BEC词汇汇总2.doc

BEC词汇（G）
G
gap [ ^Ap ] (n.) hole, unfilled space（市场）空白，缺口
[例] There’s a gap in the market.

gearing [ 5^iEriN ] (n.) The ratio of a company's long-term funds with fixed interest to its total capital 联动比率
[例] A high gearing is generally considered very speculative.

gimmick [ 5^imik ]1. (n.) an attractive and clever idea诀窍
[例] He is a smart boy to think of this gimmick.
2.(n.) an innovative stratagem or scheme employed especially to promote a project吸引人的噱头，创新的计策或计划，尤指促进一计划
[例] an advertising gimmick.

globalization [9^lEJbElaI`zeIFEn;-lI`z-] (n.) to make worldwide全球化
[例] The globalization of economy is a trend at present and in the future.

GM (general manager) 总经理
[例] My goal is to climb up the executive ladder of our company to the position of GM.

goal [ ^Eul ] (n.) aim, objective目标
[例] The goal is too high to achieve.

going [ 5^EuiN ] (adj.) active, running现有的
[例] This business is a going concern.

going rate (n.) market price for a product时价
[例] The going rate is negotiable only when you will order a great quantity.

goods [ ^udz ] (n.) products/items for sale货物

goodwill = integrity [^Jd5wIl] (n.) good reputation of a business/intangible asset connected to customer base, track record etc商誉,诚信
[例] Goodwill is some kind of very important invisible assets.

go public (v.) to offer a company’s shares for sale on the stock market for the first time股票上市
[例] Our company’ shares will go public next month.

go-slow (n) working more slowly than usual as a protest 怠工
[例] In order to ameliorate their working condition, the union organized a go-slow.

grade [ ^reid ]1.(v.) divide into steps or levels分级
[例] We’ve graded the applicants according to our preferences.
2. (n.) level等级

grievance [ 5^ri:vEns ] (n.) complaint by worker to management牢骚
[例] Many workers show grievance to their boss.
[同义词] grumble, complaint

gross [ ^rEus ] (adj.) total, with no reductions总的
[例] Gross profit is sales minus direct costs.

gross margin percentage difference between sales and direct cost of sales毛利率

gross profit profit calculated as sales less direct cost of sales毛利

group [ ^ru:p ] (n.) several companies joined together集团
[例] The group profits were down in the last year.

growth [ ^rEuW ] (n.) increase in size增长

guarantee [7^ArEn5ti:]1. (n.) a promise or an assurance, especially one given in writing, that attests to the quality or durability of a product or service（质量） 保证书
[例] The new television had a guarantee with it.
[同义词] warranty, guaranty
2.（v）to assume responsibility for the quality or performance of承担（品质）保证[例] Each item is unconditionally guaranteed for 6 months.
[同义词] warrant, certify, pledge

guidance [ 5^aidEns ] (n.) the act or process of guiding指导
[例] guidance in designing
[同义词] direction, instruction

guidelines (n. pl) suggestions about how to do something指南，方针
[例] We have read the guidelines and feel that they are acceptable.

guru [ 5^uru: ] (n.) a recognized leader in a field（行业）领袖，巨头
[例] Bill Gates is the guru in the IT world.

BEC词汇（H）
H

haggle (v) to bargain, as over the price of something讨价还价
[例] He preferred to be overcharged than to haggle.

hand (n.): in hand现有 ready
[例] Cash in hand is kept in reserve for daily expenses.

handbook [ 5hAnd7buk ] (n.) a concise manual or reference book providing specific information or instruction about a subject or place手册

hand in (v.) deliver by hand交上

hand in one’s notice (v.) resign辞职
[例] I’ve heard that three more employees are going to hand in their notice in May.

handle [ 5hAndl ] (v.) deal with something处理
[例] We can easily handle more business.

hands -on (adj.) by direct experience亲身经历的
[例] He judged it by hands-on experience.

hard sell (n.) aggressive selling强行推销
[例] Hard sell is unfair to consumers.

haulage [5hC:lidV ](n) the act or process of hauling 拖运
[例]a haulage company

hazard [ 5hAzEd ] (n.) danger危险
[例] New technologies are continually being introduced that create new hazards not covered by existing laws.

head (v.) be the head of, be in charge of领导
[例] The department is headed by me as personnel director.
[同义词] lead, direct, control

header paper (n) writing paper with the name, address and telephone number of an company printed at the top带信头的信纸
[例] In our correspondence , we usually use headed paper.

headhunt (v) to look for someone for a job or position猎头
[例] The firm is headhunting some talented young men for this project.

headquarters [ 5hed7kwC:tEz ] (n.) a center of operations or administration总部
[例] The company has its headquarters in the suburbs.

health and safety (n.) measures taken by a company to protect its employees工厂健康安全措施

hedge [ hedV ] (n.) protection, security套头，两面下注以避免损失
[例] Hedging can help offset the constant rise and fall in the price of commodities traded.

hidden [ 5hidn ] (adj.) not declared, not obvious隐藏的，灰色的
[例] There are certain hidden costs.
[同义词] secret, concealed

hire [ 5haiE ] (v.) take on a paid worker, employ雇佣
[例] Make sure you hire people with the aptitude and potential to do the job.
hire purchase (n.) method of buying something by paying over an extended period分期付款购买.

hit [ hit ] (v.) reach a target实现目标
[例] We hit the target audience.
[同义词] reach, attain, achieve

hold [ hEuld ] (v.) own拥有
[例] The chairman holds 45% of the shares.

holder [ 5hEuldE ] (n.) person who owns something持有者
[例] holders of shares in the company

holding company (n.) company which acts only as a legal entity for owning shares in subsidiary companies控股公司
[例] The infeasible decision made by the holding company led to great loss of its subsidiary companies.

hostile [ 5hCstail ] (adj.) unfriendly敌视的
[例] a hostile takeover bid
[同义词] opposed, contrary, antagonistic

HRD (n.) (=Human Resources Development) activities to develop the organisation’s workforce人力资源开发

human resources (n.) workforce of an organization人力资源
[例] Human resources management can also reflect the company culture.

hype [ haip ] (n.) exaggerated statements in advertising大肆宣传
[例] We should not use hype in advertising to cheat our customers.

BEC词汇（J）
J
jargon [ 5dVB:^En ] (n.) the specialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group行话，术语
[例] business jargon
[同义词] lingo

jet lag delayed physical effects of tiredness, etc felt after a long flight by plane 飞机时差反应

jobbing [ 5dVCbiN ] (n.) system of production for one-off or small orders 做零活的
[例] He is now acting as a jobbing printer.

job description written statement of what the job holder actually does, how he or she does it, and under what conditions the job is performed职位描述

job lot (n.) small number of a particular part or product that is produced at one time货品(整批的)
[例] How many are the job lot produced this time?

job mobility ability to move from one place to another to take up or perform a job工作机动性，工作变动
[例] Several days ago she got a job mobility from AVON to LOREAL.

job rotation movement between departments within an organization岗位轮换
[例] Job rotation aims to familiarize the trainees with the problems of each department.

job satisfaction feeling of contentment from doing a job well工作满意度
[例] In pursuing mass media, I get a full job satisfaction.

job shop (n.) department or workshop organized around a particular piece of equipment or a particular operation加工车间
[例] You should have done it in that job shop.

joint [ dVCint ] (adj.) combined, shared between two or more parties合办的
[例] Since 1980’s, more and more joint ventures have established in China which employed millions of local intellects.
[同义词] combined, united, joined

joint bank account bank account of two or more people共同银行帐户
[例] The couple opened a joint bank account.

joint venture (n.) agreement between two or more companies to cooperate in a large business project合资
[例] It belongs to a joint venture company.

journal [ 5dVE:nl ] (n.) professional magazine期刊
[例] 3 years’ reading of economical journal benefits me a lot.
[同义词] periodical

jump (v) (of amounts, prices, values ) to move suddenly upward暴涨
[例] In that inflation, prices of most commodities jumped.

junk bonds (n.pl) bonds raised as debentures against the security of a company about to be taken over后保债券

junk mail (n.) direct mail advertising which is unrequested and unwanted邮寄宣传品(通常为人们不需要的)
[例] This is a junk mail that cannot be delivered properly.

jurisdiction [ 7dVuEris5dikFEn ] (n.) legal power权限
[例] They have the jurisdiction to supervise you.
[同义词] authority

just-in-time (n.) system to keep inventory at minimum level by having material arrive at each operation just in time to be used零库存管理
[例] Just-in-time system reduces the cost of stock and increases the flexibility of management

K
key [ ki: ] (adj.) important, main重要的，主要的
[例] This client is a key account；key points

kickback (n) a return of a percentage of a sum of money already received, typically as a result of pressure, coercion, or a secret agreement 回扣
[例] He was charged with receiving kickbacks from local businessmen.

knockdown [ 5nCk5daun ] (adj.) (of prices) very low(价格)极低的
[例] You buy the right for its knockdown price.

knowhow/know-how (n.) knowledge about how something works, expertise专有知识
[例] She is such a quick learner that she has grasped all the knowhow of her job in just 2 weeks.
[同义词] expertise

BEC词汇（M）
M
magazine [ 7mA^E5zi:n ] (n.) regular news or special interest publication often printed on glossy paper with many photographs杂志

mailshot (n.) direct mailing related to a particular product or service邮寄广告
[例] The mailshot really interests those well-off families.

maintain [ men5tein ] (v.) keep going维持
[例] We must maintain our market share.
[同义词] keep up, retain, conserve

maintenance [ 5meintinEns ] (n.) keeping things working维持
[例] The after-sales team work on maintenance of the products.
[同义词] conservation, preservation, upkeep

major [ 5meidVE ] (adj.) important, bigger, biggest主要的
[例] The major shareholder has 35% of the shares.
[同义词] chief, main, supreme

majority shareholding more than 50% of the shares主要股权，大股东

make [ meik ] (n.) brand or type of product品牌
[例] a famous make of shirt.
[同义词] brand, model

manage [ 5mAnidV ] (v.) control and be in charge of管理
[例] to manage a sales office
[同义词] administer, direct, run

management [ 5mAnidVmEnt ] (n.) 1. controlling and running a business or part of a business管理
[例] management by objectives
2. group of people who control an organization管理层
[同义词] executive, board, directors

managerial [ 7mAnE5dViEriEl ] (adj.) of, relating to, or characteristic of a manager or management管理的
[例] managerial roles

mark down (v) to reduce the price of goods to encourage sales 减价
[例]　In the promotion campaign , the hyper-market was marking down all the prices of the goods.

mass media (n) ways of spreading news and information to the greatest number of people , eg by television, radio or newspapers 大众传媒
[例]　She got full financial aid to study in UBC , majoring in Mass Media.

mass production (n.) the manufacture of goods in large quantities, often using standardized designs and assembly-line techniques 大批量生产
[例] Mass production reduces unit cost substantially, reflecting the advantage of economy of scale.

master (n) an original, especially an original audio recording, from which copies can be made 原版，母带
[例]　This is the master, and keep it for future reference.

middle management (n.) department managers中层管理者

senior management (n.) top managers高级经理

manager [ 5mAnidVE ] (n.) person who manages an organization or part of it经理
[同义词] administrator, executive, director

plant manager (n.) factory manager工厂经理

line manager (n.) manager who is in charge of accomplishing the basic goals of the organization生产经理
[例] All the sales performance will be reported to your line manager monthly.

management accounts (n. pl) financial information (sales, costs, profits, cash-flow, etc.) prepared for managers管理帐目

manpower [ 5mAnpauE ] (n.) total number of workers for a certain type of work or for an area人力
[同义词] worke-force

manpower resources (n.) manpower available人力资源
[例] The factory is lacking in manpower resources.

manual [ 5mAnjuEl ] (adj.) using the hands手工的
[例] Manual employees are usually represented by different unions from white-collar employees.
[同义词] physical, hand-operated

manufacture [ 7mAnju5fAktFE ] (v.) make a product using machines生产
[例] Europe has a traditional advantage in manufacturing machines.
[同义词] produce, fabricate, assemble
manufacturer [ 7mAnju5fAktFErE ] (n.) company which produces products制造商

manufacturing [ 7mAnju5fAktFEriN ] (n.) process of producing制造
[例] manufacturing industry

margin [ 5mB:dVin ] (n.) difference between sale price and cost price利润
[例] Margin leaves the space for the dealers to pursue profits.

gross margin difference between manufacturing cost and sale price毛利

net margin difference between total cost (inc. overheads) and sale price净利

make-to-order (adj.) referring to products which are made after receipt of the customer’s order

make-to-stock (adj.) referring to products that are made before a customer order is placed; ‘off-the-shelf’

manning [ 5mAniN ] (n.) organization of workers needed for a job人员配备
[例] Manning refers to a specific organization of workers need for a job.

markup [`mB:kQp] (n.) amount added to the cost price to reach the sale price加价，毛利
[例] the retailer’s mark-up

market (n.) 1. place where a product can be sold市场
[例] Our company has occupied the biggest market shares in the similar productions.
[同义词] market-place, mart, bazaar
2. possible sales of a product销售.
(v.) to sell 销售market one’s products

market leader dominant company in the market市场领导者

market niche A focused, targetable part of a market

marketing mix (n.) combination of different marketing elements such as price, promotion, product, etc.销售组合

market penetration (n.) amount a product sells in a market畅销度

market segmentation (n.) division of the market into consumer groups市场分割

market share`(n.) percentage of a total market which one company or product holds市场占有率

up market (adj & adv.) luxury end of the market高端市场的

down market (adj & adv) cheep end of the market低端市场的

master production schedule (n.) document which shows what a company expects to manufacture生产计划表[例] You can find out what this company expects to manufacture in its master production schedule.

material requirements planning (MRP) (n.) technique to calculate the materials which will be needed材料需求计划

synthetic materials (n) man-made materials 人工合成材料
[例]　It hope to be making 200 million of its synthetic cor