日本防卫大纲 hf.doc

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(Provisional Translation)

SUMMARY OF NATIONAL DEFENSE PROGRAM GUIDELINES, FY 2011-
国家防卫计划准则之概要，2011年起实施。
Approved by the Security Council and the Cabinet on December 17, 2010
2010年12月17日，安理会和内阁批准。
I. NDPG’s Objective
国家防卫计划准则的目标
II. Basic Principles of Japan’s Security
日本安全之基本原则
III. Security Environment Surrounding Japan
日本周边安全状况
IV. Basic Policies to Ensure Japan’s Security
基本政策确保日本安全
V. Future Defense Forces
未来防卫力量
VI. Basic Foundations to Maximize Defense Capability
防卫能力最大化的基础
VII. Additional Elements for Consideration
附加因素以供考虑
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I. NDPG’s Objective
The Government of Japan sets out the “National Defense Program Guidelines (NDPG), FY 2011-” based on the current security environment surrounding our country.
日本防卫计划大纲的抛出是基于日本周边国家安全状况，该大纲2011年起实施。

II. Basic Principles of Japan’s Security
1. Japan sets out three security objectives: (1) to prevent and reject external threat from reaching Japan; (2) to prevent threats from emerging by improving international security environment; and (3) to secure global peace and stability and to ensure human security.
日本阐明三个安保目标：（1）阻止可及日本的外部威胁；（2）防止通过提升国际安全状况出现的威胁；（3）保卫世界和平和稳定，确保全人类的安全。

2. Japan will achieve these objectives by promoting “Japan’s own efforts (IV-1)”, “cooperation
with the ally (IV-2)” and “multi-layered security cooperation with the international community (IV-3)” in a consolidated manner.
日本将以强化的方式通过不断推进“日本自己的努力”，“与同盟国的合作”以及“与国际社会多层次的安全合作”实现上述目标。

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3. Japan will continue to uphold the fundamental principles of defense policy including the
exclusively defensive defense policy and the three non-nuclear principles.
日本将继续奉行防卫政策的基本原则，包括独特的防御性的防卫政策和三无核原则（对核武器“不制造、不持有、不带入”）。

4. Japan will actively participate in international peace cooperation activities.
日本将积极参与国际和平合作的行动

4. To address the threat of nuclear weapons, Japan will play active role in international nuclear
disarmament and non-proliferation efforts, and will continue to maintain and improve credibility of U.S. extended deterrence, with nuclear deterrent as a vital element, through close cooperation with the U.S.
为应对核威胁，日本将在国际核裁军和核不扩散努力中扮演积极角色，将以核威慑作为及其重要的手段，通过与美国的紧密合作，继续保持和提高美国延伸的威慑力的可靠性。

III. Security Environment Surrounding Japan
1. Number of disputes in the so-called “gray zones” (confrontations over territory, sovereignty and economic interests which have not escalated into wars) is on the increase.
在所谓的“灰色地区”（在领土、主权以及经济利益上有对抗但还没升级到战争）的争议不断增多。

2. Global shift in the balance of power has been brought about by the rise of emerging powers and relative change in the U.S. influence.
由新兴国家和美国影响下的相对变化已经引起了力量平衡的全球性转移。

3. Issues such as the stability of cyberspace, in addition to international terrorism and piracy, have become global security challenges.
诸如互联网的稳定，国际恐怖主义和海盗的问题已经成为对全球安全的挑战。

4. North Korea’s nuclear and missile issues are immediate and grave destabilizing factors to the regional security.
北朝鲜的核和导弹问题是当前区域安全的严重不稳定因素。

5. Military modernization by China and its insufficient transparency are of concern for the
regional and global community.
中国的军事现代化和军事不透明使区域和全世界国家忧虑。

7. Russia’s military activities are increasingly robust.
俄罗斯的军事行动日渐强硬。

8. A full-scale invasion against Japan is unlikely today, but security challenges and destabilizing
factors which Japan faces are diverse, complex and intertwined.
日本遭遇全面入侵的情况在当前不可能发生，但是日本面临的安全挑战和不稳定的因素是多样复杂的，也很纠结。

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IV. Basic Policies to Ensure Japan’s Security
1. Japan’s Own Efforts
(1) Japan will promote seamless effort under normal circumstances and prepare for emergencies.
日本将在常态下提升持续的努力，为紧急状况做好准备。

(2) Japan will improve its ability to collect and analyze information, while strengthening the information security system.
日本将提高收集和分析情报的能力，同时加强本国的信息安全系统。

(3) Japan will make coordinated and integrated response by swiftly making appropriate decisions.
日本将通过迅速做出恰当的决定以作出协调完整的反应。

(4) After evaluating the structure and function of the current security organizations in the Cabinet, Japan will establish a body at the Prime Minister’s Office dedicated to security policy coordination among relevant ministers and advisory to the Prime Minister.
在评估了内阁中当前的安全机构的组成及功能后，日本将在首相办公室成立一个团体，它致力于相关大臣与首相顾问间的安全政策的协调。

(5) Japan will participate in international peace cooperation activities in a more efficient and effective manner. Taking into account the situations in international peace-keeping operations, Japan will discuss how it will participate in future peace-keeping operations, by studying current policies such as the five principles for participating peace-keeping operations, among others.
日本将以更加高效和有效的方式参与国际间和平合作的活动。考虑到国际维和行动，日本将通过研究现有政策，例如参与国际维和行动五原则及其他，商讨如何参与未来的维和行动。

(6) Japan will build “Dynamic Defense Force” which supersedes “the Basic Defense Force Concept”, the latter being a concept that aims to secure deterrence by the ‘existence’ per-se of defense capability.
日本将建立“动态防御力量”，以取代“基本防卫力量概念”，后者是旨在通过“现存”的防卫能力确保威慑力。

(7) “Dynamic Defense Force” will increase the credibility of Japan’s deterrent capability by promoting timely and active ‘operations’. It will also enable Japan to play active roles in various occasions such as international peace cooperation activities.
“动态防卫力量”将通过推进及时有效的行动提高日本威慑能力的可靠性。

2. Cooperation with the Ally
(1) The Japan-U.S. Alliance is indispensable in ensuring for Japan’s peace and security.
美日联盟是确保日本和平与安全必不可少的。

(2) Japan will continue to engage in strategic dialogue with the United States to further enhance and develop the Japan-U.S. Alliance.
日本将继续和美国进行战略性对话以加强和改善美日联盟。
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(3) Japan will promote cooperation with the United States in new areas such as cyber space security, in addition to the existing cooperation.
日本将推进与美国在诸如互联网的新领域的合作，以及现存固有的合作。

(4) Japan will reduce the impact in local communities where U.S. military bases are located, while maintaining the deterrent provided by the U.S. military.
日本将在维持美军提供保护的同时，减少美军基地对其所在的当地社会的影响。

3. Multi-layered Security Cooperation with the International Community
(1) Japan will strengthen the network of security cooperation through bilateral and multilateral frameworks in the Asia-Pacific region.
日本将通过双边和多边框架在亚太地区加强安全合作网。

(2) Japan will enhance security cooperation with countries such as the Republic of Korea, Australia, ASEAN countries and India.
日本将与如下国家加强安全合作，棒子，袋鼠，阿三和东盟国家。

(3) Japan will promote confidence and cooperation with China and Russia.
日本将推动与中国和俄罗斯的互相与合作。

(4) Japan will also enhance cooperation with EU, NATO and European countries on global security issues.
日本也将与欧盟，北约和其他欧洲国家在安全问题上加强合作。

V. Future Defense Forces
1. Roles of Defense Capabilities
(1) Effective deterrence and response (e.g. ensuring security in the sea and airspace surrounding Japan, responding to an attack on Japan’s offshore islands.)
有效的威慑和反应（例如：确保日本周边的海疆和空域的安全，对攻击日本离岸岛屿的反应）。

(2) Efforts to further stabilize the security environment of Asia-Pacific region.
致力于亚太地区安全状况更加稳定。

(3) Efforts to improve global security environment.
致力于改善全球安全状况。

2. Self-Defense Force: Force Posture
In order to perform the roles of the defense forces in an effective manner, new force posture provide for, among others, increased readiness and smoother joint operations.
为了自卫队有效地执行任务，设立新的队伍以应对增长的战备需求以及更加顺利的联合军事行动。
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3. Self-Defense Force: Organization, Equipment and Force Disposition
(1) While reducing Cold War-style equipments and organizations, priority functions, including those in southwestern Japan, will be enhanced.
在减少冷战式的装备和机构的同时，将加强优先作用的机构，包括日本西南海域。（此举针对中国，为媒体广为报道）

(2) Budget allocation among three services of the Self-Defense Forces will be subject to across-the-board review.
自卫队三军的预算发放将根据全面的审查。

(3) To hedge against full-scale invasion, relevant knowledge and expertise will be maintained at a minimum necessary level.
为避免全面的入侵，相关的知识和专家将维持在最低需求的水平。

(4) Enhanced joint operations, improved capabilities during contingencies in off-shore island areas, improved capabilities for international peace cooperation activities, etc.
加强联合军事行动，提高应对离岸海岛区域的意外事件的能力，提高国际和平合作的行动能力，等等。

(5) Details of organization, equipment and disposition of Ground Self-Defense Force, Maritime Self-Defense Force and Air Self-Defense Force are provided in the NDPG.
陆上自卫队，海军陆战队和空中自卫队的机构、装备和分布的详细资料在防卫大纲中给出。

VI. Basic Foundations to Maximize Defense Capability
(1) Japan will utilize human resources of Self-Defense Forces more effectively and reform its personnel system by such measures as reviewing rank and age distribution.
日本将更有效的利用自卫队的人力资源，并通过像视级别和年龄分配这样的方式对人事机构进行改革。

(2) Japan will procure equipments more efficiently by improving its contract and procurement system.
日本将通过改善其合同和采购系统更高效的获得装备。

(3) Japan will set out medium- and/or long-term strategy to maintain and develop defense production capability and technological base.
日本将阐明中期和（或）长期策略以维持发展国防生产能力和技术基础。

(4) Japan will study measures to follow the international trend of defense equipment.
日本将研究措施以跟随国际防卫装备的趋势。

VII. Additional Elements for Consideration
The timeframe this NDPG envisions is approximately 10 years. The NDPG would be subject to review and revision as necessary in accordance with major changes in the surrounding environment.
此份防卫大纲的时限预计大约10年。根据周边环境发生重大变化，如有需要，此大纲将重新审查和修改。