B5U2Reading(2)学生版.doc

海门市四甲中学 高一英语B5U2Reading（2）一体化讲义 2015-4-28
Book 5 Unit2 Reading (2)
制卷人： 翟林 审核人： 孙燕
Teaching aims:
1. To learn some difficult words and phrases
2. To understand some difficult sentences
Step 1．词组翻译

学风：立志、明理、刻苦、有恒 第 7 页 共 7 页

1. 企业发展咨询顾问
2. 自由发言
3. 大量有害的化学物质
4. 流入
5. catch large numbers of fish
6. 产卵
7. 导致
8. 削减生产
9. 回收废物
10. 同时
11. 对……担忧
12. the present situation of the environment
13. 把···看做
14. hide from their responsibilities
15. not have to
16. 原材料的供给
17. 砍树
18. 四处打听
19. 用完、用尽

Step 2. Important words and phrases
1.responsibility (n.) 责任；职责（常与for连用）
He will take the responsibility for the task.他会对那项工作负责。
have a responsibility to do sth有责任做某事= be responsible for
【知识拓展】
irresponsibility n. 不负责任, 无责任 responsible adj. 对….负责的
a responsible person 可信赖的人，可靠的人 a person responsible 负责人，主管人
责任感: _______________ It’s one’s responsibility to do sth: __________________
【实战演练】
我们有责任保护环境： ___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
___________________________________________________
2.use up/run out (of)
⑴ use up 用尽；耗尽
We have used up all the paper. 我们把纸全用完了。
⑵ run out (of) 用完；耗尽
We run out of coal, and had to burn wood. 我们的煤用完了，所以不得不烧柴。
His strength ran out. 他的力气用完了。
Our food will soon run out.我们的粮食快用尽了。
【实战演练】根据括号内的汉语提示完成下列句子。
Food supplies _____________ (已经吃完了) by the end of their last trip.
. What if you were to _____________ (花完) money? What would you do?
. They are _____________ (消耗尽) oil and the plane has to land on the field.
If we _____________ (没有用完) sugar, I wouldn’t have gone to the shops.
.He had ask for a leave because his food had been ( ).
A used up B given out C run out D. run out of
With money ____________________(用完)，he asked me for help.

3.cut back on 削减，缩减
Try to cut back on foods containing too much fat and sugar.
要尽量少吃脂肪和糖分含量过高的食品。
As these new products are not selling well, the members of the board have decided to cut back on production. 因为新产品市场销售不好，懂事会成员决定削减产量。
【知识拓展】
a short cut___________ cut across 径直通过，抄近路穿过
___________砍倒 cut in _____________
cut off 切除，剪下，切断，断绝 cut up 切碎
【实战演练】
① I was just talking to Jan when John _______ on our conversation.
② If this bill is not paid within five days, your gas supply will be ___________.
③ She ___________ his picture from the magazine.
④ ____________the carrots before you put them into the pot.
⑤ Drivers who habitually _________are bound to cause accidents sooner or later.
⑥ Jack was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was________ from the outside world.
A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut down

4. see…as…将。。。视为。。。
As a business development consultant, I’m often seen as being against the environment.
______________________________________________________.
【知识拓展】
treat…as 把…像…一样对待 look on…as… 把….视为….
______…as… 认为…….是 regard…as…把……看成
regard…as… 把……看成 ___________充当，担当
describe…as…. 把……描述成 use…as…把…….用作

Step 3. Important sentences
1. With me are Ms Lin Shuiqing, from the Green Society……
本句是完全倒装句，表语 with me 提前到主语之前。正常语序为：___________________________________________________________________
.Present at the meeting were a professor from Najing University and his two assistant.
On both sides of the road are lines of pine trees which have been there for many years.
Out rushed the children.
▲全部倒装的三种情况：_____________________________________________
_____________________________________________
______________________________________________
【实战演练】
.. Next door to us__________________　　　　 .
A. lives an old man, who is a scientist B. does an old man live, who is a scientist
C. an old man lives who is a scientist D. an old man who is a scientist does live.
I got in his old truck and off ______ to one of the far corners of the farm to fix the fences.
A. did we go B. went we C. did go we D. we went
Into the dark apartment _____, who was quite surprised when every shouted “Happy birthday!”
A. did David walk B. David did walk C. David walked D. walked David

2. First I am talking to you today about the way vast areas of the world are damaged by chemical waste. 今天我首先要谈得是化学废物如何破坏这世界上的大片区域。
the way 做先行词是，定语从句可用__________ ，_________ 或者是__________来引导。
【实战演练】
① I don’t like the way____ you speak to her.
A that B which C in that D where
② What surprised me was not what he said but ____ he said it .
A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which

3. These boats catch large numbers of fish without ________（give）them time to ______ eggs.
这些捕捞船捕捞大量的鱼而不留时间给他们产卵。
lay vt. 放置；产卵，下蛋 Please lay the book on the desk. 请把书放在桌子上。
u lie-lied-lied-lying vi. 撒谎
u lie-lay-lain-lying vi. 躺，卧；位于
u lay-laid-laid-laying vt. 放置；产卵
【实战演练】
① I always feel relaxed when I _________in bed, listening to music.
② Would you please _________ the books on the table?
③ You should always be honest and never tell________ to your friends.
④ Cuckoos(布谷鸟) _______eggs in other birds’nests.
⑤ He________ to me that he had a headache.
⑥ Yesterday the man ________ on the ground _______ to me that his hen ______ two eggs that day.
⑦ He ________ his hand on my shoulder last night.

4.The world’s population has grown by six times what it was in 1800.
(1). grow by 表示“增加了”，类似的用法还有：increase by, rise by, climb by等；
而grow to 表示_________, 类似的用法还有：_____________________等。
【完成句子】
The number of the students at the college_________(已经增长到) over 5,000.
Sales of new cars in that country________________(增加了20%) this year.
The workers are going all out to make the output___________________________(增长到五年前的三倍).
(2). 观察以下句子，总结倍数表达法:
1). Asia is four times larger than Europe.
2). Asia is four times as large as Europe.
3). Asia is four times the size of Europe.
4). The size of Asia is four times that of Europe.
5). The production is now twice what it was three years ago.
6). Compared with that of last year, our coal output has increased by three times.
倍数表达法: _____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
_____________________________________
【实战演练】
① I want to buy a rope which is ________ this one.
A. twice as longer as B. as twice long as C. twice the length of D. as twice as
② The town is ________ than it was before.
A. three times as large B. larger three times
C. as large as three times D. three times larger
③ It is reported that the United States uses _____ energy as the whole of Europe.
A. as twice B. twice much C. twice much as D. twice as much
④ Americans eat _________ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.
A. more than twice B. as twice as many C. twice as many as D. more than twice as many
⑤ At a rough estimate, Nigeria is ___Great Britain.
A. three times the size as B. the size three times of
C. three times as the size of D. three times the size of

5. What I’m here to say is that __________(work) with many environmental consultants, I know that a heathy environment and development should be possible at the same time. 在这里我想说的是，与许多环境顾问一起工作之后，我知道健康的环境和经济发展并存是有可能的
【实战演练】
① He came in, ____________ (follow) by a group of reporters
② _______________(become) a teacher in a university, you should have at least a master's degree.
③ ____________________(see) the film already, I refused his invitation to go to the cinema.
④ __________________(show) many times, he still didn't understand how to operate the machine.
⑤ __ the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross, and you will have a nice strong kite.
A. To tie B. Tying C. Tied D. Tie
⑥ ____ but he still could not understand it.
A. Told many times B. Having been told many times
C. He has been told many times D. Though he had been told many times
⑦ While watching television, __________.
A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rings
⑧ In order to make our city green, ________.
A. it is necessary to have planted more trees B. many more trees need to plant
C. our city needs more trees D. we must plant more trees

6. Ms Lin suggested we should cut back on the quantity of things we produce in order to save the environment,…
suggest, advice, require, order demand, insist等表示“建议，要求，命令”的词后的宾语从句中，常用（should+）动词原型作谓语。
老师提出的忠告是，同学们在考试期间应该早点睡觉。
The advice that the teacher gave was that_______________________________________________.
His suggestion ____________________________________________________________________
他提出的我们应该与污染做斗争的建议值得考虑。
【注意】：当suggest解释为__________, 其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，用陈述语气。
她苍白的脸色表明她生病了。____________________________________________
【实战演练】
① Presently he made the suggestion that they _______ their conversation in French.
A. carry on B. carried on C. to carry on D. carrying on
② He came to my class every week，but his attitude ___ he was not really interested in the subject.
A. expressed B. described C. explained D. suggested

7. However. I do agree that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled,
▲do对动词agree进行强调。do用来起强调作用时有一下几种用法：
① do/does+v (原)，用于强调一般现在时中的谓语动词。
He _________ know the truth. 他却是知道真相。
② did+v (原)，用于强调一般过去时中的谓语动词。
He ___________come that night. But he did phone you.
③ do+祈使句，用于强调祈使句的语气。
___________________________________下星期六务必要到这里来。
【实战演练】
① An awful accident _________, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to
② Our math teacher _________, however, speak English well.
A. doing B. does C. is doing D. was doing

Exercises:
1. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school._________ the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.
A. Attend B. To attend C. Attending D. Having attended
2. The population of Jiangsu_______ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.
A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing
3. There is a great deal of evidence _______ that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
A. indicate B indicating. C.to indicate D.to be indicating
4. The boy _____ on the ground _____ to his father that the hen ______ two egges that day.
A. laying; lied; laid B. lying; lied; laid
C. lying; lay; lied D. lay; lied; laid
5. The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather _________ the helplessness of the crew at sea.
A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up
6. Can you tell me the way you think of _________ the problem.
A. solving B. to solve C. solve D .solved
7.After the whistle rang, the coach appeared in the field. Behind him _________ the team wearing black and white suits.
A. had B. walked C. was followed D .led
8.Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon.
A. said B. says C. saying D. to say
9.Much to his surprise, he invited only twenty friends to dinner, but ________ came.
A. twice as many as B. as many as twice C. twice as many D. twice more than
10. ---What made Susan so angry?
---_________ in the rain for a long time.
A. Being kept waiting B. Being kept to wait
C. Because of waiting D. She was kept waiting
11. They had to return from the hiking in the desert, for their food almost _________.
A. ran out of B. used up C. was giving out D. ran out
12. John’s father, along with his uncle, ________ in New York one more day.
A. demands that he stays B. demands that he stay
C demand that he stays. D. demand that he stay
13. Usually what the teacher says will leave a deep _____ a child.
A. mark with B. impression on C. effect in D. imagination of
14.The headmaster hurried to the concert hall only _____ the speaker ____.
A. to find; left B. finding; leaving C. finding; left D. to find; gone
15.The little boy still needs the _____ 20 dollars to do with some things ______.
A. remaining, remained to be settled B. remaining, remaining to be settled
C. remained, remained to settle D. remained, remaining to settle
16._______ his age, the little boy read very well.
A. Considering B. Considered C. Consider D. Having considered
17. --- What caused the party to be put off?
--- ______ the invitations.
A. Tom delayed sending B. Tom’s delaying sending
C. Tom delaying to send D. Tom delayed to send
18.The government has announced plans to cut back___ defense spending___10% next year.
A. upon; to B. on; by C. of; by D. for; to
19.---I am sorry, I ________ with you the other day.
----Forget it. I was out of control myself.
A. shouldn’t be annoyed B. shouldn’t have been annoyed
C. can’t be annoyed D. couldn’t have been annoyed