高考英语完形填空题型解码.doc

高考英语完形填空题型解码完形填空选项分类1四个同义词、近义词或词组。四个选项的词义基本相同或相近，如：idea，view，suggestion，opinion等都表示“观点”的意思。2四个同一范畴的词或词组。 四个选项的词义既不相反也不相同，但同属于一个范畴，如：bread，sandwich，hamburger，cake都是表示“食品”的名词。3四个意义相对独立的词或词组。四个选项的词义既不相反也不相同，也不属于一个范畴，如：eat，take, run, cry。 4意义相同或相反词义混杂的词或词组。四个选项中出现相同或相反的现象，如：troubles, difficulties, pleasure, ease(其中，troubles和difficulties意思相同，但它们与ease意义相同，但它们与ease意义相反，而pleasure的意思又和ease不相干) 完形填空解题绝招补空阅读方法：(1)在阅读短文之前，先扫一眼20个选项，随手在同义词、近义词或同范畴的词的选项上做上记号(这个工作大约花1-2分钟)。(2)在阅读的过程中，遇到做记号的同义词或近义词选项就按自己理解的方向随便挑一个选项补在空内，再继续往下阅读。记住：不要顾忌所挑的选项是否正确，因为此时只是“利用”而不是“确定”。(3)对同一范畴的选项要谨慎利用(视这类词在文章中的位置而定，如果它们处在文章的细节 部分则可以大胆利用)。例1She attended the test of TOEFL as a middle-school student and 42 it with a good mark，which shows us her great 43 in Engish learning( )42Apassed Bgot C1earned Dtook( )43Askills Btalent Cmind Dexperience例2So it is foolish for 46 to extend their living 47 by destroying or 48 animals andplants living conditions( )46Apeople Bmankind Chumans Dpersons( )47Aspace Bplace Croom Darea( )48Areducing Bnarrowing Cspending Ddestroying对付四个同义词、近义词或同一范畴词的招数 在完形填空题中用同义词、近义词、同一范畴的词以及四个意义相对独立的词或词组等来设置选项已在各类考试中成为趋势。2004年高考英语试题的完形填空20个选项中有10个空是属于这一类词。因此，掌握了破解这类选项的办法，解答完形填空便得心应手。第一招 看涵盖，比大小 在同义词或近义词中找答案，不能指望上下文里提供某个信息或证据来帮你。即便是有信息，这种信息一般也只出现在选项所在的句子里，所以对付这样的选项，“上下求索”只会浪费时问。四个选项的意思虽然相同或相近，但它们所涵盖的内容有大有小，考生可以根据情况加以选择。 注意：从第一招开始至第六招，例题中只提供与本招数有关的答案，如不提供，旨在让读者在上下文信息不完整的状态下独立用该招数理解或完成该题。 例l 2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(辽宁卷) Scott and his four companions were terribly disappointedWhen they got to the South Pole，they found the Norwegians(挪威人)had 36 them in the race to be the first ever to reach it ( )36Ahit Bfought Cwon Dbeaten (同一范畴的词) 例2 2004年湖北省高考英语试题完形填空 The 22-year-old student 37 to stop her car by the side of the road in the winter night and opened the trunk ( )37Aafforded Bwanted Callowed Dmanaged (同一范畴的词) 例3 2003年高考英语试题完形填空 When the game finally ended，both of us were lying flat on our backs，too tired to 54 ( )54Aplay Bstart Csleep Dmove (同一范畴的词)例4We consider that Miss Zhous 49 to Canada is very important and necessary for our schoolto 50 to open the courses of China-Canada DoubleRecord of Formal Schooling ( )49Ajourney Btrip Ctour Dtravel (同义词)例5First of all，people should know that the World is formed by different 42 including human beings( )42Aanimals Bbirds Ccreatures Dplants (同一范畴的词)例6I can speak to the 44 that Lin Chen works hard and has a good method in studiesShe is able to 45 independently and analytically，( )45Awrite Bthink Cread Dspeak (同一范畴的词)注意：不能把这一招理解成“谁的涵盖量最大就填谁”。根据需要选择是关键。例7I think the skills(not advice)for reading comprehension should be based on the knowledge of English 48 ( )48Aspeaking Bwriting C1earning D1istening (同一范畴的词)例8Her quick 47 in class，unique answers to the teachersquestions and good understanding to the lessons often 48 the students to have further discussions or debates on the text 49 ( )47Aactions Bresponses Cspeeches Dexpressions (近义词) 例9 2006年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(湖北卷) Most of what she knew about American 37 was from the textbooks she had read( )37Away B1ife Ceducation Dspirit第一招 看涵盖，比大小 演练根据选项单词的涵盖量，结合句子意思，选择正确选项。(本完形填空练习不需要上下文的帮助)1Chinese people called“yu” and time“zhou” Aplace Bstars Cthe sun Dspace2So people first have to know about the earth for a better_ and development Afamily Bjob C1iving D1esson3Humans will have to develop new space to increase and develop more social_ Aactivities Bexercises Cproblems Ddiscussions4Anybody running a company knows that a wellplanned meeting can greatly help improve the performance of that _Aemployment Bjobs Cbusiness Dsale5Years ago while lying in my hammock(吊床)and _soft drinks from the bottle，I felt happy Ahaving Bdrinking Ceating Dmaking6By this，students not only display their_，but also learn and practice English with great funAwork Bplan Cability Dexercise7 but give them some background in _ and history as wellAgeography Bculture Carts Dscience8He says it is by far the _thing he has ever done in his lifeAbest Beasiest Cbiggest Dgreatest9My mother remarried shortly afterwards，and this man was my dad until 1 was nineteenI called him Dad and used his name a11 through_ Aschool B1essons Cclasses Dterms10I am twenty now and no longer_at home, Asleeping Bplaying Cstaying Dliving11This was their last exam then on to the _ceremony and jobs Aeducation Bschool Cgraduation Dopening12With all they studied during the four years of college，they felt ready and able to conquer the_.Anations Bworld Cnature Dearth13There are still many things about the _you dont know Aclass B1esson Cunit Dsubject14You will all pass this course，but remember even though you are now college graduates your _has just begun Aeducation Bjob Ccareer Dcourse15We，the Iraqi people，who have_so much，feel helpless when we see these things. Asuffered Binjured Cdied Dwounded16In the last three months，there have been several attacks in Iraq causing heavy damage. Not only were US troops_，but also UN buildings and workers. Aagainst Baimed Ctargeted Dpointed at17Such is human_，that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white-collar workers. Aquality Bpersonality Cnature Dability18He will be_half as much as he used to，but he feels that his rise in status is well worth the loss of money Ataking Bhaving Cmaking Dearning19The city at one time must have been prosperous，for it enjoyed a high level of _. Aeducation Bintroduction Cindustry Dcivilization20Experts confirmed that a puma would not attack a human unless it is _. Acornered Bthreatened Cfrightened Dhunted21The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered，for she went down on her first _with heavy loss of lifeAsail Bvoyage Cjourney Dtour 22Customs Officers are quite tolerant these days， but they can still stop you when you are going through the Green Channel and have nothing to_. Asay Breport Cdeclare Dclaim23She tried to explain the _，saying“Its only me，but its too late. Acase Bsituation Coccasion Dchance24. The bridge is so long that the_of the earth had to be taken into account by its designer. Ashape Bsize Coutlook Dstructure25Above the _ of the water，the towers rise to a height of nearly 700 feet. They support the cables from which the bridge has been suspended A1ine B1evel Csurface Dheight26Certainly, during examinations teachers and students are expected to _like machines A1earn Bread Canswer Dact27He found that cool weather is much more favorable for creative_thatAmind Bidea Cthinking Dmood28You may only want to take good photographs of_and placesIf so，we can help you to get better results Afaces Bheads Cappearances Dbodies29We are writing a descriptive essay when we describe the_of an object Asize Bshape Cweight Dappearance30An argumentative essay tries to make the 1 agree with its point of view and support it， to persuade him to change his mind or 2 , and to approve a policy or a course of action that it proposes. 1Apeople Bwriter Creader Daudience 2Abehavior Bmovement Caction Dwork第二招 看主语，比宾语 有些词，特别是及物动词或短语，谈不上谁涵盖谁，如：have，make，do，take；invent，create，produce，make；say，talk，speak，tell；trust，believe，think，consider；spend，cost，take，use；reply，answer，response，explain；allow，admit，let，permit等。采取比较意义涵盖大小的方式来区别这类词是不行的，比较灵验的办法是通过观察它们的主语或比较它们的宾语来确定正确选项。例1 2005年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(辽宁卷) After 37 the British flag at the Pole，they took a photograph of themselves 38 they started the 950 mile journey back ( )37Agrowing Bputting Cplanting D1aying (同一范畴的词) 例2 2004年湖北省高考英语试题完形填空 Two weeks later she 52 to find her o1d car cleaned inside and out with three new tires and the radio 53 . ( )53A1oaded Bfixed Ctied Drebuilt (同一范畴的词) 例3 2003年高考英语试题完形填空 So when Ed 45 for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt gathered inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could hardly 46 , ( )46Anotice Badmire Cbelieve Dmeasure (同一范畴的词)例4 For example，the modem buildings，the chemical fertilizer use，the vehicles 37 petrol andman-made reservoirs and dams play great important roles in peoples 38 .( )37Ahaving Bcarrying Cburning Dusing (近义词) 例5Her quick 47 in class，unique answers to the teachers questions and good understandingto the lessons often 48 the students to have further discussions or debates on the text 49 . She also does well in physical 50 . In short，she is one of the most promising students I have ever known( )48Aencourages Bimproves Ccalls Ddevelops 例6I hope you can do what you may be able to for Lin ChenAnd I believe she will do as she is doing now in our school once she is 55 to your college( )55Aallowed Badmitted Clet Dpermitted 例7 2006年普通高等学校招生统一考试英语(湖北卷) In the city of Fujisawa，Japan，lives a woman named Atsuko SaekiWhen she was a teenager，she 36 of going to the United States( )36A1earned Bspoke Cdreamed Dheard第二招 看主语，比宾语演练 观察下面句中选项的主语、谓语和宾语以及它们之间的关系，选择正确选项。(本完形填空练习不需要上下文的帮助)1The American National Football Team says it aims to _for the championship(冠军)of the 2010 World Cup Alook Btake Ccompete Dask2In a top playersmatch，the American Team_by one to two Alost Bmiss Cdisappeared Dsuffer3A pen and paper were provided and the President carefully began writing down what the young man was able to_ Aspeak Btell Ctalk Dsay4Two great towers_four huge cablesThe towers are built on immense underwater platform made of steel and concrete Ahelp Bsupport Cprovide Draise5He_it as“a very agreeable situation located within two small hills in the midst of which flowed a great river” Apainted Btold Cdescribed Dreported6Aleko_taking it and led Dimitri into his backyard Adenied Brefused Crejected Dneglected7George was not too upset by his_because the lady who owns the sweet shop heard about his troubles and rewarded him with a large box of chocolates Astory Bexperience Cpast D1egend8that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work_by gangsters Ahurt Bdamaged Cdestroyed Ddefeated9Not wanting to_the poor man，MrsRichards quickly hid in the small storeroom under the stairs A. hurt Bfrighten Cfear Dtrouble10He had some time to_and he decided it would be a good idea to have a haircut Aspend Bkill Cuse Dtake11In order to gain your degree you must_six passes Amaster Bmanage Cobtain Dreceive12It_all you need to know about choosing your course ， Acarries Btakes Cadds Dcontains13People who work in the offices are frequently_to as“whitecollar workers” for the simple reason that they usually wear a collar and tie to go to work Athought Bmade Creferred Dregarded14Editors of newspapers and magazines often go to extremes to_their readers with unim- portant facts and statistics Agive Bshow Csupply Dprovide15The silence was suddenly_when a large car，with its headlights on and its horn blaring，roared down the arcade Adestroyed Bdamaged Cbroken Dtorn16Perhaps we will_a new history when beginning to farm the sea Afind Bbegin Copen Ddiscover17Some scientists say that we will_fish like plants in the field Aplant Braise Cfeed Dgrowl 8The United States will_a new and comprehensive exam for students who seek to study in America and other Englishspeaking countries Asuggest Bcarry Cadvise Dintroduce19The strong wind_the fire to thousands of camps in just a moment Asent Bblew Ccarried Dtook20About 70，000 new_were put up to help those who lost everything in the fire Ahouses Bhotels Ccamps Dcastles21Suppose we built a robot to_the planet Mars(火星) Afind Bdiscover Creach Dexplore22Should we_the robot to be equally active at a11 times? NoThe robot would be using up energy at a time when it was not receiving any Aplan Bprogram Csuggest Dadvise23The APIEL has been adopted，because the TOEFL can no longer accurrately_the abilities of students to use the English language comprehensively Areflect Bshow Csuggest Dpoint24If an object is_by a gravitation force of 10 N，it is said that the weight of the object is 10 N Ataken Battracted Cpulled Dput 25In a word，we can see chemistry_a very important role in social development and the progress of human beings Aworks Bshows Cplays Dacts 26You may want to learn more about photography and how it is_ Aborrowed Bdone Ctaken Dused 27The mid-term examination was overOur school_a bicycle trip Aorganized Bformed Ccreated Dtook 28Taiwan is the largest island in ChinaIt has_of about 36，000 squares kilometers Aa shape Ban area Ca size Da border29In a word，the film is giving way to TV，but it hasnt been completely_by TV Aexchanged Breturned Creplaced Dmoved 30A number of new machines were_from abroad，thus resulting in an increase in production Aordered Bintroduced Cinstructed Dbrought第三招 看同位，比所指 英语里有许多词都包含较抽象或丰富的内容，这些词(可能是名词也可能是动词)往往会引起同位语从句、定语从句、介词结构作定语或者与其内容相关的宾语。如果遇到这样的词，首先要找出它们相应的同位语、定语从句、介词结构作定语、宾语，然后找出与内容相符的其他名词或动词。引起同位语、定语从句、宾语从句或宾语的词有：suggestion，advice，idea，decision，plan，speech，response，question，reply，debate，argu