情态动词市公开课金奖市赛课一等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,情态动词使用办法归类,第1页,第1页,只作情态动词,can/could,may/might,ought to,must,可情态可实义,need,dare,可情态可助动词,shall/should,will/,would,相称于情态动词,have to,used to,第2页,第2页,表示推测情态动词,表示“情感、态度、语调”等方面情态动词,情态动词+have done,第3页,第3页,（一）表示推测情态动词,对现在或未来情况推测，用情态动词+do/be/be doing；,对过去推测，用情态动词+have done/been；,第4页,第4页,表示必定推测情态动词按也许性大小依次为,mustshould/ought tomaymightcould；,否认推测，惯用cant/couldnt，,译为“主线不也许”、“想必不会”，表示推测语调非常必定，,may not/might not,译为“也许不”、“也许不”，表示推测语调不很必定。,第5页,第5页,must表示对某人某事猜想,作“准是”,“一定”,普通用于必定句中。,You,must,bethenewteacher.,He,must,bejoking.,第6页,第6页,should(not)/ought(not)to表示依据常规或常识推测，表示“某事应当或不应当发生”，语调比must或cant/couldnt稍弱。,e.g.,Hows your tour around the West Lake?Is it beautiful?,It _ be,but it is now heavily polluted.,A.will B.would C.should D.must,【答案】C,第7页,第7页,can,could,表示推测时，普通用于疑问句和否认句中；,e.g.,Can,the news be true,?,He,cant,be in the classroom now,for the light is out.,can,用于必定句中表示一个理论上也许性,，并不牵涉是否真会发生；,The road can be blocked,.,could,用于必定句中，语调比can更弱。,第8页,第8页,(,4)may(not)/might(not),表示一个不太把握推测，意为“或许，也许”；might语调比may较婉转.,May,表示说话人,猜想,:“也许”“也许”:通常只用于必定句和否认句中。,e.g.-I believe the man is from England.,-But I,may,be wrong.,The guest,may,arrive this afternoon.,第9页,第9页,might表示现在也许，其也许性要比may 小,。如：,e.g.She,might,go home tomorrow.,说不定他明天会回家。,第10页,第10页,（二）表示“情感、态度、语调”等方面情态动词,1.must表示“情感、态度、语调”主要有下列使用办法,：,(1)表示主观义务和必要，,主要用于必定句和疑问句，意思为“必须，得，要”；,由must引起疑问句，必定回答要用must或have to，否认回答要用neednt或dont have to,意思是“不必”。,Must,Ifinishallassignmentsatatime?,Yes,you,must,.,No,you,neednt,.,第11页,第11页,表示“必须”这个意思时，must和haveto稍有区别。must着重阐明主观见解，haveto强调客观需要。,must和 haveto,I dont like this TV set.We,must,buy a new one.There was no more bus.They,had to,walk home.,第12页,第12页,(2),must否认形式mustnt表示严禁，意思是“不能，不许”。,比如：,(上海春)When I was young,I was told that I _ play with matches,A.wouldnt B.neednt C.mustnt D.darent,【答案】C,第13页,第13页,must还能够用来表示责怪、埋怨感情色彩，意思为“偏要，硬要、干嘛”。,比如：,He,must,come and worry her with question,just when she was busy cooking the dinner.,第14页,第14页,2.should“应当”，表示“责任和义务”。,比如：,You,should,keep your promise.,你应当遵守诺言。,第15页,第15页,3.shall,(1)shall用于第一和第三人称，惯用于疑问句中，用来征求对方意见。,比如：,Shall,we go by train,Mom?,Shall,they wait here or outside?,(2)用于第二和第三人称，表示“命令、威胁、警告、允诺、”等。,比如：,You,shall,fail if you dont work harder.,He,shall,have the book when I finish reading.,第16页,第16页,(,3)shall也用于宣布法律、要求要求,。比如：,What does the sign over there read?,“No person _ smoke in this area.”,A.will B.may C.shall D.must,【答案】C,第17页,第17页,4.can,(1)can能够用来表示惊异、怀疑、不相信态度，主要用于否认句、疑问句或感慨句中,。,(NMET全国)How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have only covered only part of the article?,A.can B.must C.need D.may,【答案】A,(2)can也能够用来表示请求或许可。,Can,I sit here?,第18页,第18页,(3),can能够表示普通或永久能力。be able to也可表示能力，但惯用来表示在某件事情中所表现出来能力，尤指克服困难能够完毕某事。,比如：,(NMET福建)If it were not for the fact that she _ sing,I would invite her to the party.,A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.cant D.might not,(NMET1997)The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.,A.had to B.would C.could D.was able to,【答案】C D,第19页,第19页,5,.would,(1)will与would可表示“意愿；意志”。,(NMET北京)John promised his doctor he _ not smoke and he has never smoked ever since.,A.might B.should C.could D.would,【答案】D,第20页,第20页,(2),would表示过去倾向性或习惯性动作。used to 也有这一使用办法，但used to即可用来表示过去习惯性动作，也可用来表示过去状态。,比如：,(NMET1996上海)When he was there,he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.,A.would B.should C.had better D.might,(NMET安徽)In my opinion,life in the twenty-first century is much easier than _.,A.that used to be B.it is used to,C.it was used to D.it used to be,【答案】A D,第21页,第21页,（三）情态动词+have done,must表示对某人某事猜想,;,对过去发生事情作必定判断用must have done,Thereisnobodyhere.They,musthaveall gone,home.,第22页,第22页,can和could接动词完毕形式。,could have done:表示本也许做某事却没做。(有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，也能够表示对过去动作推测),e.g.a.You could have done better,but you didnt try your best.,b.This glass iscracked.Someone could have dropped it,cant/couldnt have done:用于否认句时表否认推断，推测必定没做；用于疑问句时意为“莫非真做了吗”，表示怀疑。,e.g.They cant have gone out because the light is still on.,Can he have done such a foolish thing?,cant have done 语调比 couldnt have done 要强一些,第23页,第23页,“should+have+过去分词”表示本应当在过去做但没有做,。,should(not)/ought(not)to have done本（不）应当做某事，但却没有做或做了，含有责怪或后悔之意,（NMET江苏）Im sorry.I _at you the other day.,Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.,A.shouldnt shout B.shouldnt have shouted,C.mustnt shout D.mustnt have shouted,【答案】B,第24页,第24页,neednt have done本没有必要做某事但却做了。要注意neednt do则表示“没有必要去做某事”，时间上应当是现在或未来。,比如：(NMET福建,)Catherine,I have cleaned the room for you.,Thanks.You _ it.I could manage it myself.,A.neednt do B.neednt have done,C.mustnt do D.shouldnt have done,【答案】B,第25页,第25页,would(not)have done本来(不)会发生某事，但却（发生了）或没有发生。,惯用于虚拟条件句或含蓄虚拟条件引导虚拟语调，,表示对过去所发生事情结果假设。,I would have told you all about the boys story,but you didnt ask me.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩故事，但是你没有问我。,Without your help,I wouldnt have achieved so much.没有你帮助，我是不会取得如此大成绩。,第26页,第26页,might have done表示“本来也许”，但事实上没有发生事。,比如：,(NMET江西)What a pity!Considering his ability and experience,he _ better.,A.need have done B.must have done,C.can have done D.might have done,【答案】D,第27页,第27页,