together and reassuring them that you love them and won't leave them. For some children expressing themselves through drawing pictures or writing can be useful. Do everything possible to help children get back to a normal routine; however, don't be afraid to "spoil" these children for a while after the disaster. Let them have extra privileges and more attention than usual. Encourage the children to grieve after a loss. It should be OK for them to cry. Caring families and friends can do much to heal children victims of disasters.
1. This passage is mainly about_______.
A. how to help traumatized children to get over
A. the bad effects disasters bring to children
A. the psychological problems children before ten are likely to suffer
A. the importance of caring families
2. According to the passage, a child who has just experienced a devastating disaster may become______.
A. more mature B. less dependent C. willing to help D. ready to attack
3. Which is NOT advisable when dealing with the traumatized children?
A. Allowing them freedom for some time.
B. Asking them to hold their feelings.
C. Encouraging them to show their grief.
D. Talking them into taking care of others.
1-3 ADB

Hints on Safety
Nearly everyone is attracted to water, whether it is in the sea, canals, rivers or the village pond. Beautiful as it is, water should be regarded with respect, as it can be dangerous. Around 300 children up to the age of ten die each year from drowning. It should be every parent’s duty to ensure that both he and the child can swim and that as the child gets older, he has some knowledge of life-saving and artificial respiration(人工呼吸).
The basic rules of water safety are:
·Don’t leave small children playing alone in water
·Never swim an hour before or an hour after a main meal
·If it’s a danger area, find out before you start swimming where the life-guard is or where a lifebelt is available(可提供的)
·As children get older, try to teach them to remain calm in an emergency(紧急情况)
·Look out for warning things to see whether you’re in a danger area(see under this)
·Be especially careful of inland stretches of water pools, reservoirs (水库) and dykes(沟) where there are often fewer people about than at the seaside.
You SHOULD KNOW
THE NATIONAL CODE FOR BATHERS--the code deals only with warnings that indicate (标志) “Unsafe to Bathe”.
1. Colour: red, UNSAFE TO BATHE--do not enter the water.
2. Colour: red board, white lettering, UNSAFE TO BATHE AT ALL TIMES.
Life-saving equipment is also painted red for easy identification(识别).
3. Colour: red and yellow. PATROLLED(巡逻) BATHING AREAS.
Bathing areas with life-saving facilities(设施) provided by patrols of lifeguards.
4. Colour: black and white check. SURFING (冲浪) AREA. Area set aside for surf board (冲