资源描述
M1Unit1 Friendship词汇教案
新人教版高一英语
必修一第一单元
Friendship
教案之
语言点详解
词汇详解:
一. 词语辨析
1. cheat / fool
【解释】
cheat 主要指盈利的买卖中或游戏竞赛中欺骗人,骗取人的钱等。
fool ―愚弄‖,指利用人缺乏常识,心理脆弱来欺骗人。
【练习】
用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). You may get _________ in that shop.
2). He can’t __________ her. She sees through him every time.
答案: 1). cheated 2). fool
2. calm / quiet / silent / still
【解释】
calm 天气、水、水面(表风平浪静);(指人时)表示镇定自如。
quiet 表―宁静‖、―安静‖、―寂静‖,侧重没有响声,没有噪音和没有动静。指人时侧重性格温和,文静。
silent 表―沉默‖、―不发言‖、―不说话‖,常常表示人不爱说话,沉默无语。
still ―不动的‖,指人时侧重一动不动,;指物时指完全没有声音,突出静止不动。
【练习】
用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Please stand __________ while I take your photo.
2). Why do you keep __________?
3). Everything was ___________.
4). He remained ___________ in the face of the enemy.
答案: 1). still 2). silent 3). quiet 4). calm
3. join / join in / take part in / attend
【解释】
join 表示参加组织、党派、团体、军队、俱乐部等
join in 表示参加游戏、活动等;
join sb. (in sth.) 表(和某人一起)做某事
take part in表示参与、参加讨论、游行、比赛、战斗、斗争、运动、庆祝等
attend 主要指出席、参加会议、婚礼;听讲座、课、报告、音乐会等;上学、教堂
【练习】
用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空
1). Can I ___________ the game?
2). Did you ____________ the fighting?
3). He __________ the army last year.
4). A lot of people __________ her wedding.
答案: 1). join in 2). take part in 3). joined 4)attended
二. 词性变化
1. ignore vt. 忽视
ignorance n. 无知
ignorant adj.无知的
2. dusk n. 黄昏; 傍晚
dusky. adj.昏暗的; 黑暗的
3. add v. 添加; 增加
addition n. 加, 附加
additional adj. 添加的;附加的
Ⅲ 重点词汇
1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的,不安的;不适的 vt. (upset, upset)
[典例]
1). Our arrangements for the weekend were upset by her visit.
她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。
2). Don't upset yourself -- no harm has been done.
不要难过--并没有造成伤害。
3). The students really upset her.
学生们着实让她烦恼。
[重点用法]
be upset by… 被…… 打乱
upset oneself about sth 为某事烦恼
[练习]
用upset的适当形式填空
1). Is it ______ you, dear?
2). She felt rather ______ on hearing the news.
3). Is it an ______ message?
4). Don’t be ______. It will be OK.
答案: 1). upsetting 2). upset 3). upsetting 4).upset
2. concern v. 担忧; 涉及; 关系到 n. 担心,关注;(利害)关系
[典例]
1). The news concerns your brother.
这消息与你兄弟有关。
2). The boy's poor health concerned his parents.
那男孩健康状况不佳,使他的父母亲忧虑。
[重点用法]
be concerned about 关心
be concerned with. 与……有关,关心
be concerned at / over sth. 为某事忧虑
[练习]
用concern的适当形式填空
1). There is an article that _______ the rise of the prices.
2). The children are rather _____ about their mother’s health. 3). Officials should ______ themselves _______ public affairs.
答案: 1). concerns 2). concerned 3). concern … with
3. settle vt. 安家;定居;停留 vt. 使定居,安家;解决
[典例]
1). He settled his child in a corner of the compartment.
他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。
2). The family has settled in Canada.
这家人已定居加拿大。
[重点用法]
settle down 镇定下来
settle in 在…定居
[练习]
中译英
1). 都十一点了,她安不下心来工作。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2). 题目这么难,谁能解决?
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1). It’s eleven o’clock now, but she cannot settle to work.
2). Since it is so difficult, who can settle this problem?
4. suffer vt.& vi.遭受;忍受;经历
[典例]
1). Do you suffer from headaches?
你常头痛吗?
2). She's suffering from loss of memory.
她患有遗忘症。
[重点用法]
suffer from/with/for sth 感到疼痛﹑ 不适﹑ 悲伤等; 受苦; 吃苦头
[练习]
中译英
1).我们在金融危机中损失惨重。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2).他的脚痛得不得了。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). We suffered huge losses in the financial crisis.
2). He suffers terribly with his feet.
5. disagree vt. 不同意
[典例]
1). Even friends sometimes disagree with each other.
即便是朋友也有时意见不一。
2). We disagreed on future plans.
我们对未来的计划产生了分歧。
[重点用法]
disagree with sb/what sb says/sb's decision 不同意某人的观点[某人的话/某人的决定]
agree
(1)agree with的意思是“同意”,“赞成”。后面常接表示人或意见(看法)的名词或代词作宾语。
如: Does she agree with us?
她同意我们的意见吗?
None of us agree with what you said.
我们没有一个人同意你讲的话。
(2)agree with还有“与„„一致”,“(气候、食物等)适合”的意思。
如: His words do not agree with his actions.
他言行不一致。
Too much meat doesn’t agree with her.
吃太多食物对她身体不合适。
(3)agree to意为“同意”,“赞成”,后面跟表示“提议”,“办法”,“计划”,“安排”等的名词或代词。如:
Please agree to this arrangement.
请同意这个安排。
This plan has now been agreed to.
这个计划已经被认可了。
(4)agree on表示“对„„取得一致意见”,指两方或多方就某个问题取得了一致的意见或是达成了某种协议。
After discussion the two sides agreed on a cease-fire.
经过讨论,双方就停火问题达成了协议。
They all agree on the matter.
他们在这个问题上意见一致。
四 重点词组
1. add up 加起来
[典例]
Add up your scores and see how many points you can get.
把你的得分加起来,看看你能得几分。
[短语归纳]
add (…) to …. (把什么)加入…中
add up to … 加起来是
[练习]
用add的适当形式或构成的词组填空
1). Will you _____ some more students to this project?
2). Small numbers _____ a large one.
3). 50 _______ 50 equals 100.
答案: 1). add 2). add up to 3). added
2. go through 经历;经受
[典例]
1). The country has gone through too many wars.
这个国家经历了太多的战争。
2). She's been through a bad time recently.
她最近经历了一段困难时期。
[短语归纳]
go after追求,追赶
go ahead前进;请说(做)吧
go by走过,(时间)过去
go along with向前,(与……)一起去
go out外出;(灯,火)熄灭
go over越过;复习
3.on purpose 故意,有目的地
[典例]
The boy broke Jack’s window on purpose. He wanted to frighten Jack.
那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的,他想吓一下杰克。
[短语归纳]
do sth. on purpose: 故意做某事
on purpose 表示故意地、有企图、有目的地
[练习]
用 purpose的相关词汇填空
1). He didn’t do it ______.
2). What was your ____ ?
答案: 1). on purpose 2). purpose
4. get along with 与某人相处;(工作的) 进展
[典例]
1). He is not easy-going. It’s very hard to get along with him
他不是个随和的人,很难相处。
2). How are you getting along with your work?
工作进展如何?
[短语归纳]
get along/on well/ nicely/ badly with 与……相处得好/不好,……进展顺利/不顺利
get away离开,逃离
get down下来;写下,取下
get down to (doing)开始认真干……
get over克服,摆脱
[练习]
中译英
1). 你现在和同事相处得好不好?
_______________________________________________________________________________2). 她已重新获得从前那份工作。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1). Are you getting along well with your colleagues?
2). She's got her old job back.
5. in order to… 为了……(可置于句首或句中)
[典例]
1). She arrived early in order to get a good seat.
她到得很早, 图的是得个好座位。
2). I agreed to her suggestion in order not to upset her.
我同意她的建议是为了不让她伤心。
[短语归纳]
in order that… 以便……(后跟句子)
so that…以便……(后跟句子)
so as to为了……(只能置于句中,不能置于句首)
[练习]
中译英
1. 他早早动身好按时到达。
2. 她拼命干以便能到6点时把一切都准备好。
答案:
1.He left early in order to/so as to/in order that/so that he should/would/might arrive on time.
2. In order to get everything ready by 6 o'clock, she worked hard.
五. 重点句子
1. Mom asked her if (whether) she was very hot with so many clothes on.
妈妈问她穿那么多衣服是不是很热。
[解释]
with复合结构:
with + 宾语+ v. –ing / v. –ed / to do / adj. / adv. / prep. phrases
由―介词with+宾语+宾语补足语‖ 构成的复合结构在句中通常作为状语,表示背景情况,为方式,原因或条件等,另外,该结构也可以作为定语使用。下面简述几种情况:
1) 如果在该结构中的分词表示的动作是由前面的名词或代词发出的,构成主谓关系,该分词用现在分词形式。
2) 如果分词表示的动作与前面的名词或代词构成动宾关系,该分词用过去分词形式。
3) 宾语补足语也可以使用介词短语,形容词或副词来充当。
[典例]
1.with + 宾语 + 副词,如:
The square looks more beautiful with all the lights on (= while all the lights are on).
With his parents away (= As his parents are away), Tom becomes more naughty.
2.with + 宾语 + 介词短语,如:
The teacher came in with a book in his hand (= while a book was in his hand).
The girl looked up with tears in her eyes (= while tears were in her eyes).
3.with + 宾语 + 现在分词,如:
With summer corning (= As summer is corning), the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.
With the teacher standing beside (= As the teacher was standing beside),she felt a bit uneasy.
4.with + 宾语 + 过去分词,如:
With the work done (= As the work had been done), she felt greatly relieved.
With his hair cut (= As his hair has been cut), he looks much younger.
5.with + 宾语 + 不定式,如:
With her to go with us (= As she will go with us), we're sure to have a pleasant journey.
With Mr Smith to teach them English next term(= As Mr Smith will teach them English) , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.
[练习]
中译英:
1. 那房子昨晚发生火灾,结果里面的东西都烧光了。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 下学期史密斯先生教他们英语,他们的口语会大有提高。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 随着冬天的到来,天气越来越冷。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案:1. The house caught a big fire last night , with nothing left in it.
2. With Mr Smith to teach them English next term , they will be greatly improved in spoken English.
3. With winter corning, the weather is becoming colder and colder.
2. I don’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do …
我不愿意像大多数人那样在日记中记流水帐……
[解释]
as引导的从句为比较状语从句,意为―像大多数人那么做‖。
as 用作连词,可引导下列状语从句:
1). 引导状语从句,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语的同时性
As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.
随着他年纪越来越大,他失去了对所有事物的兴趣,除了园艺。
2). 引导让步状语从句,表示―尽管,虽然,即使‖(从句需倒装)
Cold as it is, my brother wears only a shirt.
尽管天气冷,我哥只穿了一件衬衫。
3). 引导方式状语从句,表示―以……方式‖。
Why didn’t you take the medicine as I told you to?
为什么你没有按我说的服这药?
4). 引导原因状语从句 (=since; because),―由于,因为‖。
As you were not there, I left a message.
因为当时你不在那,所以我给你留了便条。
5) 引导比较状语从句。
She is as tall as you.
她和你一样高。
[练习]
中译英
1. 随着年龄的增长我越来越对科学感兴趣。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 2. 由于雨下得很大,你最好穿上雨衣。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 他学习很努力,但考试还是没及格。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案: 1. As l get older l get more interested in science.
2. As it is raining hard,you'd better put on your raincoat.
3. Hard as he worked,he failed in the exam.
3. It is/was the…time that… ……第几次……
[解释]
that从句中的谓语动词一般用完成时态。
1). It is the first time that he has heard this song.
[练习]
中译英
1. 这是他第二次来中国。
2.这是我第一次举办画展。
答案: 1. It is the second time that he has come to China.
2. It was the first time that I had held an art exhibition.
六.课文佳句背诵与仿写
1.【原句】I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.
我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事情都无比狂热。
[模仿要点] 句子结构: wonder +if 表语从句 + so …that从句
【模仿1】我不知道是否因为我的卤莽使得史密夫先生对我这么生气。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案:I wondered if it was because I was so rude that Mr Smith was so angry with me.
【模仿2】他在想是否因为她的朋友对她很关心所以她的心情才平复下来。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案:
He wonders whether it is because her friends are so concerned about her that she has calmed herself down.
2.【原句】
I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. (定语从句)
我记得非常清楚,以前,湛蓝的天空,鸟儿的歌唱,月光和鲜花,从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里,这一切都变了。
[模仿要点] 句子结构: It is/was a time when …There is /was a time when…This/That is/was a time when…
【模仿1】我还记得这对他来说是一个艰难的时期,他遭受到了身心的打击。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案:I can well remember it was a hard time when he suffered a lot physically and mentally.
【模仿2】在中国历史上,曾经有过一段时期中国鼓励与世界其他国家进行贸易。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案:
In Chinese history, there was a time when China encouraged trade with the rest of the world.
3. 【原句】It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.
这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
[模仿要点] 句子结构: It is/was the first (second…) time that sb + 现在完成时/过去完成时:这是某人第几次做某事
【模仿1】这是我们第一次面对面地谈论到这件事情。
_______________________________________________________________________________
答案:It is the first time that we have talked about this issue face to face.
【模仿2】这是他第二次参与怎样解决这个问题的讨论。
_______________________________________________________________________________ 答案:
It was the second time that he had joined in the discussion about how to do with the problem.
10
Practice makes perfect.
展开阅读全文