一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理.doc

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一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。结构：1.主语＋be动词 2.主语＋动词原形当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es 通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week 等时间状语连用。一般过去时表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态。结构：1.主语＋be动词过去式 2.主语＋动词过去式通常与表示过去的时间状语yesterday, last night ,some years ago, in 1990,in those days.等连用。一般将来时表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态结构：1.主语＋will/shall＋动词原形＋…（第一人称用shall） 2. be going to＋动词原形常与表将来的时间状语tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next Sunday, soon, in a few days等连用。现在进行时表示现在或现在这段时间正在进行的动作结构：主语+be(am, is, are)+ 动词现在分词通常与now, at present 等时间状语连用。过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某阶段时间正在进行的动作结构主语+be (was/were) + 动词现在分词通常与 at 6:00 yesterday, at this/ that time yesterday, when 引导的时间状语等连用。现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响结构主语+ have/has + 动词过去分词通常与下列时间状语连用 up to now, in the past, recently, by… , for 5 years, since 1994, so far, already, yet, ever, just… 第三人称单数变化形式 a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s . come---comes speak---speaks work---works live---lives b)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es. do---does go---goes finish---finishes brush---brushes pass---passes watch---watches c)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es. Study---studies carry-carries cry---cries d)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-s. play---plays stay---stays 动词过去式变化规则。 a)一般情况下的词加-ed. work---worked call----called laugh----laughed finish----finished knock----knocked b)以不发音的字母e结尾的单词直接加-d . live----lived change----changed smoke----smoked die----died drive----drove c)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词，变y为i加-ed. study----studied carry----carried cry----cried try----tried d)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-ed. play----played stay----stayed e)以“一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母”结尾的单词应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加-ed. stop----stopped plan----planned pat----patted 动词现在分词的构成 ① 一般动词直接在词后加-ing do – doing read - reading work – working think – thinking study – studying go – going watch – watching jump - jumping ② 以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词，应先去掉 e 然后加 – ing like – liking take – taking leave – leaving live – living receive – receiving dance – dancing come – coming smoke – smoking write - writing ③ 以“一个元音字母 + 一个辅音字母”结尾的动词，应先双写这个辅音字母然后再加-ing stop – stopping begin – beginning dig – digging swim – swimming run – running sit – sitting (注意：listen – listening open – opening eat – eating rain – raining sleep - sleeping)

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