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必修一Unit1Friendship.doc

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高考英语第一轮复习 必修一 Unit 1 Friendship 单元要点预览(旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点) 词汇 部分 词语 辨析 1. calm / quiet / silent / still 2. join / join in / take part in / attend 词形 变化 1. ignore vt. 忽视 ignorance n. 无知 ignorant adj.无知的 2. dusk n. 黄昏; 傍晚 dusky adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的 3. add v.  添加; 增加 addition  n.  加, 附加 additional adj.  添加的;附加的 重点 单词 1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的,不安的;不适的 vt. (upset, upset) 2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心,关注;(利害)关系 3. settle vi. 安家; 定居;停留vt. 使定居,安家;解决 4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受;忍受;经历 5. disagree vi. 不同意 重点 词组 1. add up合计 2. go through 经历;经受 3. on purpose 故意 4. get along with 与某人相处;(工作的) 进展 5. in order to 为了…… 重点句子 1. Mother asked her if / whether she was very hot with so many clothes on. 2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 3. … it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face. 重点语法 直接引语和间接引语 (见语法部分) 语言要点(模块) Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. calm / quiet / silent / still 【解释】 calm 天气、水、水面(表风平浪静);(指人时)表示镇定自如。 quiet 表“宁静”、“安静”、“寂静”,侧重没有响声,没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和,文静。 silent 表“沉默”、“不发言”、“不说话”,常常表示人不爱说话,沉默无语。 still “不动的”,指人时侧重一动不动,;指物时指完全没有声音,突出静止不动。 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo. 2). Why do you keep __________? 3). Everything was ___________. 4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy. 答案: 1). still 2). silent 3). quiet 4). calm 2. join / join in / take part in / attend 【解释】 join 表示参加组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等 join in 表示参加游戏、活动等;join sb. (in sth.) 表(和某人一起)做某事 take part in表示参与、参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗、斗争、运动、庆祝等 attend 主要指出席、参加会议、婚礼;听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等;上学、教堂 【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空 1). Can I ___________ the game? 2). Did you ____________ the fighting? 3). He __________ the army last year. 4). A lot of people __________ her wedding. 答案: 1). join in 2). take part in 3). joined 4)attended Ⅱ.词性变化 (旨在提供语法填空所需材料) 1. ignore vt. 忽视 ignorance n. 无知 ignorant adj.无知的 2. dusk n. 黄昏; 傍晚 dusky. adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的 3. add v.  添加; 增加 addition  n.  加, 附加 additional adj.  添加的;附加的 Ⅲ.重点词汇 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料) 1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的,不安的;不适的 vt. (upset, upset) [重点用法] be upset by… 被…… 打乱 upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼 2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心,关注;(利害)关系 [典例] 1). The news concerns your brother. 这消息与你兄弟有关。 2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents. 那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。 3). That's no concern of mine. 那不关我的事。 [重点用法] as / so far as … be concerned 关于;至于;就……而言 be concerned about 关心 be concerned at / over sth. 为某事忧虑 be concerned in sth. 牵涉到,与……有关,参与 3. settle vi. 安家;定居;停留 vt. 使定居,安家;解决 [重点用法] settle down 镇定下来 settle in 在…定居 settle this problem 4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受;忍受;经历 [典例] 1). Do you suffer from headaches? 你常头痛吗? 2). She's suffering from loss of memory. 她患有遗忘症。 [重点用法] suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛﹑ 不适﹑ 悲伤等; 受苦; 吃苦头: 5. disagree vi. 不同意 [重点用法] disagree with sb/what sb says/sb's decision 不同意某人的观点[某人的话/某人的决定] Ⅳ.重点词组 (旨在提供综合运用所需材料) 1. add up 加起来 [短语归纳] add 补充道 add (…) to …. (把什么)加入…中 add to 增加,增添 add up to … 加起来是 2. go through 经历;经受 [短语归纳] go after追求,追赶 go ahead前进;请说(做)吧 go by走过,(时间)过去 go along with向前,(与……)一起去 go in for爱好,从事 go out外出;(灯,火)熄灭 go over越过;复习 go up爬上,(价格等)上升 3.on purpose 故意,有目的地 [短语归纳] do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事 on purpose 表示故意地、有企图、有目的地 4. get along with 与某人相处;(工作的) 进展 [短语归纳] get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与……相处得好/不好,……进展顺利/不顺利 get away离开,逃离 get down下来;写下,取下 get down to (doing)开始认真干…… get over克服,摆脱 get through通过,做完 get together聚集 5. in order to… 为了……(可置于句首或句中) [短语归纳] in order that… 以便……(后跟句子) so that…以便……(后跟句子) so as to为了……(只能置于句中,不能置于句首) Ⅴ.重点句子 (旨在提供句子结构等所需材料) 1. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on. 妈妈问她穿那么多衣服是不是很热。 [解释] with复合结构: with + 宾语+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases 由“介词with+宾语+宾语补足语” 构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语,表示背景情况,为方式,原因或条件等,另外,该结构也可以作为定语使用。下面简述几种情况: 1) 如果在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的,构成主谓关系,该分词用现在分词形式。 2) 如果分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系,该分词用过去分词形式。 3) 宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语,形容词或副词来充当。 [典例] 1.with + 宾语 + 副词,如: The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on (= while all the lights are on). With his parents away (= As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naughty. 2.with + 宾语 + 介词短语,如: The teacher came in with a book in his hand (= while a book was in his hand). The girl looked up with tears in her eyes (= while tears were in her eyes). 3.with + 宾语 + 现在分词,如: With summer corning (= As summer is corning), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter. With the teacher standing beside (= As the teacher was standing beside),she felt a bit uneasy. 4.with + 宾语 + 过去分词,如: With the work done (= As the work had been done), she felt greatly relieved. With his hair cut (= As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger. 5.with + 宾语 + 不定式,如: With her to go with us (= As she will go with us), we're sure to have a pleasant journey. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term(= As Mr Smith will teach them English) , they will be greatly improved in spoken English. 2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do … 我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐…… [解释] as引导的从句为比较状语从句,意为“像大多数人那么做”。 as 用作连词,可引导下列状语从句: 1). 引导状语从句,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语的同时性 As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening. 随着他年纪越来越大,他失去了对所有事物的兴趣,除了园艺。 2). 引导让步状语从句,表示“尽管,虽然,即使”(从句需倒装) Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt. 尽管天气冷,我哥只穿了一件衬衫。 3). 引导方式状语从句,表示“以……方式”。 Why didn’t you take the medicine as I told you to? 为什么你没有按我说的服这药? 4). 引导原因状语从句 (=since; because),“由于,因为”。 As you were not there, I left a message. 因为当时你不在那,所以我给你留了便条。 5) 引导比较状语从句。 She is as tall as you. 她和你一样高。 3. It is/was the…time that… ……第几次…… 课文佳句背诵与仿写 (旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力) 1.【原句】I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事情都无比狂热。 [模仿要点] 句子结构: wonder +if 表语从句 + so …that从句 【模仿1】我不知道是否因为我的卤莽使得史密夫先生对我这么生气。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 2.【原句】I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. (定语从句) 我记得非常清楚,以前,湛蓝的天空,鸟儿的歌唱,月光和鲜花,从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里,这一切都变了。 [模仿要点] 句子结构: It is/was a time when …There is /was a time when…This/That is/was a time when… 【模仿1】我还记得这对他来说是一个艰难的时期,他遭受到了身心的打击。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 【原句】It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face. 这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。 [模仿要点] 句子结构: It is/was the first (second…) time that sb + 现在完成时/过去完成时:这是某人第几次做某事 【模仿1】这是我们第一次面对面地谈论到这件事情。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 答案:It is the first time that we have talked about this issue face to face. 第 5 页 共 5 页
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