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(每日一练)全国通用版高中英语必修一Unit3SportsandFitness知识点总结归纳
单选题
1、After the excitement of Tokyo, there are the Beijing Winter Olympics to ______ .
A.work outB.look forward toC.fall behindD.take over
答案:B
考查动词短语辨析。句意:在东京的兴奋之后,还有北京冬奥会的期待。A. work out计算出;B. look forward to期待;C. fall behind落后;D. take over接管。根据“After the excitement of Tokyo”可知,东京奥运会后,人们还可以期待北京冬奥会。故选B。
2、The stock lost 60 pence a share, ________ last year when it gained 21 pence.
A.instead ofB.in return for
C.in contrast toD.rather than
答案:C
考查固定短语辨析。句意:这只股票每股跌了60美分,和去年上涨21美分形成了对比。A.instead of代替;B.in return for作为回报;C.in contrast to与……形成对比;D.rather than而不是。根据句意可知,前后文的数字形成对比,故选C。
3、I like the style of his writing but I don’t like the _________.
A.confidenceB.flightC.contentD.track
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我喜欢他的写作风格,但不喜欢内容。A.confidence自信心;B.flight航班;C.content内容;D.track轨迹。根据句意以及转折关系可知,跟写作方面有关的就是写作的风格和内容。故选C。
4、The government’s strong actions demonstrated our _________ to uphold One-China principle.
A.energyB.resistanceC.courageD.determination
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:政府的有力行动显示了我们坚持一个中国原则的决心。A. energy能量;B. resistance抵制;C. courage勇气;D. determination决心。根据句意和空格前的strongactions(有力行动)以及空格后的to uphold One-China principle(坚持一个中国原则)可知,我们的行动展示的是我们坚持一个中国原则的决心,空格处应该填入determination。故选D项。
5、My uncle has never been to a foreign country, _________?
A.has heB.does heC.hasn't heD.doesn't he
答案:A
考查反意疑问句。句意:我叔叔从未去过外国,是吗?陈述部分的助动词为has,反意疑问句的助动词也应是has,当陈述部分含有“never, hardly”等含否定意义的词时,反意疑问句应该用肯定形式。故选A项。
6、Some experts think, ______ genes, intelligence also depends on an adequate diet, a good education and a nice home environment.
A.instead ofB.except ofC.apart fromD.rather than
答案:C
考查固定短语辨析。句意:一些专家认为,除了基因,智力还取决于充足的饮食、良好的教育和良好的家庭环境。A. instead of而不是;B. except of无此种搭配;C. apart from除……之外;D. rather than而不是。根据后文“genes, intelligence also depends on an adequate diet, a good education and a nice home environment”可知,表示除了基因,智力还取决于充足的饮食、良好的教育和良好的家庭环境。故选C。
7、The president must have received the result of medical research by the time the disease spread widely, _______?
A.hasn’t heB.mustn’t heC.hadn’t heD.didn’t he
答案:C
考查反意疑问句。句意:当疾病广泛传播时,总统一定已经收到了医学研究的结果,不是吗?当情态动词can/may/should/must等在句中表推测语气时,反意疑问部分应根据实义动词的实际发生时间来构成;此处动词receive发生在从句谓语动词spread之前,表示“过去的过去”(过去完成时had done),所以反意疑问部分用hadn’t he。故选C项。
8、________ people have been used to the single-use plastic bags, it is unavoidable to throw away this consumption habit to help protect the environment.
A.BecauseB.UnlessC.Even thoughD.So that
答案:C
考查连词辨析。句意:尽管人们已经习惯了一次性塑料袋,但为了保护环境,抛弃这种消费习惯是不可避免的。A. Because因为;B. Unless除非;C. Even though尽管;D. So that以便于。根据“people have been used to the single-use plastic bags”和“it is unavoidable to throw away this consumption habit”可知,句子表示“尽管人们已经习惯了一次性塑料袋,但为了保护环境,抛弃这种消费习惯是不可避免的”,空格处意为“尽管”,是even though,引导让步状语从句,故选C。
9、He gave an unhesitating “yes” when asked if he would ______ the experience again.
A.go throughB.go outC.bring upD.work out
答案:A
考查动词短语辨析。句意:当被问及是否愿意再经历一次这样的经历时,他毫不犹豫地表示“是的”。A. go through经历;B. go out外出;C. bring up培养;D. work out解决。根据句意可知,经历这样的经历”。故选A。
10、By the way, our school soccer team won at last, __________?
A.were theyB.didn't theyC.did theyD.weren't they
答案:B
考查反意疑问句。句意:顺便说一下,我们学校的足球队最后赢了,是吗?反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:肯定+否定?否定+肯定?且谓语为won,应用助动词did,故选B。
11、Be careful with your passport and money when you are in a foreign country, ________?
A.will youB.can youC.aren’t youD.don’t you
答案:A
考查反意疑问句。句意:当你在国外时,小心你的护照和钱,好吗?陈述部分是肯定的祈使句,附加问句一般用will you 或won't you,故选A项。
12、I think it is where they got the money that counts ________ what they did with it.
A.rather thanB.other thanC.more thanD.or rather
答案:A
考查短语辨析。句意:我认为重要的是他们从哪里得到的钱,而不是他们用这些钱做了什么。A.rather than 而不是;B.other than 除了;C.more than 不仅仅,超过,非常;D.or rather 更确切地说。根据句意,此处表示“而不是”,故选A。
13、It just doesn’t ______—why would she do a thing like that?
A.take shapeB.come alongC.give upD.make sense
答案:D
考查动词词义辨析。句意:这根本说不通——她为什么要做那样的事?A. take place发生;B. come along赶快,进展;C. give up放弃;D. make senses有意义,讲得通。根据“why would she do a thing like that?”可知,此处表示她做那样的事是没有道理的。故选D。
14、Kangaroos have good hearing, keen sight and a ________ sense of smell. They are aware when an enemy appears at a distance.
A.sharpB.skepticalC.positiveD.fierce
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:袋鼠有很好的听力,敏锐的视觉和敏锐的嗅觉。当敌人在远处出现时,它们能察觉到。A. sharp敏锐的;B. skeptical怀疑的;C. positive积极的;D. fierce凶猛的。根据“They are aware when an enemy appears at a distance.”可知,袋鼠具有敏锐的视觉和敏锐的嗅觉。故选A。
15、“It’s a secret. Promise no one else will know it,” he lowered his voice and whispered________ no one could overhear it.
A.in caseB.even ifC.so thatD.only if
答案:C
考查连词词义辨析。句意:“这是一个秘密。答应我,别让别人知道。”他压低了声音,低声说,以便没人能听到。A. in case以防,万一;B. even if即使;C. so that目的是、以便于;D. only if只有当。根据“no one could overhear it”可知,此处表示目的,需用so that引导目的状语从句。故选C。
16、Information technology is so advanced nowadays that a simple ______ can take you to every corner of the world.
A.eventB.issueC.approachD.click
答案:D
考查名词词义辨析。句意:如今信息技术如此先进,一个简单的点击就可以把你带到世界的每个角落。A.event事件;B. issue 问题;C. approach方法;D. click点击。根据“Information technology is so advanced”可知,一个简单的点击就可以把你带到世界的每个角落。故选D项。
17、Yesterday, crowds of people _____ to watch the charity of performance.
A.work outB.make outC.turn outD.reach out
答案:C
考查动词短语辨析。句意:昨天,成群的人出来观看慈善演出。 A. work out解决、算出、锻炼;B. make out理解、辨认出;C. turn out结果是、出席、参加;D. reach out伸出。根据句意可知,此处表示成群的人参与观看慈善演出。故选C项。
18、I want to know the sporting ________ that catch the people’s attention in China.
A.accidentsB.eventsC.incidentsD.occasions
答案:B
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我想知道在中国吸引人们注意的体育赛事。A. accidents意外,事故;B. events事件,体育项目;C. incidents事件;D. occasions时机,场合。根据sporting可知,此处是指体育项目。故选B。
小提示:
19、Tom tried hard to ______ his book, but his thoughts kept flying back to the movie.
A.concentrate onB.settle forC.give upD.take down
答案:A
考查动词短语辨析。句意:汤姆努力想把注意力集中在他的书上,但他的思绪不断地飞回到电影上。A. concentrate on专注于;B. settle for勉强接受;C. give up放弃;D. take down拆下,拿下。根据下文“but his thoughts kept flying back to the movie.”可知,此处是指汤姆不能集中注意力在书本上。故选A。
20、The scientist buried himself in studies and rarely ________ clothes and food.
A.cares aboutB.rather thanC.cared aboutD.be cared about
答案:C
考查动词短语和时态。句意:这位科学家埋头研究,很少关心衣服和食物。care about是固定短语“关心,在乎”,rather than是固定短语“而不是”,分析句子可知and并列了本句的两个谓语动词,buried是过去时,所此处也用过去时。根据答案应该是cared about。故选C。
21、Their effort ended in ________.
A.failingB.failuresC.failingsD.failure
答案:D
考查名词。句意:他们的努力以失败告终。A. failing失败,是fail的现在分词;B. failures失败的人或事,可数名词;C. failings缺点;弱点,可数名词;D. failure失败,抽象名词。end in 后面常常加名词,结合句意此处“失败”是抽象名词,应用failure。故选D。
22、I don’t suppose he cares, ______?
A.does heB.doesn’t heC.do ID.don’t I
答案:A
考查反意疑问句。句意:我想他不会在乎的,对吧?该句为反意疑问句,其结构为“陈述句+附加疑问句”,该句中陈述句是复合句,主句的主语是第一人称,that是宾语从句,即“I think/believe/suppose...+that...”结构,附加疑问句须和从句的主谓保持一致,但是陈述句中的宾语从句否定前移了,即think,suppose,believe等词后的宾语从句,如果是否定句,需要把否定转移到think,suppose,believe等词上,所以从句具有否定意义,综上所述,附加疑问句应和从句主谓保持一致,且用肯定意义,应用does he,故选A。
23、I knew I had done a good job and was looking forward to getting a________ comment.
A.positiveB.negativeC.anxiousD.impressive
答案:A
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我知道我做得很好,并期待着得到积极的评价。A. positive积极的;B. negative消极的;C. anxious焦虑的;D. impressive给人印象深刻的。结合“我知道我做得很好”,做得好的我应该是想得到积极的评价。故选A项。
24、You’d better not stay outdoors in this kind of weather, ______ you?
A.doB.don’tC.hadD.hadn’t
答案:C
考查反意疑问句。句意:这种天气你最好不要呆在户外,好吗?反意疑问句中,问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系,即:肯定+否定? 否定+肯定? 当陈述部分有had better时,疑问部分通常用had/hadn't,You’d better是You had better的缩写形式,后接not,是否定句式,所以空格需填had。故选C项。
25、Let’s try again, ?
A.don’t weB.shall weC.are weD.won’t we
答案:B
考查反义疑问句。句意:我们再试一次,好吗?分析句子的结构可知,Let’s do sth.句型的反义疑问句均使用shall we。故选B。
26、There won’t be more pollution in ten years, _______?
A.is itB.will itC.will thereD.does it
答案:C
考查反意疑问句。句意:十年后不会有更多的污染,是吗?there be句型中陈述部分的助动词是will,反意疑问句的助动词也应是will,陈述部分是否定形式,问句部分用肯定形式,主语永远用there。故选C项。
27、The student made great progress _________the help of his teachers and classmates.
A.rather thanB.thanks toC.with the hope ofD.in addition
答案:B
考查固定短语辨析。句意:多亏了老师和同学的帮助,这个学生取得了很大的进步。A.rather than而不是;B.thanks to由于,多亏了;C.with the hope of怀有……的希望;D.in addition另外。由“the help of his teachers and classmates”和“made great progress”可知,句子表示“多亏了老师和同学的帮助,这个学生取得了很大的进步”,因此空格处是thanks to,故选B。
28、You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ______ as you expect.
A.work outB.take offC.break inD.put out
答案:A
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意:你不能预测一切。事情往往不会如你所愿。A. work out (如期)发生,进展(顺利);B. take off起飞,突然成功;C. break in闯进;D. put out扑灭,生产。根据前文“You can’t predict everything.”可知,事情不会如期发生。故选A项。
29、Alice trusts you. Only you can persuade her________ the foolish idea.
A.not to give upB.to give upC.giving upD.give up
答案:B
考查不定式和固定短语。句意:爱丽丝信任你。只有你才能说服她放弃那个愚蠢的想法。persuade sb. to do sth.是固定短语,意为“说服某人做某事”,因此空格处用不定式,作宾语补足语,故选B。
30、We should learn more information technology ________ we can improve our teaching efficiency.
A.so thatB.in caseC.now thatD.even if
答案:A
考查目的状语从句。句意:我们应该学习更多的信息技术,这样我们才能提高教学效率。A. so that 以便;为的是;B. in case 以防;C. now that既然; D. even if即使;纵然。分析可知,学习更多的信息技术的目的是提高效率,所以空白处填so that,符合题意,故选A。
完成句子
31、足球运动员不应该假装摔倒,即使这有助于他的球队。
A soccer player should not _________ _________ fall down even if it helps his team.
答案: pretend to
考查动词。“假装”用动词pretend表示,跟不定式作宾语,“假装摔倒”用pretend to fall down;在情态动词should后用动词原形。故填①pretend;②to。
32、她过去宁愿坐拥挤的公共汽车,也不愿在寒冷的天气里骑自行车。
__________in the freezing weather, she_________ on a crowded bus in the past.
答案: Rather than ride a bike preferred to ride
考查固定搭配。根据汉语句意,所设空处意为“宁愿……也不愿……”,可用短语搭配“prefer … rather than …”,该结构中,prefer后常跟动词不定式,rather than后跟不带to的不定式,故答案为Rather than ride a bike;preferred to ride。
33、我的朋友在社交媒体上发消息说她感冒了,这使得她可能无法去电影院了。
My friend posted a message on the social media ________ she had a cold, which made it unable for her to ________ ________ to the cinema.
答案: that make it
考查同位语从句和固定短语。分析可知,she had a cold是同位语从句,解释说明message的具体内容,从句中不缺成分,且意思完整,因此第一空用that引导该从句;对比中英文句子可知,后两空意为“及时抵达,成功”,是固定短语make it,make it unable for sb. to do sth.是固定短语,意为“使某人不能做某事”,因此空格处是动词原形,故填that , make, it。
34、尽管一些人努力假装年轻,他们灰色的头发和松弛的皮肤把他们暴露了。
Although some people pretend hard ___________, their hair and loose skin give them _____.
答案: to be young away
考查不定式和固定短语。pretend to do表示“假装做”,根据句意,所以第一空需要用不定式形式,故填to be young。give away表示“泄露”,是固定短语,故第二空填away。
35、We should think carefully ________ ________ make a quick decision.
我们应该认真考虑而不是匆匆做决定。
答案: rather than
考查介词短语。根据句子结构及中文,设空处缺“而不是”,应译为rather than,为并列连词,此处连接两个动词短语,表达“取舍关系”:前面的内容为“取”,rather than后面的内容为“舍”。故填:①rather;②than。
36、作为一名运动员,郎平为她的祖国赢得了诸多荣誉。作为个人,郎平深受国内外球迷的喜爱。
___________, Lang Ping _________ her country. ___________, Lang Ping is loved by fans_________.
答案: As a player brought honour and glory to As a person at home and abroad
考查固定短语和时态。表示“作为一名运动员”翻译为as a player;表示“为……赢得诸多荣誉”短语为bring honour and glory to,此处应用一般过去时;表示“作为个人”短语为as a person;表示“国内外”短语为at home and abroad。句首单词首字母要大写。故填①As a player;②brought honour and glory to;③As a person;④at home and abroad。
37、Jordan’s skills were impressive, but the mental strength that he showed made him unique.(but引导并列句)
The watch is cheap, ___________.
这块表虽然便宜,但走得很准。
答案:but it goes quite well
考查并列连词和一般现在现时态。根据汉语原文和译为可知,“但走得很准”是分句,与上文是转折关系,再结合仿写句可知,应使用并列连词but来连接,根据上一分句时态可知,应使用一般现在时,故译为“but it goes quite well”。故填but it goes quite well。
38、据报道,这次暴风雨影响到了当地15000多人。有163人受伤,3人失踪。(injure;miss)
___________ ___________ ___________ ___________the rainstorm influenced over 15,000 people. 163 people___________ __________and 3 people___________ ___________.
答案: It is reported that were injured were missing
考查形式主语和形容词。根据句意可知,第一话需要句型It is reported that...“据报道……”,it为形式主语,that从句为真正的主语;第二句话可用主系表结构,句子时态为一般过去时,injured为形容词“受伤的”,missing为形容词“失踪的”。故填①It②is③reported④that⑤were⑥injured⑦were⑧missing。
39、Although she doesn’t talk much, what she says ________.
尽管她说得不多, 但是她说的话很有意义。
答案:makes much sense
考查动词短语和时态。表示“有意义”用makesense,“很”用much修饰,根据状语从句中的 doesn’t 可知,这是一般现在时,故翻译为makes much sense。
40、你所说的有道理。
What you have said _________ ________.
答案: makes sense
考查动词短语和主谓一致。make sense有道理;陈述现在事实,用一般现在时;从句作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填makes sense。
语法填空
41、A university is a place where you can learn to be wise, learn to be confident and learn to make ________ difference. (用适当的词填空)
答案:a
考查冠词。句意:大学是一个让你学会睿智、学会自信、学会有所作为的地方。make a difference为固定短语,意为“有影响,有所作为”。故填a。
42、We mustn't pretend_________(know)what we don't know. (用单词适当形式填空)
答案:to know
考查不定式。句意:我们不可以假装自己不知道的事情。根据固定短语pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”可知,此处应用不定式作为宾语,故填to know。
43、It’s partly true that Dickens’ style of writing attracted ________(audience) from all walks of life. (用适当的词填空)
答案:audiences
考查名词复数。句意:狄更斯的写作风格吸引了各行各业的读者,这在一定程度上是正确的。audience“读者”,可数名词,由空后from all walks of life可知,应用名词复数形式。故填audiences。
44、Nowadays more and more middle school students are getting ________ (stress) in their studies. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:stressed
考查形容词。句意:现在,越来越多的中学生在学习上越来越焦虑不安。分析句子可知,“get”为系动词,后接形容词作表语,“stress”意为“压力”,名词词性,“students”指人,故应用“stressed”,意为“焦虑不安的”,形容词词性,修饰人。故填stressed。
45、When choosing a city ______(host) the Olympic Games, we need to consider many things. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to host
考查非谓语动词。句意:在选择举办奥运会的城市时,我们需要考虑很多事情。根据句意可知,此处表示将来发生的事情,应用不定式,作定语。故填to host。
46、Here are some ideas to help people to give _________ smoking. (用适当的词填空)
答案:up
考查介词 。句意:这里有一些有助于人们戒烟的想法。短语give up表示“放弃”,故填up。
47、His ________(determine) remains as strong as ever despite all the setbacks he has encountered. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:determination
考查名词。句意:尽管他遇到了种种挫折,但他的决心一如既往地坚定。分析句式结构再根据his可知,此处应该用提示词的名词形式determination作主语,故填determination。
48、Every athlete is _____________(compete) for his/her country. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:competing
考查动词。句意:每个运动员都在为自己的国家比赛。compete“比赛”为动词,根据空格前的助动词is可知,此处需要用现在分词competing与之一起构成现在进行时。故填competing。
49、Indeed, they made only half as many ______(error) as those wearing their own clothes on the Stroop Test (one way of measuring attention). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:errors
考查名词的数。句意:事实上,在Stroop测试(一种测量注意力的方法)中,他们所犯的错误只有那些穿自己衣服的人的一半。空前有限定词many修饰,所以填名词复数errors作宾语。故填errors。
50、Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it___________(contain). (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:contained
考查动词时态。句意:小约翰尼摸了摸包,很想知道里面装的是什么。contain意为“包含,含有”,在句中作谓语,由句中felt可知,句子时态为一般过去时,此处contain需用过去时contained。故填contained。
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