解剖名词中英对照(神经系统部分).doc

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神经系统解剖名词中文解剖名词英文解剖名词对照总论联络神经元 association neuron 轴突 axon 双极神经元 bipolar neuron 中枢神经系统 Central nervous system 化学突触 Chemical synapse 皮质 Cortex 树突 Dendrite 树突棘 Dendrite spine 电突触 Electrical synapse 纤维束 Fasciculus 神经节 Ganglion 神经胶质细胞 Glial cell 灰质 Gray matter 髓质 Medulla 运动神经元 Motor neuron 多级神经元 Multipolar neuron 髓鞘 Myelin sheath 神经 Nerve 神经细胞 Nerve cell 神经纤维 Nerve fibers 神经系统 Nervous system 神经原纤维 Neurofibril 神经胶质 Neuroglia 神经元 Neuron 尼氏体 Nissl body 神经核 Nucleus 假单极神经元 Pseudounipolar neuron 反射弧 Reflex arc 施万细胞 Schwann cell 感觉神经元 Sensory neuron 躯体神经 Somatic nerve 突触 Synapse 突触间隙 Synapse cleft 终扣 Terminal bouton 内脏神经 Visceral nerve 白质 White matter 中枢神经系统皮质脊髓束 Anterior corticospinal tract 前索 Anterior funiculus 灰质前连合 Anterior gray commissure 前角 Anterior horn 前正中裂 Anterior median fissure 脊髓小脑前束 Anterior spinocerebellar tract 脊髓丘脑前束 Anterior spinothalamic tract 白质前连合 Anterior white commissure Barne前外侧束 Anterolateral tract of Barne 布朗-色夸综合征 Brown-Sequard syndrome 马尾 Cauda equine 中央管 Central canal 颈膨大 Cervical enlargement 脊髓圆锥 Conus medullaris 皮质脊髓束 Corticospinal tract 背外侧束 Dorsolateral fasciculus 楔束 Fasciculus cuneatus 薄束 Fasciculus gracilis 终丝 Filum terminale 角 Horn 中间带 Intermediate zone 中间外侧核 Intermediolateral nucleus 中间内侧核 Intermediomedial nucleus 侧柱 Lateral column 皮质脊髓侧束 Lateral corticospinal tract 外侧索 Lateral funiculus 脊髓丘脑侧束 Lateral spinothalamic tract 腰骶膨大 Lumbosacral enlargement 内侧纵束 Medial longitudinal fasciculus 后角固有核 Nucleus proprius 胸核 Nucleus thoracicus 后柱 posterior column 后索 Posterior funiculus 灰质后连合 Posterior gray commissure 后正中沟 Posterior median sulcus 脊髓小脑后束 Posterior spinocerebellar tract 后角边缘核 Posteromarginal nucleus 网状结构 Reticular formation 网状脊髓束 Reticulospinal tract 红核脊髓束 Rubrospinal tract 骶副交感核 Sacral parasympathetic nucleus 脊髓 Spinal cord 胶状质 Substantia gelatinosa 顶盖脊髓束 Tectospinal tract 前庭脊髓束 Vestibulospinal tract 脑展神经核 Abducent nucleus 副神经核 Accessory nucleus 动眼神经副核 Accessory nucleus of oculomotor nerve 听结节 Acoustic tubercle 前叶 Anterior lobe 脊髓小脑前束 Anterior spinocerebellar tract 原小脑 Archicerebellum 最后区 Area postrema 脑桥基底部 Basilar part of pons 基底沟 Basilar sulcus 结合臂 Brachium conjunctivum 下丘臂 Brachium of inferor colliculus 上丘臂 Brachium of superior colliculus 脑桥臂 Brachium pontis 脑干 Brain stem 脑 Brain (或encephalon) 延髓脑桥沟 Bulbopontine sulcus 小脑中央核 Central nuclei of cerebellum 小脑皮质 Cerebellar cortex 小脑半球 Cerebellar hemispheres 小脑核 Cerebellar nuclei 小脑 Cerebellum 大脑水管 Cerebral aqueduct 大脑脚 Cerebral peduncle 大脑小脑 Cerebrocerebellum 第四脑室脉络丛 Choroids plexus of fouth ventricle 攀缘纤维 Climbing fiber 蜗神经核 Cochlear nucleus 致密部 Compact part 小脑体 Corpus of cerebellum 皮质延髓束 Corticobulbar tract 大脑脚底 Crus cerebri 楔束核 Cuneate nucleus 楔束结节 Cuneate tubercle 内侧丘系交叉 Decussation of medial lemniscus 锥体交叉 Decussation of pyramid 齿状核 Dentate nucleus 蜗背侧核 Dorsal cochlear nucleus 迷走神经背核 Dorsal nucleus of vagus nerve 被盖背侧交叉 Dorsal tegmental decussation E-W核 Edinger-Westphal nucleus 栓状核 Emboliform nucleus 面神经丘 Facial colliculus 顶核 Fastigial nucleus 绒球小结叶 Flocculonodular lobe 绒球 Flocculus 前脑 Forebrain 第四脑室 Fourth ventricle 面神经膝 Genu of facial nerve 巨细胞网状核 Gigantocellular reticular nucleus 球状核 Globose nucleus 小脑小球 Glomerulus 薄束核 Gracile nucleus 薄束结节 Gracile tubercle 菱脑 Hindbrain 水平裂 Horizontal fissure 舌下神经核 Hypoglossal nucleus 舌下神经三角 Hypoglossal triangle 小脑下脚 Inferior cerebellar peduncle 下丘 Inferior colliculus 下髓帆 Inferior medullary velum 下橄榄核 Inferior olivary nucleus 下泌涎核 Inferior salivatory nucleus 前庭下核 Inferior vestibular nucleus 内弓状纤维 Internal arcuate fibers 脚间窝 Interpeduncular fossa 中间核 Interposed nuclei 第四脑室外侧孔 Lateral apertures of fourth ventricle 外侧网状核 Lateral reticular nucleus 前庭外侧核 Lateral vestibular nucleus 蓝斑 Locus ceruleus 内侧隆起 Medial eminence 内侧丘系 Medial lemniscus 内侧纵束 Medial longitudinal fasciculus 前庭内侧核 Medial vestibular nucleus 第四脑室正中孔 Median aperture of fourth ventricle 正中沟 Median sulcus 延髓 Medulla oblongata 中脑水管 mesencephalic aqueduct 三叉神经中脑核 Mesencephalic nucleus of trigeminal nerve 中脑 Mesencephalon 后脑 Metencephalon 中脑 Midbrain 小脑中脚 Middle cerebellar peduncle 分子层 Molecular layer 三叉神经运动核 Motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve 末脑 Myelencephalon 新小脑 Neocerebellum 小结 Nodule 疑核 Nucleus ambiguous 展神经核 Nucleus of abducent nerve 面神经核 Nucleus of facial nerve 舌下神经核 Nucleus of hypoglossal nerve 下丘核 Nucleus of inferior colliculus 动眼神经核 Nucleus of oculomotor nerve 孤束核 Nucleus of solitary tract 滑车神经核 Nucleus of trochlear nerve 中缝背核 Nucleus raphes dorsalis 中缝大核 Nucleus raphes magnus 闩 Obex 橄榄 Olive 旧小脑 Paleocerebellum 臂旁核 Parabrachial nuclei 旁正中网状核 Paramedian reticular nucleus 小细胞网状核 Parvocellular reticular nucleus 梨状细胞层 Piriform cell layer 脑桥 Pons 三叉神经脑桥核 Pontine nucleus of trigeminal nerve 脑桥网状核 Pontine reticular nuclei 脑桥小脑三角 Pontocerebellar trigone 脑桥核 Pontine nucleus 小脑后切迹 Posterior cerebellar notch 后叶 Posterior lobe 后穿质 Posterior perforated substance 脊髓小脑后束 Posterior spinocerebellar tract 后外侧裂 Posterolateral fissure 顶盖前区 Pretectal area 原裂 Primary fissure 前脑 Prosencephalon 锥体 Pyramid 蚓锥体 Pyramid of vermis 锥体束 Pyramidal tract 红核 Red nucleus 绳状体 Restiform body 网状部 Reticular part 菱脑 Rhombencephalon 菱形窝 Rhomboid fossa 红核脊髓束 Rubrospinal tract 三叉神经脊束核 Spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve 三叉神经脊束 Spinal tract of trigeminal nerve 脊髓小脑 Spinocerebellum 脊髓丘脑束 Spinothalamic tract 髓纹 Strae medullares 黑质 Substantia nigra 界沟 Sulcus limitans 小脑上脚 Superior cerebellar peduncle 上丘 Superior colliculus 上髓帆 Superior medullary velum 上橄榄核 Superior salivatory nucleus 前庭上核 Superior vestibular nucleus 顶盖脊髓束 Tectospinal tract 顶盖 Tectum 被盖 Tegmentum 脑桥被盖部 Tegmentum of pons 第四脑室脉络组织 Tela choroidea of fourth ventricle 小脑扁桃体 Tonsil of cerebellum 斜方体 Trapezoid body 三叉丘系 Trigeminal lemniscus 三叉丘脑束 Trigeminothalamic tract 蚓结节 Tuber of vermis 蚓垂 Uvula of vermis 迷走神经三角 Vagal triangle 蜗腹侧核 Ventral cochlear nucleus 腹侧网状核 Ventral reticular nucleus 被盖腹侧交叉 Ventral tegmental decussation 小脑蚓 Vermis 前庭区 Vestibular area 前庭神经核 Vestibular nuclei 前庭小脑 Vestibulocerebellum 间脑、端脑杏仁体 Amygdaloid body 角回 Angular gyrus 前连合 Anterior commissure 联络纤维 Association fibers 听觉区 Auditory area 听觉性语言中枢 Auditory speech area 基底核 Basal nuclei 距状沟 Calcarine sulcus 尾状核 Caudate nucleus 中央沟 Central sulcus 大脑皮质 Cerebral cortex 大脑纵裂 Cerebral longitudinal fissure 大脑横裂 Cerebral transverse fissure 扣带回 Cingulated gyrus 屏状核 Claustrum 侧副沟 Collateral sulcus 连合纤维 Commissural fibers 胼胝体 Corpus callosum 纹状体 Corpus striatum 齿状回 Dentate gyrus 间脑 Diencephalons 背侧纵束 Dorsal longitudinal fasciculus 背侧丘脑 Dorsal thalamus 上丘脑 Epithalamus 第Ⅰ躯体运动区 First somatic motor area 第Ⅰ躯体感觉区 First somatic sensory area 穹窿连合 Fornical commissure 穹窿 Fornix 额叶 Frontal lobe 苍白球 Globus pallidus 味觉区 Gustatory area 海马结构 Hippocampal formation 垂体门静脉 Hypophysial portal veins 垂体 Hypophysis 下丘脑沟 Hypothalamic sulcus 下丘脑 Hypothalamus 额下回 Inferior frontal gyrus 漏斗核 Infundibular nucleus 漏斗 Infundibulum 岛叶 Insula 额下沟 Interior frontal sulcus 内囊 Internal capsule 内髓板 Internal medullary lamina 室间孔 Interventricular foramen 外侧膝状体 Lateral geniculate body 外侧沟 Lateral sulcus 侧脑室 Lateral ventricle 豆状核 Lentiform nucleus 边缘叶 Limbic lobe 边缘系统 Limbic system 乳头丘脑束 Mamillothalamic tract 乳头体 Mammilary body 前脑内侧束 Medial forebrain bundle 内侧膝状体 Medial geniculate body 后丘脑 Metathalamus 额中回 Middle frontal gyrus 运动性语言中枢 Motor speech area 神经干细胞 Neural stem cell 枕叶 Occipital lobe 嗅觉区 Olfactory area 视交叉 Optic chiasma 中央旁小叶 Paracentral lobule 海马旁回 Parahippocampal gyrus 室旁核 Paraventricular nucleus 室旁垂体束 Paraventriculohypophysial tract 顶叶 Parietal lobe 顶枕沟 Parietooccipital sulcus 松果体 Pineal body 中央后回 Postcentral gyrus 中央前回 Precentral gyrus 投射纤维 Projection fibers 壳 Putamen 隔区 Septal area 底丘脑 Subthalamus 额上回 Superior frontal gyrus 额上沟 Superior frontal sulcus 缘上回 Supramarginal gyrus 视上核 Supraoptic nucleus 视上垂体束 Supraopticohypophysial tract 端脑 Telencephalon 颞叶 Temporal lobe 透明隔 Transparent septum 颞横回 Transverse temporal gyrus 灰结节 Tuber cinerem 结节垂体束 tuberohypophysial tract 结节漏斗束 Tuberoinfundibular tract 钩 Uncus 腹前核 Ventral anterior nucleus 腹外侧核 Ventral lateral nucleus 腹后核 Ventral posterior nucleus 腹后外侧核 Ventral posterolateral nucleus 腹后内侧核 Ventral posteromedial nucleus 平衡觉区 Vestibular area 视觉区 Visual area 视觉性语言中枢 Visual speech area 书写中枢 Writing area 脑神经展神经 Abducent nerve 副神经 Accessory nerve 副神经核 Accessory nucleus 传入神经 Afferent nerves 迷走神经前干 Anterior vagal trunk 顺行溃变 Anterograde degeneration 耳颞神经 Auriculotemporal nerve 自主神经系统 Autonomic nervous system 颊神经 Buccal nerve 颈动脉窦支 Carotid sinus branch 腹腔支 Celiac branches 颈支 Cervical branch 鼓索 Chorda tymani 睫状神经节 Ciliary ganglion 蜗神经节 Cochlear nerve 蜗神经 Cochlear nerve 交通支 Communicating branch 脑神经 Cranial nerves 传出神经 Efferent nerves 面神经 Facial nerve 额神经 Frontal nerve 神经节 Ganglion 膝神经节 Geniculate ganglion 舌咽神经 Glossopharyngeal nerve 耳大神经 Great auricular nerve 枕大神经 Greater occipital nerve 岩大神经 Greater petrosal nerve 肝支 Hepatic branches 舌下神经 Hypoglossal nerve 髂腹下神经 Iliohypogastric nerve 髂腹股沟神经 Ilioinguinal nerve 下牙槽神经 Inferior alveolar nerve 下神经节 Inferior ganglion 喉下神经 Inferior laryngeal nerve 眶下神经 Infraorbital nerve 滑车下神经 Infratrochlear nerve 中间神经 Intermediate nerve 泪腺神经 Lacrimal nerve 枕小神经 Lesser occipital nerve 岩小神经 Lesser petrosal nerve 舌支 Lingual branches 舌神经 Lingual nerve 下颌神经 Mandibular nerve 下颌缘支 Marginal madibular branch 上颌神经 Maxillary nerve 鼻睫神经 Nasociliary nerve 动眼神经 Oculomotor nerve 嗅神经 Olfactory nerve 眼神经 Ophthalmic nerve 视神经 Optic nerve 耳神经节 Otic ganglion 副交感神经 Parasympathetic nerve 周围神经系统 Peripheral nervous system 咽支 Pharyngeal branche 膈神经 Phrenic nerve 后支 Posterior branch 胃后支 Posterior gastric branche 后根 Posterior root 迷走神经后干 Posterior vagal trunk 翼腭神经节 Pterygopalatine ganglion 喉返神经 Recurrent laryngeal nerve 逆行溃变 Retrograde degeneration 躯体神经 Somatic nerve 脊神经节 Spinal ganglion 脊神经 Spinal nerve 镫骨肌神经 Stapedial nerve 下颌下神经节 Submandibular ganglion 上牙槽神经 Superior alveolar nerves 上神经节 Superior ganglion 喉上神经 Superior laryngeal nerve 锁骨上神经 Supraclavicular nerves 眶上神经 Supraorbital nerve 滑车上神经 Supratrochlear nerve 颞支 Temporal branches 三叉神经节（半月节） Trigeminal ganglion 三叉神经 Trigeminal nerve 滑车神经 Trochlear nerve 鼓室神经 Tympanic nerve 迷走神经 Vagus nerve 植物神经系统 Vegetative nervous system 前庭神经节 Vestibular ganglion 前庭神经 Vestibular nerve 前庭蜗神经 Vestibulocochlear nerve 内脏神经 Visceral nerves 颧神经 Zygomatic nerve 内脏神经系统腹主动脉丛 Abdominal aortic plexus 主动脉肾神经节 Aorticorenal ganglion 自主神经系统 Autonomic nervous system 心丛 Cardiac plexus 腹腔神经节 Celiac ganglion 腹腔丛 Celiac plexus 颈外动脉丛 External carotid plexus 交感干神经节 Ganglia of sympathetic trunk 奇神经节 Ganglion impar 内脏大神经 Greater splanchnic nerve 灰交通支 Grey communicating branches 海德带 Head zones 腹下丛 Hypogastric plexus 颈下神经节 Inferior cervical ganglion 肠系膜下神经节 Inferior mesenteric ganglia 节间支 Interganglionic branches 颈内动脉丛 Internal carotid plexus 内脏小神经 Lesser splanchnic nerve 腰内脏神经 Lumbar cervical ganglion 副交感神经 Parasympathetic nerve 椎旁神经节 Paravertebral ganglion 盆丛 Pelvic plexus 盆内脏神经 Pelvic splanchnic nerve 咽丛 Pharyngeal plexus 内脏神经丛 Plexus of visceral nerve 节后纤维 Postganglionic fiber 节后神经元 Postganglionic neruron 节前纤维 Preganglionic fiber 节前神经元 Preganglionic neuron 星状神经节 Stellate ganglion 锁骨下动脉丛 Subclavian plexus 颈上神经节 Superior cervical ganglion 肠系膜上神经节 Superior mesenteric ganglion 交感干 Sympathetic trunk 交感神经 Sympathetic nerve 胸神经节 Thoracic ganglia 植物神经系统 Vegetative nervous system 椎动脉丛 Vertebral plexus 内脏运动神经 Visceral motor nerve 内脏神经系统 Visceral nervous system 内脏感觉神经 Visceral sensory nerve 白交通支 White communicating branches 神经系统传导路听辐射 Acoustic radiationg 肾上腺能通路 Adrenergic pathway 胺能通路 Aminergic patheway 听觉传导通路 Auditory pathway 丘脑中央辐射 Central radiation of thalamus 化学通路 Chemical pathways 胆碱能通路 Cholinergic pathway 传导通路 Conductive pathway 皮质核束 Corticonuclear tract 皮质脊髓束 Corticospinal tract 多巴胺能通路 Dopaminergic pathway 平衡觉传导通路 Equilibrium pathway 锥体外系 Extrapyramidal system 最后公路 Final common pathway 一般内脏感觉传导通路 General visceral sensory pathway 核下瘫 Infranuclear paralysis 下运动神经元 Lower motor neuron 运动（下行）传导通路 Motor (descending) pathway 震颤麻痹 Parkinson’s disease 瞳孔对光反射 Pupillary light reflex pathway 锥体束 Pyramidal tract 锥体系 Pyramidal system 感觉（上行）传导通路 Sensory (ascending) pathway 特殊内脏感觉传导通路 Special visceral sensory pathway 核上瘫 Supranuclear paralysis 上运动神经元 Upper motor neuron 视觉传导通路 Visual pathway 脑和脊髓的被膜、血管及脑脊液循环大脑前动脉 Anterior cerebral artery 脉络丛前动脉 Anterior choroid artery 前交通动脉 Anterior communicating artery 小脑下前动脉 Anterior inferior cerebellar artery 脊髓前动脉 Anterior spinal artery 蛛网膜粒 Arachnoid granulations 基底动脉 Basilar artery 血-脑屏障（BBB） Blood-brain barrier 海绵窦 Cavernous sinus 小脑镰 Cerebellar falx 小脑延髓池 Cerebellomedullary cistern 脑蛛网膜 Cerebral arachnoid mater 大脑动脉环（Willis 环） Cerebral arterial circle 硬脑膜 Cerebral dura mater 软脑膜 Cerebral pia mater 脑脊液（CSF） Cerebral spinal fluid 脑脊液-脑屏障 Cerebrospinalfliud-brain barrier 窦汇 Confluence of sinuses 齿状韧带 Denticulate ligament 鞍膈 Diaphragma sellae 硬膜外隙 Epidural space 大脑大静脉（Galen静脉） Great cerebral vein 下矢状窦 Inferior sagittal sinus 颈内动脉 Internal carotid artery 大脑中动脉 Middle cerebral artery 后交通动脉 Posterior communicating artery 脊髓后动脉 Posterior spinal artery 小脑下后动脉 Posterior inferior cerebellar artery 乙状窦 Sigmoid sinus 硬脑膜窦 Sinuses of dura mater 脊髓蛛网膜 Spinal arachoid mater 硬脊膜 Spinal dura mater 软脊膜 Spinal pia mater 直窦 Straight sinus 蛛网膜下池 Subarachnoid cisterns 蛛网膜下隙 Subarachnoid space 上矢状窦 Superior sagittal sinus 小脑幕 Tentorium of cerebellum 终池 Terminal cistern 横窦 Transverse sinus 椎动脉 Vertebral artery 13

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