四级听力技巧.doc

四级考试流程（时间节点）8：50-9：00试音时间9：00-9：10播放考场指令，发放作文考卷9：10取下耳机，开始作文考试9：35发放含有快速阅读的试题册(9：40才允许开始做)9：40-9：55做快速阅读9：55收答题卡一(即作文和快速阅读)9：55-10：00重新戴上耳机，试音寻台，准备听力考试10：00开始听力考试，电台开始放音10:00-10:35听力结束后完成剩余考项。11：20全部考试结束。Answer Sheet 1Part I Writing 30 minutes， 107分（15%） Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning) 15 minutes，70分（10%） Answer Sheet 2Part III Listening Comprehension 35 minutes 249分（35%） Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth) 25 minutes，179分（25%） Part V Cloze 15 minutes，70分（10%） Part VI Translation 5 minutes，35分（5%） （这四部分是一起发一起收，可自行安排时间）四级听力 听力部分位于卷二的第一部分，分值共占全卷的35%，是大学英语四级考试的重中之重。它主要包含小对话，长对话，短文听力与复合式听写四部分。名称题型分值比例考试时间Section A小对话选择题8%共8道对话，每题长约1分钟长对话选择题7%共2段对话，每题长约3分钟Section B短文听力选择题10%共3篇文章，每篇长约3分钟Section C复合式听写听写填空10%填8个单词和3句话，共计8分钟注：复合式听写部分读3遍，其他部分对话和问题都只读一遍。第一部分：短对话1. 视听反向原则：直接听到的答案要慎选。因为短对话都比较短，所以它考查的重点不是记忆力，而是理解能力。例1 A) She must have paid a lot. B) She is known to have a terrific figure. C) Her gym exercise has yielded good results. D) Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy.原文 W: Ive been working out the gym since January. I was a bit out of shape.M: You look terrific. It seems that your effort has paid off.Q: What does the man imply about the woman?【词汇点拨】gym n. 健身房; yield v. 产生; keep fit 保持体型;work out 体育锻炼; out of shape 走形，走样; pay off 得到好结果解析正确答案为C。 “yield good results” 替换了原文中的 “your effort has really paid off”。虽然gym, terrific 和effort 都被直接读到，但他们所在的选项信息都与原文不符，所以直接听到的要慎选。2. 同义替换原则：正确答案中的单词或词组是听力原文的同义表达。四级考试中出现频率较高的同义替换词语有：book-reserveinjury-woundslight-minorhard-difficult-complicatedbehind schedule-latereluctant-unwillingbear-stand-put up withuse-apply-utilizea variety of-all kinds of-all sorts of例2A) She will meet the man halfway.B) She will ask David to talk less.C) She is sorry the man will not come.D) She has to invite David to the party.原文M: I really cant stand the way David controls the conversation all the time. If he is going to be at your Christmas party, I just wont come.W: Im sorry you feel that way, but my mother insists that he come.Q: What does the woman imply?解析Insist 后面加that加do是虚拟语气，表示 “坚持要做某事，一定要做某事”，和选项中has to do sth进行了同义替换，所以答案是D。3. 转折原则：正确答案常常出现在转折词的后面。（如but, however, otherwise, surprisingly, unfortunately, unexpectedly, except, except for等）例3A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.B) He has difficulty understanding the book.C) He cannot get access to the assigned book. D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.原文 W: Just imagine! We have to finish reading 300 pages before Monday! How can the professor expect us to do it in such a short time?M: Yeah, but what troubles me is that I cant find the book in the library or in the university bookstore.Q: What does the man mean?解析注意原文中but后面的句子what troubles me is that I cant find the book in the library or in the university bookstore.对应选项C中的cannot get access to the assigned book。此外，此题也用到了同义替换原则，C选项中的get access to（找到，得到）是对原文中find的同义替换。所以选C。第二部分 长对话视听基本一致原则：听到的原文和看到的选项若基本一致，则该选项容易为正确选项。例4A) The pocket money British children get.B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.C) The things British children spend money on.D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.部分听力原文W: Now youve seen this table of figures about the pocket money children in Britain get?M: Yes. I thought it was quite interesting, but I dont quite understand the column entitled change. Can you explain what it means?W: Well, I think it means the change from the year before. I am not a mathematician, but I assume the rise from 70p to 90p is a rise of 25 percent。Q： What is the table of figures about?解析正确答案为A。答案设在对话开头的第一个问句中。选项A与原文内容基本一致，只是把原文当中的children in Britain改成了British children。第三部分：短文听力短文听力一般篇幅都比较较长，而且问题又出现在整个材料读完之后。对于很多考生而言，如果完全听完材料再解题，往往会忘了先前听到的内容，尤其是考察细节题的时候。针对这一情况，我们提供三大原则：结合同义替换原则（同短对话），视听基本一致原则（同长对话），首尾句群出题（听力材料的前几句和后几句常是出题的地方）例5 A) State your problem to the head waiter.B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you. A) Demand a prompt response.B) Provide all the details.C) Send it by express mail.D) Stick to the point.部分听力原文： 首句群：The way to complain is to act business-like and important. If your complaint is immediate, suppose you got the wrong order at a restaurant, make a polite but firm request to see the manager. （第1题答案在此处被直接读到）When the manager comes, ask his or her name. And then state your problem and what you expect to have done about it. Be polite! 尾句群： If your complaint doesnt require an immediate response, it often helps to complain by letter. If you have an appliance that doesnt work, send a letter to the store that sold it. Be business-like and stick to the point. （第2题答案在此处被直接读到）Dont spend a paragraph on how your uncle John tried to fix the problem and couldnt.Q1： What does the speaker suggest you do when you are not served properly at a restaurant? Q2： What should you do if you make a complaint by letter?解析正确答案为 -C，-D。第题符合视听基本一致原则，只有少量替换，即ask替换了原文中的make a request。而第题则是视听完全一致。第四部分 复合式听写复合式听写要求填写8个单词和3个句子。要提高这一部分的得分，需要注意以下几个方面：一、 听之前1. 默读首末句，了解文章大体内容。2. 判断划线单词词性，单复数，时态语态二、 听之时1. 速记1） 省略虚词：如冠词、助词等2） 遇到词组记每个单词首字母，如break down就记作B D，但自己要能够看懂。3） 长单词记前三个字母，如experience就记作exp。4） 符号记忆，如more than 可记作 “，less than可记作 “，equal to可记作”=“等等。5） 混合记忆，就是把上面几种方法混合起来使用，还可以夹杂中文等等。2. 最后3个句子不一定非要写下听力原文，可以用自己的语言表述听到的意思。此外，只写出句子的部分也可以得到相应的分数，所以切不可因为有听不懂的词而全面放弃。三、 听之后1. 检查拼写长单词容易发生拼写错误，要仔细检查一遍；短单词容易和音近词混淆，检查时要和上下文连起来看看意思是不是相符：如roll和row的读音很像。2. 检查大小写人名、地名、国家名、时间名（月份）、节日名、书名、文件名、商标名、历史事件名都要大写，句首单词首字母也要大写。3. 检查名词单复数，形容词，副词比较级最高级，动词时态语态等。