教学设计Task.doc

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Task Writing a speech about the film industry
General introduction
This section consists of a series of activities which provide you with an opportunity to practice your listening, speaking, reading and writing skills. The Task is divided into three steps and each step is preceded with a skills building activity. Through the three steps, you will learn how to complete a quiz, how to listen for emphasis and how to use information from more than one source. You are expected to apply what you have learnt in the skills building parts to write a speech about the film industry.
Skills building 1: completing a quiz
In a quiz, we are usually asked to answer some questions. What should we do when we take a quiz and what steps we should take to make sure that we answer the questions correctly? Let’s read the guidelines and the three steps on our books. After that you will have a chance to complete a quiz about the film industry.
Step 1: completing a quiz about the film industry
This part is designed to help you develop your listening skills. You will listen to two radio programmes discussing the early days of film, and then read a web page about film facts. You are expected to use all of the information to complete a film quiz. Before listening, you can look through the questions first.
1. Listen to the tape.
Tapescript
Host: Today on History’s Greatest Inventions, we are discussing films, which were once called ‘moving pictures’!
Guest: Well, that isn’t such a strange name. That’s what films are——moving pictures. What our eyes see as movements are really just the small differences between thousands of still photographs.
Host: Really?
Guest: Yes, every film is made of frames, and each frame is just a photograph. We first started viewing them as connected films back in the 1880s. William Friese-Green was the first man to record and then play back what we now think of as a film. He made his film in Hyde Park, London, and later watched it in his home. On the twenty-eighth of December eighteen ninety-five, two Frenchmen, the Lumière brothers, made a film and presented it to paying audiences. They are often considered the ‘fathers of the modern film industry’
Host: These first films were not like the ones we see today, were they?
Guest: No. One big difference is the speed of the filming—at first, cameras were operated by hand, and it was hard to keep the film moving at the same speed all the time. When we see these old films today, the actors look like they are moving too fast. Another big difference is that old films had no sound. We now refer to them as silent films. When people went to see them, there would be a piano player, or even an orchestra in the theatre to provide music. The first ‘talking film’ or film with sound was shown in New York in nineteen twenty-seven. It was called The Jazz Singer. The first words ever heard in a film were, ‘wait a minute. Wait a minute. You ain’t heard nothin’ yet.’ Audiences were so excited they even stood up in the theatre and applauded!
One other thing you will notice if you watch an older film is that they were all in black and white. One interesting fact is that while we know the first words spoken on film, and where the first film was made, we have no idea what the first color film was. Many people try to claim that one film or another was the first one made in color, but there is no way to prove who is right!
2. I’ll play the recording again. Let’s check the answers.
Answers
A 1. The Lumière brothers.
3. Moving pictures.
4. London.
5. The speed, the sound and the color of the film.
8. In the theatre.
9. The Jazz Singer.
10. No idea.
3. Listen to another radio programme in Part B. This time you will listen to some information about Hollywood, and you can use the information to answer some of the remaining questions on the quiz. I’ll play the recording twice if it is necessary for you.
Tapescript
Host: We’ve invited a Hollywood expert to talk to us about how things work in Hollywood. Welcome, Alex.
Alex: Thanks. Well, it all began in early nineteen hundred. The first studio that opened there was called Nestor Studios, and it was followed by many others, all around the same time.
Host: Can you explain what a studio actually is?
Alex: Of course. We used the word ‘studio’ to describe a company with sound stages. The word refers to both the company and the place where it makes its films. In the past, studios hired actors and then told them what films they could work on. Now, a studio will ‘buy’ the idea for a film, and then hire the individuals who will make the film.
Host: Oh, that makes it much clearer.
Alex: Do you know that most of the films made throughout the world are made in Hollywood? Three quarters of the films seen around the world are made in the United States, and about ninety-nine percent of them are made in Hollywood.
Host: How long does it take to make a film?
Alex: It can take up to a few years, if you include all the steps. At the beginning is development. Someone thinks of an idea and sells it to a studio, or someone at a studio comes up with an idea. Then people have to decide if it will make money, and who should write it., then of course, someone writes a script. When those is done, and sometimes while the script is being written, pre-production starts. Actors must be hired and locations found for filming. The filming itself is called productions, and takes very little time, sometimes only a few weeks. After that is the post-production stage. This stage can take a very long time. It includes the editing and adding sounds and special effects. After that is done, the film is complete and preparations are made to send it out. Someone has to decide where it will be shown first and what companies will be allowed to sell it. Finally, it is sent out and we get to see it!
4. I’ll check the answers as a class to see which questions you have already found the answers to after listening to the recording in this part.
Answers
7 The company with sound stages and the place where the company makes its films.
11 A few years.
12 Pre-production stage and post-production stage.
5. Read the web page in Part C to find the remaining information and finish the quiz. Make sure that you have no difficulty in understanding the passage.
Answers
2 said, ‘Cinema… has no commercial future,’
6 $10,000,000
13 20th Century Fox, Universal Studios, Warner Bros and MGM.
Skills building 2: listening for emphasis
This part is designed to help you pay attention to the words or information emphasized in a question to answer it exactly. In the Grammar and usage section of this unit, we learnt how to emphasize some parts of sentences by adding some words or using certain sentence structures. Are there any other ways that we can emphasize some words or information, especially when we are speaking? Sometimes we stress the words we want to emphasize. Now let’s go over Skills building 2.
Step 2: asking and answering questions about Chinese films
In this part, you should work in pairs to conduct an interview about Chinese films. You are expected to practice the speaking skills you have learnt in Skills building 2.
1. Go over the instructions so that you know what to do in Step 2. Then read all the questions and answers and make sure that you know what you are going to do.
2. Work in pairs to do this role-play activity, asking and answering questions about Chinese films. When asking questions, you should emphasize the words in bold. The student who is answering questions should repeat the emphasized words. After you finish asking and answering these questions, you should switch roles. In this way, every one of you will have a chance to practice emphasizing.
Sample answers
S=student D=director
S: I have entered a speech competition about the film industry. I am doing research on the Chinese film industry and want to talk about it in my speech. I know you were a director before you retired. May I ask you some questions abut Chinese films?
D: Certainly. I’m glad that I can help you. What do you want to know?
S: When was it that film was introduced in China?
D: It was in 1896 that it was introduced.
S: Wow! That was more than one hundred years ago. So, what was the first Chinese film made?
D: It was Conquering Jun Mountain and it was made in 1905.
S: Then, when was it that the film industry began to do well in China?
D: It was in 1913 that it began to do well.
S: Was it alone that the Chinese made films at that time?
D: No, we were not alone. We got help and training from Americans.
S: I see. What was the first film made only by Chinese?
D: The first film made only by Chinese? It was The Difficult Couple by Zheng Zhengqiu and Zhang Shichuan in 1913.
S: That film must be silent. When was it that the first ‘talking film’ made in China?
D: It was in 1913 that the first ‘talking film’ was made. It was The Songstress, Red Peony by Zhang Shichuan and starring Hu Die.
S: What was it that Chinese films from the 1930s to 1960s were about?
D: They were mostly about war.
S: That’s interesting. What are some famous films from that time?
D: I think the ones that are the most famous are Dong Cunrui directed by Guo Wei in 1955, and The Red Detachment of Women directed by Xie Jin in 1961. They were very popular and liked by people all over China then.
S: Were many films made in China during that time?
D: Certainly there were many. From 1949 to 1966, 603 feature films and 8,342 reels of documentaries were made.
S: What happened to Chinese films in the 1980s?
D: In the 1980s, the State Administration of Radio, Film and Television was set up. From then on, films became even better.
S: How is it that Chinese films are thought of by the world today?
D: Many of them are well thought of today, many even world-famous. For example, Ju Dou by Zhang Yimou in 1990, Farewell, My Concubine by Chen Kaige in 1993 and Beijing Bicycle by Wang Xiaoshuai in 2001.
S: I really have learnt a lot from you. Thank you very much.
D: If you have any more questions, please feel free to ask me.
Skills building 3: using information from more than one source
In this part, you will learn what you need to do to prepare the information for a speech or an essay competition.
T: What will you do before you attend a speech or an essay competition? Give as many answers as you can.
S1: know what the subject of the competition is
S2: find out different aspects of the subject and write the draft
S3: do research on the aspects that you do not know
T: Review what you have learnt about the film industry in Steps 1 and 2. List the information you have already obtained, and think about what else you will need in making the speech or writing the essay for the competition. For example:
● The information I have already got:
the first film-maker/ fathers of modern film;
where the first film was made;
the first studio in Hollywood;
the title of the first ‘talking film’;
the title of the first film made in China;
the differences between old and modern films
● The information I need to do research on:
the titles of the best films in some famous film festivals this year;
some famous actors/ actresses in Hollywood/ China
Step 3: writing a speech about the film industry
Now you are required to write a speech using information gathered in the previous steps. First read the guidelines in Step 3 and find out what you are asked to do. Then work in groups to discuss what you should write and how to write the speech.
Possible example
Ladies and Gentlemen,
What I want to talk about here is the history of the film industry.
There are many firsts in the history of the film industry. Do you know when and where the first film was made? It was in the 1880s, more than 120 years ago, that William Friese-Green recorded and then played back what we now think of as a film. He made his film in Hyde Park, London, and later watched it in his home. The fathers of modern film are thought to be the Lumiere brothers from France. The first films ever made were silent. The audiences could hear different kinds of music played by a piano player or an orchestra in the theatre. It was not until in 1927 that the first ‘talking film’ or film with sound was shown in New York. The title of it was The Jazz Singer. Just imagine how audience was so excited that everyone in the theatre stood up and applauded.
In 1896, film was introduced to China. The first Chinese film ever made, Conquering Jun Mountain, was made in 1905. The first film made only by Chinese was The Difficult Couple, which was made in 1913. Then, about 18 years later, the first ‘talking film’ was made in China in 1931. The title of the film is The Songstress, Red Peony.
Although the first cinema that opened in the USA was in Pennsylvania, Hollywood is well known for film-making. Three quarters of the films seen around the world are made in the USA, and about ninety-nine percent of them are made in Hollywood. The companies there make films in their studios. Do you know the name of the first studio that opened in Hollywood? It was Nestro Studios, which is now a part of Universal studios.

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