资源描述
(每日一练)全国通用版高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld重点知识归纳
单选题
1、Importantly, ________ the method of translation, the spirit of the original work cannot be lost.
A.no matter howB.no matter whatC.no matter whenD.no matter where
答案:B
考查让步状语从句。句意:无论采用什么方式翻译,原著的精神不能丢失。A. no matter how无论如何;B. no matter what无论什么;C. no matter when 无论何时;D. no matter where无论哪里。根据句意,从句是省略句,完全句是no matter what the method of translation is,从句缺少表语,what从句中作表语。故选B。
2、That is the very book______ I am looking for.
A.thatB.whichC.whatD.as
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:那正是我要找的书。此处为定语从句修饰先行词book,先行词在从句中作宾语,指物,且被the very修饰,只能用关系代词that引导。故选A。
3、Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company.
A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句关系词。句意:之后,在这章中,这种案例将会被介绍给读者,在这种案例中,消费者的支持变成了对于公司提升的一股激励的清泉。A. who谁,指代人;B. when什么时候,指代时间;C. which哪一个,指代物;D. where什么地方,指代地点。分析从句结构,主语consumers’ support消费者的支持,系动词became变成,表语a stream of motivation一股激励的清泉,结构完整,考虑关系副词。限制性定语从句修饰主句先行词case,在从句中作状语成分in the case,表示抽象地点,故选D。
4、No matter how bright a talker you are, there are times ________ it's better to remain silent.
A.thatB.whenC.whyD.which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:不管你多么健谈,有时候还是保持沉默比较好。分析句子结构结合句意可知此处包含一个定语从句,先行词为times(有时候),表示时间,从句缺少时间状语,所以应使用关系副词when引导从句,故选B项。
5、That flood has been ________ several times to prove that it’s important to take preventive________.
A.referred to, actionsB.referred, measure
C.referred, actionD.referred to, measures
答案:D
考查动词短语和名词词义辨析。句意:人们多次提到那次洪水,以证明采取预防措施是很重要的。第一空表示“提到,提及”应用短语refer to;结合上文“it’s important to take preventive”指采取预防措施,应用take measures,也可以说成take action。故选D。
6、She always considers her best friend as someone________ she can share everything.
A.about whomB.with whomC.with whichD.about which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:她总是认为她最好的朋友是一个可以分享一切的人。share sth. with sb.和某人分享某物。句中先行词为someone,在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,所以用关系代词whom引导。故选B。
7、Would you mind if I ________you a personal question?
A.askB.askingC.will askedD.asked
答案:D
考查虚拟语气。句意:你介意我问你一个私人问题吗?在“Would you mind if 从句”句型中,从句谓语常用一般过去时进行虚拟,故选D。
8、Life is like a long race _______ we compete with each other to go beyond ourselves.
A.whereB.whichC.thatD.what
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:生活就像一场长跑,我们彼此竞争,超越自我。空格后的句子是由a long race所引导的定语从句。在定语从句中,缺地点状语,表示在这场长跑中,所以我们用关系副词where进行引导。故此题选A。
9、Eventually, the butterfly manages to reach the places ______ it will spend the winter.
A.whichB.whatC.whereD.that
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:最后,蝴蝶设法到达它将要过冬的地方。分析句子结构可知,先行词是the places表地点,从句当中主语是it,谓语是will spend,宾语是the winter,所以从句当中应该用关系副词where来作地点状语。故选C。
10、Have you read all the information that this case?
A.relateB.relate toC.relates toD.relates
答案:C
考查动词短语和主谓一致。句意:你读过所有与这个案子相关的信息了吗?表示“与……相关”短语为relate to,在定语从句中作谓语,且“that this case”为定语从句修饰先行词information,先行词在从句中作主语,从句为一般现在时,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,information是不可数名词,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C。
11、We came to a place ______ they had never paid a visit before.
A.in whichB.to whichC.whatD.which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:我们来到了他们之前从没有参观过的地方。分析句子可知,paid a visit to……为固定短语,意为“参观某地”,句中先行词为place,在从句中作paid a visit to的宾语,故用which,to which在句中作状语引导定语从句。故选B项。
12、People’s ________ for bicycles may reflect public dissatisfaction with bus service.
A.insistenceB.preference
C.confidenceD.reference
答案:B
考查名词辨析。句意:人们对于自行车的偏爱可以反映出公众对于公共汽车服务的不满意。A. insistence坚持;B. preference偏爱;C. confidence自信;D. reference参考。根据句意“反映出公众对于公共汽车服务的不满意”可推知,公众对自行车“偏爱”。故选B。
13、The program is 90 minutes of_____ Indian folk dance, live music and storytelling.
A.diplomaticB.heroicC.dynamicD.specific
答案:C
考查形容词词义辨析。句意:该节目包括90分钟充满活力的印度民间舞蹈、现场音乐和讲故事。A. diplomatic外交的;B. heroic英雄的;C. dynamic动态的,充满活力的;D.specific具体的。由语意可知,此处是指充满活力的舞蹈、音乐和讲故事。故选C。
14、She brought her three friends to the party, none of ________ I had ever met before.
A.themB.whoC.whomD.which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:她带了她的三个朋友来参加聚会,我以前都没见过他们。此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词friends,且作介词of的宾语,指人,应用关系代词whom。故选C。
15、I think we’ ve fixed everything, and I don’t _________finding any more problems.
A.accelerateB.accommodateC.anticipateD.appreciate
答案:C
考查动词词义辨析。句意:我想我们已经解决了所有事情,我预计不会再发现任何问题了。A. accelerate加快;B. accommodate容纳;C. anticipate预料;D. appreciate欣赏;感激。根据前半句“I think we’ ve fixed everything”可知,anticipate“预料”符合句意。故选C。
小提示:
16、The man took out a knife and made a mark ____ his sword was dropped, confusing the passengers on board.
A.from whereB.whatC.on whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:这名男子拿出一把刀,在剑掉的地方做了个记号,让舟上的乘客迷惑不解。分析句子可知,先行词为mark在,____ his sword was dropped在句中作地点状语,所以关系副词用where引导。故选D。
17、When you meet new words while reading, you can __________ your dictionary.
A.infer fromB.look upC.look intoD.refer to
答案:D
考查动词短语辨析。句意:当你阅读时遇到生词,可以参考字典。A. infer from从……推断出;B. look up查阅;C. look into调查;D. refer to参考、提及。结合句意表示“参考”应用refer to。而look up后应加要查的内容。故选D项。
18、Usually, there is an interval between the two parts of the concert _____ the audience can buy something to eat or have a rest.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
答案:C
考查定语从句关系词。句意:通常,音乐会的两个部分之间有一段时间间隔,观众可以买点东西吃或休息。此处是定语从句,先行词是an interval,在从句中做时间状语,用关系副词when。故选C项。
19、Liberty, equality, and fraternity are the ideals _______ human beings have been fighting.
A.to whichB.against whichC.with whichD.for which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:自由、平等、博爱是人类一直为之奋斗的理想。分析句子,此处考查介词加关系代词时,介词的选择。从句 fight译为“奋斗”,根据句意译为“为…...奋斗”为fight for,是固定搭配。for 可提至关系代词which前。故选D项。
20、You’d better not ask for the reason ________ he was absent for the meeting.
A.whyB.whereC.whatD.because
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:你最好不要问他缺席会议的原因。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“reason”,在从句中作原因状语,故应用关系副词“why”引导从句。故选A项。
21、I was attracted to swimming because it is an excellent sport ______ children and adults can develop strength, endurance and flexibility.
A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:我被游泳所吸引,因为它是一项优秀的运动,儿童和成人可以发展力量,耐力和灵活性。句中先行词为sport,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where用法。故选D。
22、We will never forget the days ________ I was taken good care of in that village.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我们将永远不会忘记我在那个村子里受到照顾的日子。A. that那个,引导从句;B. which哪个;C. when在那时;D. where在哪里。根据句子结构,此句是定语从句。先行词是the days,缺少关系词,在从句中作时间状语,故用when引导。故选C。
23、The ________ boy hasn’t turned up for several day, but one day he was caught ________ in the street.
A.missed, to begB.missed, begging
C.missing, beggingD.missing, begged
答案:C
考查形容词和非谓语动词。句意:那个失踪的男孩已经好几天没出现了,但有一天他在街上乞讨时被发现了。形容词missing“失踪的”,此处作定语修饰名词boy;第二空应用非谓语动词作主语补足语,逻辑主语he和beg之间是主动关系,且表动作正在进行,应用现在分词。故选C。
24、Life is like a marathon ______ perseverance and consistent efforts count.
A.whenB.howC.whereD.why
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:人生就像马拉松,在这当中,毅力和坚持起作用。空格处是定语从句,先行词 marathon是抽象地点,在定语从句中缺少状语,因此要用关系副词where引导。故选C。
25、________ lack of experience with a task of that scale, she was far from being a failure.
A.Except forB.AlthoughC.DespiteD.Even though
答案:C
考查介词(短语)和连词(短语)。句意:尽管她对这么大规模的任务缺乏经验,但她绝不是一个失败者。A. Except for除……之外(介词短语);B. Although尽管(连词);C. Despite尽管(介词);D. Even though尽管,即使(连词短语)。根据名词lack可知,前用介词(短语)。再根据“she was far from being a failure.”可知,前后为转折关系。故选C。
26、Mike is taking notes of the grammatical rules in class at Sunshine School, where he ______ English for a year.
A.studiesB.had studiedC.has been studyingD.studied
答案:C
考查时态。句意:Mike正在阳光学校的课上记关于语法的笔记,他已经在阳光学校上了一年学了。根据for a year可知,此处应用完成时,且此处表示动作从过去持续到现在,并且还有可能继续持续下去,故应用现在完成进行时,故选C。
27、The White Horse Temple, ________ back to the Eastern Han Dynasty, has a history of more than 1,900 years.
A.datesB.datedC.datingD.to date
答案:C
考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:白马寺始建于东汉,距今已有1900多年的历史。分析句子可知,date在句子中不作谓语,且与其逻辑主语The White Horse Temple是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作状语。故选C项。
28、We’ve always regarded Dr. Smith as a man of integrity and high professional ________.
A.interestB.attitudeC.competenceD.reputation
答案:C
考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们一直认为Smith博士为人正直,专业能力强。A. interest兴趣;B. attitude态度;C. competence能力;D. reputation声誉。根据前文“high professional”可知,Smith博士专业能力强。故选C项。
29、I will never forget the scene ________ you saw me off in tears at the station.
A.whichB.whyC.whenD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意: 我永远不会忘记你在车站泪眼汪汪地为我送行的那一幕。空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词是scene(情景),是抽象地点名词,且定语从句中缺少地点状语,应用关系副词where来引导,故选D。
30、The reason ________ he didn’t come to school on time is ________ he had to take care of his sick brother at home.
A.That; becauseB.that; thatC.why; becauseD.why; that
答案:D
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他没有按时上学的原因是他不得不在家照顾生病的弟弟。第一个空是the reason引导的定语从句,在定语从句中,句子缺少原因状语,所以用关系副词why进行引导表示原因。第二个空是跟在is后的表语从句,从句中成分完整不缺其他含义,这里只需要起引导作用,所以用that。故此题选D。
完成句子
31、说到学英语,人们普遍认为:没有什么比跟英语母语人士待在一起更好的了。
________ learning English, it's universally recognized that there is________ than staying with ________.
答案: When it comes to/As for/As nothing better a native English speaker/ native English speakers
考查固定句型。根据汉语提示,表示“说到”应用固定句型When it comes to或者介词短语As for或者用连词As,As learning English理解为状语从句的省略;表示“没有什么比……更好的了”,应用固定句型there is nothing better than...,第二空需填nothing better;表示“母语人士”应用a native English speaker/native English speakers。故填①When it comes to/As for/As;②nothing better;③a native English speaker/native English speakers。
32、如今,大多数人把这条谚语与健康饮食联系起来。然而,布里亚-萨瓦兰实际上指的是我们的个性、品格及文化。
Most people today ________. However, Brillat- Savarin ________ our personality, character, and culture.
答案: relate this saying to healthy eating was actually referring to
考查短语和时态。第一空涉及固定短语relate A to B,把A和B联系起来,this saying这条谚语,healthy eating健康饮食,陈述的是客观情况,用一般现在时;第二空涉及固定短语refer to,指的是,语境表明陈述的是过去正在发生的动作,用过去进行时,且该时态带有一定的感情色彩,起到强调作用,副词actually 作状语,故填relate this saying to healthy eating和was actually referring to。
33、I thought the book ______ ______ by Mr. White was well worth reading.
我认为怀特先生提到的那本书很值得一读。
答案: referred to
考查动词短语。空处表示“提到”,使用动词短语refer to,和book之间是动宾关系,应用过去分词作后置定语。故填①referred②to。
34、我们都知道成功由三个重要的因素组成:天分、勤奋和运气。
What is well known to us all is that ________.
答案:success consists of/is made up of three important factors: talent, diligence and luck
考查名词、固定短语、时态和主谓一致。根据根据汉语意思,“成功”翻译为success,“由……组成”翻译为consist of或be made up of,“因素”翻译为factor,“天分”翻译为talent,“勤奋”翻译为diligence,“运气”翻译为luck;根据前面主句的时态是一般现在时,后面表语从句的时态也应该是一般现在时;因为表语从句的主语success是不可数名词,所以谓语动词应该用第三人称单数;factor是可数名词,要用复数形式。故填success consists of/is made up of three important factors: talent, diligence and luck。
35、Recently customers have______________organic food ______________at the local grocery.
最近, 顾客在当地杂货店购物时, 已经转向购买有机食品。
答案: turned to when shopping
考查固定短语、时态和状语从句的省略形式。第一空:短语“转向”turn to;根据时间状语recently,句子应用现在完成时,空前有助动词have,turn应用过去分词形式;第二空:“购物”是动词shop,和句子主语 customers之间是逻辑上的主动关系,应用现在分词;“在购物时”用状语从句的省略形式“when+现在分词”表达。故填(1)turned to(2)when shopping。
36、专家说这座寺庙历史悠久,可追溯到初唐时期。(一句多译)
(1)According to the expert, the temple has a history ____________ the early Tang Dynasty.
(2)According to the expert, the temple has a history which ____________ the early Tang Dynasty.
答案: dating from##dating back to dates from##dates back to
考查非谓语动词。表示“追溯”应用短语date from/back to,分析句子可知,句中已有谓语动词has,且空前无连接词,因此要用现在分词作状语,故答案为dating from/back to。
考查定语从句的谓语和时态。表示“追溯”应用短语date from/back to,分析句子可知,此处是由which引导的限制性定语从句的谓语动词,which指代先行词a history,描述事实时态是一般现在时,因此谓语动词要用动词的第三人称单数形式。故答案为dates from/back to。
37、我不喜欢他跟我讲话的方式。
I don’t like the way ________________ to me.
答案:that he speaks/in which he speaks
考查定语从句和动词。本处用定语从句表示“他跟我讲话”;表示“他”用主格he作从句主语;表示“说话”用speak ;当定语从句先行词为way时,引导词用in which或that;由从句主语he可知从句谓语用单数形式;表述事实主从句都可用一般现在时;故填that he speaks或in which he speaks。
38、尽管年事已高,她仍在学开车。
______________ ______________ ______________, she is still learning to drive.
答案: Despite old age
考查介词短语。根据汉语提示和句意,设空处缺“尽管年事已高”,可表达为介词短语despite old age,作状语,表让步。第一空的单词首字母大写。故填:①Despite;②old;③age。
39、伦敦是一座古老的港口城市,它的历史一直追溯到罗马时期。
London Is an ancient port city that has a history ________ Roman times.
答案:dating all the way back to
考查非谓语动词和名词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知,设空处缺少“一直追溯到”,“追溯到”表达为动词短语date back to,修饰history,是非谓语动词,与逻辑主语history之间为主谓关系,应用现在分词;“一直”表达为名词短语all the way,在此处为副词用法,作状语。故填dating all the way back to。
40、交通是全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一。
Traffic is one of the_____________ causes of global warming and_____________ change.
答案: major climate
考查形容词和名词。根据句意可知,第一个空缺少的是形容词修饰causes,表示“主要的”应该使用major,第二空是名词作定语,表示“气候”的名词是climate。故填①major和②climate。
语法填空
41、The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle________(hear).(所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:to be heard
考查非谓语动词。句意:孩子们在饭桌上大声说话,我不得不努力让别人听见。固定搭配struggle to do sth.“努力做某事”,主语I 和动词hear是逻辑上的动宾关系(被动关系),此处hear用动词不定式的被动式(to be done)。故填to be heard。
42、The reason ________she was fired was________ the boss was not satisfied with her job. (用适当的词填空)
答案: why that
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:她被解雇的理由是因为老板对她的工作不满意。分析句子结构,“________she was fired”是定语从句,修饰先行词the reason,先行词在从句中做原因状语,故第一个空填why。“________ the boss was not satisfied with her job”是表语从句,从句中不缺成分,不缺含义,所以第二个空填that。The reason why…is that…是惯用句型,译为“做……的原因是……”。故答案为why和that。
43、Some cases will be introduced to readers ________the technique is used. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:一些使用该技术的案例将被介绍给读者。分析句子结构,空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词cases,先行词表示抽象地点,关系词在定语从句中作地点状语,应用where引导从句。故填where。
44、September 30 is the day ________ which you must pay your bill.
答案:by
考查定语从句。句意:9月30日是你必须付账单的最后期限。分析可知,设空处和which引导定语从句,修饰先行词,the day,此处by意为“不迟于……,在……之前”,所以填by。
45、When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house ________ I would be staying. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句关系词。句意:当我到达时,Bryan带我去看我要住的房子。分析句子结构可知,设空处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为house,在从句中作地点状语,因而用where引导。故填where。
46、Not all men are equal ________the ability. (用适当的词填空)
答案:in
考查介词。句意:并非所有人在能力上都是平等的。be equal in“在某方是平等的”。故填in。
47、Becoming fluent ________ a language will take years, but learning to get by takes a lot less. (用适当的词填空)
答案:in
考查介词。句意:流利地掌握一门语言需要数年的时间,但要想过得去就不用那么多了。根据句意及空后a language可知,此处是短语be /become fluent in“能流利地讲”。故填in。
48、William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________ we can learn without repeating them. (用适当的词填空)
答案:which
考查定语从句。句意:威廉·黑斯蒂曾经提出,历史告诉我们过去的错误,我们可以从中吸取教训,而不必重蹈覆辙。分析可知,空处引导定语从句,关系词指代先行词past mistakes并在从句中作介词from的宾语,故填which。
49、Not only is likability ________ (relate) to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:related
考查固定短语和倒装句。句意:讨人喜欢不仅与积极的生活结果有关,而且也是那些结果的原因。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“be related to...”,意为“与……有关系”,句中涉及固定句型“Not only…but also…”,“Not only”所在句子要用部分倒装,“is”提前,故空格处应用“related”。故填related。
50、Students should involve themselves in community activities ________ they can gain experience for growth. (用单词适当形式填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:学生应该参与社区活动,在这些活动中,他们可以获取成长的经验。________ they can gain experience for growth.是一个定语从句,修饰先行词community activities,关系词在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where引导该从句,所以填where。
展开阅读全文