数据库和数据挖掘常用词词汇.doc

Preface

Curriculum n.1.总课程，（学校等的）全部课程
And just as important as the radical churches and the reformed sects is for Hobbes the university and its curriculum
concept
n.1.概念; 观念; 想法
2.总的印象；思维的产物；发明；创造
adj.1.试作阶段的；新设想的；领导时代新潮流的
I would suggest that it's not unlike the wedge that Hirsch drives between the concept of meaning and the concept of significance
artificial
adj.1.人造的, 人工的, 假的
2.虚假的, 不真挚的, 矫揉造作的
3.人为的
"To me it's too artificial and it's also the same story that you've seen before with indigenous groups and the white colonial forces coming to destroy them or something like that."
evaluation
n.1.估价,评价;估算
2.<数>赋值,值的计算
3.估计价值，鉴定
4.【医学】诊断
Mr Riggio said he wants to stay at the company whatever the outcome of the evaluation
Chapter1 overview
Motivated
adj. 1.目的明确的2.激发，促进3.有动机的4.积极的
What motivated data mining
Performance
1.演出, 表演注解批注
2.履行, 执行注解批注
3.表现, 行为, 成就注解批注
4.性能, 工作情况注解批注
Different performance between transaction process and analysis process
problem-solving
1. 问题解决
These exercises are meant to pull you out of your usual habits and to put you in situations that will demand resourcefulness and creative problem-solving
unsuited
adj.1.不合格的;不胜任的;不适宜的
2. (人)志趣不相投的,不相配的,不般配的
subtract those unsuited to government office because of their views, age, disposition or dimness
summarize
vt.1.总结, 概述
oriented
adj.1.导向的;面向…的
2.以...为方向的,以...为目的的
integrated
adj.1.整体的；完全的；综合的；集成的；整合的
2.结合的；连成一体的
3.互相协调的
4.完整的
5.(各组成部分)与谐的
6.[主美国英语]取消(种族)隔离的；平等对待的
variant
n.1.变体;变种;变型
2.(词等的)变体;异读
3.(书等的)不同版本;改编
adj.1.不同的; 差别的; 变异的;易变的, 不定的; 各种各样的
nonvolatile
adj.1.(尤指物质)非挥发性的; 不挥发的
1.非易失性的
2.不挥发的
3.非易失的
4.支持访问非易变
A data warehouse is a subject-oriented, integrated, time-variant, and nonvolatile(不容易丢失) collection of data in support of management’s decision making process
primitive
adj.1.原始的, 早期的
2.发展水平低的；落后的
3.原始的；人类或动物发展早期的
n.1.文艺复兴前的画家或雕刻家; 早期的艺术家
2. 原始人, 原始事物
By adding or swapping a logical primitive here or there, the entire functionality of the program shifts or enlarges
extracting
n.1.萃取,提取,提炼
Data mining refers to extracting or “mining” knowledge from large amounts of data.
pattern
n.1.型, 样式
2.花样, 图案
3.方式, 形式
vt.1.模仿; 仿制
2.以图案装饰
3.使形成，促成（某行为模式）
4.复写；复制
vi.1.形成图案
Extraction interesting (non-trivial(有价值的), implicit（固有的）, previously unknown and potentially useful) patterns or knowledge from huge amounts of data.
evaluation
n.1.估价,评价;估算
2.<数>赋值,值的计算
3.估计价值，鉴定
4.【医学】诊断
Methods include evaluation measurement technique, error-proofing, sample size and frequency, control method
transformation
n.1.变化, 弯形, 变质, 转变
2.转变实例
3.<电>变换,转换
4.<数>变换(式)
5.<语>转换
And in this way, these women enacted a lot of transformation, beautiful transformation
Selection
n.1.选择, 挑选
2.被挑选的人[事物]; 选萃, 选集
3.可供选择的东西
trivial
adj.1.不重要的；琐碎的；微不足道的
Nobody calls these issues trivial—but they are also among the hardest to deal with
implicit
adj.1.不言明[含蓄]的
2.无疑问的, 绝对的
3.成为一部份的；内含的
The larger, implicit point is that the threatening thing is not really that threatening
previously
adv.1.事先;以前
2.<美><口>仓促地;不成熟地
potentially
adv.1.潜在地;可能地
2.<古>强有力地;权威地
adj.1.假定地
Extraction interesting (non-trivial(有价值的), implicit（固有的）, previously unknown and potentially useful) patterns or knowledge from huge amounts of data.

alternative
adj.1.两者(或两者以上)择一的，二择其一的，可从数个中任择其一的；(两种选择中)非此即彼的
2.不寻常的, 非传统性的
3.非正统的
4.(两者)互斥的
n.1.取舍, 抉择, 可供选择的事物
2.选择的余地, 可供选择的机会
3.可供选择的事物；替换物，替代品
An alternative to the all red bouquet is to buy some white roses and insert one red one in the center of the bunch.
insurance
n.1.保险
2.保险业
3.保险费
4.保险措施, 安全保障
So insurance companies can no longer drop your coverage when you get sick, which was happening
scout
n.1.侦察员[机, 舰]
2.童子军
3.搜索, 侦察
vt. & vi.1.寻找; 侦察
vt.1.物色（优秀运动员、演员、音乐家等）
Kerr went about this like a talent scout, and his successors have continued the practice
inventory
n.1.详细目录, 存货清单,（商店的）存货，库存
2.细账；细目表；详细目录
3.存货清单(或财产目录)的编制
4.自然资源目录
5.总结；概述
vt.1.编制…的目录；开列…的清单；盘存，清查
2.总结，概述
vi.1.对清单上存货的估价，具有清单所示价值
Replenishing inventory will be a temporary fillip without an increase in consumer demand

Chapter2 dw concepts
modeling
n.1.造型(术)
2.(图画等的)立体感
3.模特儿职业
adj.1.制造模型的
2.模特儿的
concise
adj.1.简明的；简炼的；简洁的
2. 简略的；简缩的；简明的
These equations represent one of the most elegant and concise ways to state the behaviour of electric and magnetic fields and how they interact with matter
particular
adj.1.特定的, 某一的
2.特殊的, 特别的, 特有的
3.(过分)讲究的, 挑剔的
4.详细的, 详尽的
5.不寻常的；格外的
6.个别的；各个的，各自的；独自的，个人的
7.精密的；细致的
8.分项的；列举的
9.【逻辑学】特称的;特殊的
n.1.[常作复数] (消息或情报等的)详情；细目
2.详细资料；详细介绍材料
3.(总体中的)一项；一条；一点；一部分；一个细节
4.特殊情况；个别情况
Deep drilling poses particular problems of high pressure and temperature
issues
1.债券
1.争点
3.配置与操作说明
provide a simple and concise view around particular subject issues by excluding data that are not useful in the decision support process.
excluding
prep.1.除…外, 不包括
Excluding certain items, Oracle earned 54 cents per share, more than Wall Street was expecting
multiple
adj.1.多重的, 多种多样的
2.多个的；由多个组成的；重合的；多数的；多层次的；多次的
3.复杂的
4.多人参加的；多人享有的
5.多功能的
6.倍数的，多倍的
n.1.〈数〉倍数
2.【电工学】并联，复联；多路系统，多次线路
3.连锁商店，联号
The team developed a method of analysing genes in multiple ageing tissue types in both animals and humans
heterogeneous
adj.1.多种多样的；混杂的
The Data Transformation Services Import/Export Wizard allows you to import and transform heterogeneous data
consistency
n.1.一致性, 连贯性
2. 坚实度, 浓度, 黏稠度
To this end, and to ensure consistency and repeatability, protocols for each of the key measurements were produced
convention
n.1.(某一职业、政党等的人士召开的)大会, 集会
2.习俗, 惯例, 常规
3.协议, 协定, （国家或首脑间的）公约，（换俘等）协定，协议
4.【桥牌】叫牌的一套常规
5.(美国)全国代表大会；政党代表大会
The letter urged the government to ratify the Convention at the earliest possible opportunity
encoding
n.1.编码,译码
ensure consistency in naming conventions,encoding structures, attribute measures, etc
attribute
vt.1.认为…是; 归因于…
2.认为某作品出自某人之手
3.认为某事[物]属于某人[物]
4.把…归于；把…归因于，把…归咎于，把(过错的责任等)归于，诿于(to)
5.把…品质归于某人，认为某人具有…品性，认为(品性、特征)属于…
6.确定…产生的时间、时期或地点等
n.1.属性, 特性
2.价值
3.(人或物的)特征、品性，品质
4.(文艺作品中人、物、职务等的)象征，标志
5.【语法学】定语，修饰语，限定词(在名词短语中修饰名词的形容词)
6.【逻辑学】属性，性质
ensure consistency in naming conventions,
encoding structures, attribute measures, etc
horizon
n.1.地平线
2.范围, 界限, 眼界
3.天球地平圈，真正平圈
4.水平(线)
5.(测量高度用的)人工地平
6.(透视)视平线
7.可望见的东西
8.眼界，视线；(知识、阅历、兴趣等的)范围；见识
significantly
adv.1.意味深长地
2.值得注目地；显著地
operational
adj.1.即可使用的
2.(用于)操作的, 经营的
3. 军事行动的
perspective
n.1.远景, 景
2.前途; 希望
3.透视；透视画法；中心透视
4.透视图
5.观点, 想法
6.态度；观点；思考方法
The time horizon(范围) for the data warehouse is significantly longer than that of operational systems
explicitly
adv.1.明白地,明确地
implicitly
adv.1.含蓄地;暗示地
2. 无疑问地；无保留地；绝对地
Contains an element of time, explicitly or implicitly
mapping
1.映射,绘制…的地图,计划
log
n.1.原木, 木材, 木料
2.（某时期事件的）正式记录, 日志;（尤指）航海日志, 飞行日志
vt. & vi.1.砍伐
vt.1.把…记入航海日志; 把…载入正式记录; 记录
2.航行(…距离), 飞行(…小时); 行驶，行进（若干距离或时间）
To get started mind mapping a meeting, get the agenda ahead of time if possible
summarization
n.1.摘要,概要
As we know, notes are the summarization, the core content, our understanding and the abbreviations of the books
refreshing
adj.1.耳目一新的;新颖的;新鲜的
2.使人精神焕发的;使恢复精神的
3.使人凉爽的
granularity
n.1.间隔尺寸,粒度
The beauty of the technique is that it encompasses both granularity and generality
Chapter 3 Data Warehouse Models
conceptual
adj.1.概念（上）的；观念（上）的
conceptual model
metadata
n.1.元数据
granularity
n.1.间隔尺寸,粒度
metadata model and granularity model
entity
n.1.实体, 独立存在体, 实际存在物.统一性
Entity-relationship model
commodity
n.1.商品, 货物
2.有用的东西
3.农产品；矿产品
4.有价值的物品
Time is the most valuable commodity one can have, according to the doctrine of the time worshippers
Multidimentional 1.而呈现多维
schema
n.1.概要, 计划, 图表
Multidimentional model
snowflake
n.1.雪花,雪片
Snowflake schema
constellation
n.1.星座
2.一群杰出人物
3.一系列（相关的想法、事物）；一群（相关的人）
Fact constellation
dimension
n.1.尺寸, 度量
2.方面, 部分
3.规模, 程度
4.（长、宽、高的）量度；面积
6.…维的；…度空间的
7.特点，特征
adj.1.(木料、石料等做成)规格的
vt.1.把…刨成(或切削成)需要的尺寸
2. 在…上标出(或测出)尺寸[通常用于过去分词]
Dimension table
dynamic
adj.1.有活力的, 强有力的
2.不断变化的
3.动力的, 动态的
4.充满活力的；精力充沛的
5.发展变化的
n.1.（人或事物）相互作用的方式，动态
2.力学；动力学
3. 动力
4.力度；力度变化
This reflects the dynamic growth of the physics discipline during this century
investment
n.1.投资
2.投资额；投资物
3. 值得买的东西；有用的投资物
4.（时间、精力的）投入
Return on investment & Risk Analysis
briefly
adv.1.短暂地
2.简单地说；简洁地；简短地
Write a reader's report on the book. Tell the story briefly and then explain why you did or did not enjoy it.

Chapter 4 OLAP technology
consolidation
n.1.巩固,加强,强化
2.联合,统一;合并
3.变坚固
aggregation
n.1.聚集,集成;集结
2.聚集体,集成体
is an analysis technique, with functionalities such as summarization, consolidation, and aggregation, as well as the ability to view information from different angles.
trendline
1.趋势线
histogram
n.1.柱状图
n.1.圆形分格统计图表
scatter
vt. & vi.1.(使)散开, (使)分散; 驱散
vt.1.撒
n.1.散落；三三两两；零零星星
plot
n.1.故事情节
2.(秘密)计划, 密谋
3.小块地皮
4.基址，地基
5.小区，小地段
vt.1.把…分成小块; 划分
2.绘制; 标出
3.密谋；策划
vt. & vi.1.密谋
vi.1.设计作品情节
2. 标绘；作图；用坐标确定位置，坐标显示
Scatter plot
hierarchy
n.1.等级制度
2.统治集团, 领导层
3.层次体系
The hierarchy of dimension
array
n.1.展示, 陈列, 一系列
2.衣服, 服装
3.数组, 阵列
4.大堆；大群；大量
vt.1.部署兵力，配置兵力; 排列, 整队，布置
2. 盛装, 打扮, 装饰
Multidimensional array
sort
n.1.群; 种类; 类别
2.某种人
3.分类；排序
4.品级
5.品质；性质；性格
vt. & vi.1.分类; 整理
vt.1.妥善处理；把…整理好（或安排妥当）
2.挑选，拣出，区分(常与out连用)
3.把…归类(常与with, together连用)
4.【计算机】(根据指令的模式)把…分类，把…排序
vi.1.[英国方言]交往；友好往来(with)
Human records, however, are not the only sort available
perspectives
n. 1.透视，远景，看法；
2.构面；观点展示（perspective的复数形式）
Dimensions are the perspectives or entities with respect to which an organization wants to keep records
Chapter 5
classification
n.1.分类, 分级
2.类别, 种类, 门类
3.（动植物等的）分类学，分类法
Different views,different classfication
spatial
adj.1.空间的, 立体空间的, 三维空间的
This area is involved in some sensory understanding and spatial recognition, as well as language, reading and vision.
temporal
adj.1.时间的
2.暂存的,短暂的,非永恒的
3.世俗的;现世的
n.1.暂存的事物,世间的事物
vt.1.使世俗化
n.1.俗人
The fact that pontiffs wear two hats, temporal and spiritual, gives them, and their interlocutors, a certain flexibi
heterogeneous
adj.1.多种多样的；混杂的
The albumins contain the majority of the cellular enzymes and are thus extremely heterogeneous
legacy
n.1.遗产, 遗赠物
2.遗留之物
3. 遗留问题；后遗症
Race remains a prominent and sensitive issue in the United States, which has struggled to overcome a legacy of slavery, segregation and discrimination
Chapter 6 Data preprocessing
reduction
n.1.减少, 缩小; 减少的量, 降价
2.（照片、地图、图片等的）缩图，缩版
3.【生物学】减数分裂
4.【摄影术】减薄
5.【数学】约简
6.【化学】还原
7.降低；降级；降职
8.归纳；总括；简化
9.浓缩变稠
10.稀释
It is part of the method of explanation by way of reduction, or deduction from hypotheses
Identify
1. 认出, 识别
2.支持, 同情
3.辨认；识别；认出；鉴定；验明；确定
4.使等同于；把…看做一致(常与with连用
5.使支持；使参与，使关系密切(常与with连用
vt. & vi
1. 等同于; 有关联
vi.
1.同情；跟…发生共鸣；支持(常与with连用))
Identify outliers and smooth out noisy data
incomplete
adj.1.不完全的, 不完整的,不完善的,未完成的
n.1.（学业成绩评分）未修毕，未完成
Therefore our knowledge of the core is quite incomplete.
occupation
n.1.工作; 职业
2.消遣, 业余活动
3.占领, 侵占，占领期
4.（土地、房屋、建筑等的）使用，居住，占用
The happiness and satisfaction we can get from occupation and work are much more than most of us expect
inconsistent
adj.1.(思想、意见等)不一致的, 不协调的
2.易变的, 不稳定的, 反复无常的
3. 不一致；相矛盾
4.不符合（某套标准、思想等）
5.反覆无常的；没有常性的
This may seem to imply the charge that historicism is inconsistent
tuple
n.1.元组，数组
attributes
n.1.属性;特性,特质
many tuples have no recorded value for several attributes, such as customer income in sales data
random
adj.1.随意的, 任意的, 无计划的, 未经事先考虑的, 胡乱的
2.(统计)随机的
variance
n.1.差异,不同;不一致;不相符合
2.变化; 变动; 变异;变化幅度;差额
3.不与;有分歧
4.<数>方差
5.( 与… )有矛盾，不一致
measured
adj.1.仔细斟酌的,慎重的
2. 缓慢而又有节奏的
Noise is a random error or variance in a measured variable.
binning
n.1.装箱,进仓
Binning method
clustering
n.1.聚类
regression
n.1.衰退
2.（尤指因催眠或精神疾患，或为逃避目前忧虑）回到从前，回归
3.(统计学) 回归
The regression on tensile strength with portland cement mixed with fiber was derived using orthogonal
inspection
n.1.检查,视察
2.检验;审视
3.检阅
4.(巡官的)巡区；检查员(或督察员)的管辖区
5.视察；检阅；参观
They are using sensors and a camera at the end of the shuttle's robot arm for the inspection will take about 5 hours
median
adj.1.在中间的；通过中点的
2.中间值的；中间的
n.1. 中位数
2. （三角形的）中线
Smoothing by bin medians
suspicious
adj.1.猜疑的, 疑心的
2.可疑的
3.表示怀疑的
4.不信任的；持怀疑态度的
We are concerned with any suspicious activity in light of the recent media attention
redundancy
n.1.过多,过剩,多余
2.(尤指文字)冗长,累赘
3.(机器的)多余度,冗余;(自动)重复
4.(因劳动力过剩而造成的）裁员，解雇
1.备份
One way around this redundancy problem would be to administer a cocktail of inhibitory molecules that targets multiple pain mechanisms
normalization
n.1.常态化;正常化;正规化
decimal
adj.1.十进位的, 小数的
n.1.小数
min-max normalization
scaling
n.1.缩放比例
respectively
adv.1.分别；各自；顺序为；依次为
normalization
n.1.常态化;正常化;正规化
normalization by decimal scaling
aggregation
n.1.聚集,集成;集结
2. 聚集体,集成体
Data cube aggregation
discretization
n.1.离散化
By use of the super-club data and entropy of the information table, the discretization of continuous attributes was implemented
heuristic
adj.1.（教学或教育）启发式的
This article reviews the applications of heuristic didactics to pharmacology teaching
compression
n.1.挤压,压缩
2.(内燃机的)压缩冲程
3.压抑;压制
To specify set a compression exception for a folder, click Folder, and then type the folder name
components
n.1.(机器、设备等的)构成要素;零件;成分
adj.1.组成的;构成的
The three components of body build are type, size and composition
segmentation
n.1.分割
In the segmentation process we take an explained variable
distinct
adj.1.截然不同的, 完全分开的
2.清晰的, 明白的, 明显的
3.清楚的，一清二楚的，显著的；不会搞错的；能清楚地识别(或认识)的；线条分明的
4.不同的，个别的，各别的；有区别的，差异的；单独的，独立的，独特的
5.性质(或种类)不同的，不同性质的，不同种类的，不相似的
In the medium term, a sharp rise in inflation is a distinct possibility

Chapter 7 Mining association rules in large databases
association
n.1.协会, 社团
2.联合, 结合, 交往
3.联系；关联；交往，交际，结交
4.友谊；伙伴(或合伙、合作、合股)关系
5.团体，会，社，学会，联合会；联盟，同盟
6.(思想、感觉、记忆等的)联想；思想(或观念)的联系
association rule mining: basic concepts
correlation
n.1.相互的关系
Association rule mining finds interesting association or correlation relationships among a large set of data items.
implication
n.1.卷入, 牵连,牵涉
2.含义, 暗示, 暗指
3.可能的影响（或作用、结果）
4.含蓄；含意；
5.【逻辑学】蕴涵
But the other implication is not so easily proved
threshold
n.1.门