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专题二名词
2012~2010年浙江省中考真题演练
1. (2011•浙江义乌,17) —I want to buy the book if I have three days. Do you know its _______?
— Not quite sure. Maybe forty yuan.
A. writer B. size
C. price D. color
2. (2012•浙江杭州,29) It’s your _________ as a teacher to protect your students.
A. duty B. hobby
C. habit D. manner
3. (2012•浙江嘉兴,17) Please pick me up at the . My plane arrives at 8﹕00 am.
A. hotel B. airport
C. museum D. theatre
4. (2012•浙江温州,5) — Where does your uncle work, Jack?
— In a _____ in Paris. He is a policeman.
A. TV station B. bookstore
C. post office D. police station
5. (2012•浙江丽水,21) —I’m afraid I will get lost in Sydney. It’s my first time to be here, you see.
— Don’t worry. Here is a____. It will help.
A. newspaper B. watch C. map D. camera
6. (2012•浙江湖州,17) How many ______ do we need to make fruit salad?
— Two should be enough.
A. cabbage B. potatoes
C bananas D. lemon
7. (2012•浙江宁波,33) —Judy, I guess you are only twenty-five years old, is that true?
—Oh, it’s a ____________.
A. suggestion B. secret
C. reason D. problem
8. (2012•浙江衢州,24) —What a hot day! I am a bit thirsty.
— Would you like some_______?
A. noodles B. meat
C. water D. bread
1. C 解析:由答语可能是40元,可知问句中问的是价格,因此选C。
2. A 解析:本题考查名词的辨析。Duty意为“责任,职责”,hobby意为“爱好”,habit意为“习惯”,manner意为“方式,规矩”。根据句意“作为老师保护你的学生是你的职责”,故答案选A。
3. B 解析:本题考查名词的辨析。Hotel意为“旅馆”,airport意为“飞机场”,museum意为“博物馆”,theater意为“剧院”。根据下文“我的飞机8点到达”,可知答案为B。
4. D 解析:本题考查名词的用法。由后句“他是警察”可知答案为D。
5. C 解析:本题考查名词的用法。newspaper“报纸”; watch“手表”;map“地图”;camera“相机”,由前句“我害怕在悉尼迷路”和后句“它会有帮助的”可知答案为C。
6. C 解析:本题考查名词的用法。cabbage“卷心菜”;potatoes“土豆”;bananas“香蕉”; lemon“柠檬”,由句意“你需要多少……做水果沙拉?”可知答案C。
7. B 解析:本题考查名词的用法。suggestion“建议”;secret“秘密”;reason“理由”;problem“问题”,由于前句提到年龄问题,英国人把年龄看作个人隐私,故选B。
8. C 解析:本题考查名词的用法。noodles“面条”;meat“肉”;water“水”;bread“面包”,由前句:我有点渴, 可知答案C。
2012~2010年全国中考真题演练
1. (2012•江苏南京,3) —Could you tell me how to remember new words quickly?
—Yes, I think a tree can help you a lot.
A. grammar B. equation
C. punctuation D. vocabulary
2. (2012•重庆,24) —Bill, what’s your sister’s favorite ?
—She likes volleyball best.
A. food B. color C. sport D. movie
3. (2012•广西钦州,35) Tomorrow is _________. The students want to buy some flowers for their teachers.
A. Teacher Day B. Teacher’s Day
C. Teachers’ Day D. the Teachers Day
4. (2012•广西南宁,29) There isn’t any _________ in the bowl.
A. noodles B. dumplings C. rice D. eggs
5. (2012•贵州六盘水,28)
—Do you like ?
—No. I like blue.
A. orange B. apples C. flowers D. milk
6. (2012•黔东南州,23) —What kind of noodles would you like?
—____________.
A. Mutton and tomatoes noodles
B. Mutton and tomato noodles
C. Muttons and tomatoes Noodles
D. Muttons and tomato noodles
7. (2012•黔西南,11) I like ________ best of all the vegetables.
A. potatoes B. tomato C. breads D. rice
8. (2012•湖南怀化,24)
—What would you like, Helen?
—I’d like some .
A. eggs B. beefs C. banana
9. (2012•吉林,37)
—What’s your favourite _______?
—Physics. It’s interesting and useful.
A. job B. vegetable C. fruit D. subject
10. (2012•辽宁大连,6) Liu Xiang won the first Olympic gold ____ in the 110m hurdles for China.
A. medal B. prize C. symbol D. record
11. (2012•湖南岳阳,21) Jeremy Lin is the first Chinese-American basketball _____ in the NBA. He is a little different from Yao Ming.
A. dancer B. player C. watcher
12. (2012•青海西宁,18)
—Would you like some ________?
—Oh, yes, just a little.
A. potatoes B. eggs
C. porridge D. vegetables
13. (2012•山西,7) Recently people care more about the safety of . Everyone wants to eat healthily.
A. foods B. clothes C. buildings
14. (2012•云南昆明,23) My sister has a pen pal. She is from _______.
A. Canada B. Japanese C. English D. Australian
15. (2012•广东,28) The students of Grade 7 visited Mike’s farm and saw many _____ there.
A. bird B. duck C. sheep D. rabbit
16. (2012•河北,30) I’d like a _______ for dessert. Fruit, you know, is good for health.
A. potato B. banana C. candy D. pie
17. (2012•江苏扬州,4)
—Wish you a pleasant journey!
—Thanks! I’ll give you a as soon as I arrive in Paris.
A. ring B. hand C. ride D. present
19. (2012•湖北武汉,33) If by any chance Peter comes to us, please ask him to leave a _____.
A. letter B. sentence C. message D. notice
1. D 解析:本题考查名词的辨析。Grammar意为“语法”,equation意为“方程”,punctuation意为“标点”,vocabulary意为“词汇”。根据上文“你能告诉我怎样快速的记住单词吗?”可知下文为D。
2. C 解析:本题考查名词的用法。food“食物”;color“颜色”;sport“运动”;movie“电影”,由答语:她最喜欢排球,可知答案C。
3. C 解析:选C。考查名词所有格。教师节是所有教师的节日,因此教师用复数形式的所有格。
4. C 解析:由there isn’t后面可接单数名词或不可数名词,因此,选C。
5. A 解析:由答语我喜欢蓝色,可知前句谈及颜色,所给选项中只有A可作橘色讲,故选A。
6. B 解析:本题考查名词作定语,通常名词作定语要用单数形式,但man、woman除外,因此,答案为B。
7. A 解析:考查名词。D是“米饭”,而不是“蔬菜”;C答案是“面包”,不可数名词;B答案是单数形式;因此选择A答案。
8. A 解析:考察名词的单复数。空格前有some修饰,所以空格中应该用可数名词的复数或者是不可数名词。eggs是可数名词的复数。故选A。
9. D 解析:本题考查名词辨析。由答语“Physics”可知:是询问你最喜欢的学科是什么?故选D。
10. A 解析:本题考查名词辨析。由题意“刘翔为中国赢得了第一块奥林匹克金牌”可知:用gold medal符合题意。
11. B 解析:本题考查名词辨析。NBA是美国职业篮球联赛的简称,由此可知:林书豪是第一位华裔联赛的篮球队员,故选B。
12. C 解析:考查不可数名词的用法。根据答语just a little可知问句中应用不可数名词。所以选C。
13. A 解析:本题考查名词辨析。由后文“eat healthily”可知:人们关心的是食品安全。故选A。
14. A 解析:考查名词辨析。根据题意“我妹妹有个笔友”可知:是介绍她来自于什么地方,因此选地点名词,只有A符合题意。
15. C 解析:本题考查名词复数。Sheep的单复数形式一样,根据空格前的“many”,可知用复数,故答案选C。
16. B 解析:本题考查名词的辨析。Potato意为“土豆,马铃薯”,banana意为“香蕉”,candy意为“糖果”,pie意为“馅饼”。根据下文中水果对你的健康有好处,可知答案为B。
18. A 解析:本题考查名词的辨析。Ring意为“戒指,铃声”,hand意为“手”,ride意为“骑,乘坐”,present意为“礼物”。根据句意“我一到巴黎就给你打电话”,故选A。
19. C 解析:本题考查名词的辨析。Letter意为“字母,信”,sentence意为“句子”,message意为“信息”,notice意为“通知”。Leave a message意为“留言,留信”。故答案选C。
高分技巧解密
【例1】(2012•天津,32)
—Why didn’t Sally play the violin at the concert last night?
—She said that her hand hurt, but that was only a(n) _______. I saw her play tennis just now.
A. matter B. excuse C. result D. expression
【解析】本题是一道语境选择题。如果只看题干前一句“昨晚Sally为什么没有在音乐会上拉小提琴?”,和答语前“她说她的手疼”,本题四个选项都可以。容易迷惑我们的是:她的手疼,既是麻烦matter,也是结果result,还是好的借口excuse,但是,这里选择的是借口excuse,根据后句的“我刚才看见她打网球了”,所以选择答案B。
【答案】B
【错因】学生如果不能全面认识语境,只看到前面的She said that her hand hurt. 而不仔细观察后面的I saw her play tennis just now. 很可能会误选A, C或D。
【例2】(2012•贵州安顺,12)
Could you please give some _____ to the _____ teachers?
A.advice; man B.advices; men
C.suggestion; man D.suggestions; men
【解析】本题主要考查名词复数的用法。英语中有这样使用习惯:child, man, woman这样的名词作定语时,如果后面被修饰的名词是复数,child用原形,而man和women要变成复数。对于名词advice“忠告,建议”和suggestion“意见,建议”,重点考查前者为不可数名词,后者为可数名词,不可数名词没有复数形式。由此可知本题选D。
【答案】D
【错因】学生如果不了解名词man, woman作定语的语法功能,是难以进行选择的;同时还要了解同义词advice和suggestion,不在于意思的区别,而是两者的可数与不可数,导致学生也容易产生混淆而选错答案。
【例3】(2012•广西桂林,32)
My skirt is on the chair.
A. sisters’ B. sister C. sisters D. sister’s
【解析】D考查点:名词所有格。解题思路:skirt表示“裙子”,根据句意:我的姐姐的裙子在椅子上。所以这里需要的是两重所有格,所以这里需要表示“我姐姐的裙子”,即所有格后才能跟名词,所以正确答案选择D。
【答案】D
【错因】学生往往按照汉语习惯,我姐姐的裙子,而忘记了所有格,误选B或C,同时,对于所有格的形式,把握不好是“’s”还是“s’”,学生也容易产生混淆而选错答案。
【例4】(2012•浙江宁波,21)
—Oh, dear! There isn’t enough _______ for us in the lift.
—No hurry. Let’s wait for the next.
A. floor B. seat C. room D. ground
【解析】本题考查名词词义辨析。floor一般指室内的地面,是不可数名词,或指楼层,是可数名词;seat指座位,是可数名词;room指房间时,是可数名词,也可指空间,是不可数名词;ground指地面,是室内的地面。这里根据空前的There isn’t可知主语应该为单数或不可数名词,根据句意:上句是“电梯里没有足够的……给我们了”不会是地面或座位,所以应该是空间。根据句意可知正确答案是C。
【答案】C
【错因】本题所给选项floor, seat, room和ground属于近义词,学生必须有很厚的语言知识基本功,否则很容易混淆。同时还要结合上下句,上句是电梯里没有足够的空间了,下句是不着急等下一班吧,脱离这些语言环境,学生也是很难进行正确的选择的。
【例5】(2012•湖北随州,21)
The _____ often eat grass on the hill.
A. chicken B. horse C. cow D. sheep
【解析】此题考查名词的复数用法。chicken,horse和cow作动物名词的复数形式应该加s,而sheep的单复数形式相同,同时动词eat说明主语应该是复数形式,由此只能选正确答案D。
【答案】D
【错因】学生对名词复数把握不清,没有真正弄懂复数主语与谓语动词一致的用法特点,忽视了eat对主语的决定,是很难做对的。
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